秦始皇陵兵马俑英文介绍阅读

秦始皇陵兵马俑英文介绍篇一 Emperor Qin's mausoleum is the largest of ancientChina, situated at the northern foot of Mt Li, LintongCounty, some 30m east of Xi'an city, 秦始皇的陵墓是古代中国最大的,位于北部的临潼县骊山脚下,西安以东 约 30 m 处, facing Weishui River in the north，close to the touristresort Huaqing Pool in the west. 面朝在北面的渭河,接近西面的华清池旅游胜地。 The huge and amazing satellite pit of terra-cotta warriors is 1 500m east of themausoleum,discovered in March of 1974,by a group of farmers drilling a well against thedraught. 巨大的、令人惊叹的兵马俑卫星坑在陵墓以 1 500 米处，1974 年 3 月由 一群钻井抗旱的农民发现。 Archaeologist the unearthed the treasure of Qin dynasty hidden for over 2 000 years. 考古学家发掘了在地下隐藏 2 000 年的宝藏， The pit is truly an underground military museum largest worldwide. 坑确实是世界最大的地下军事博物馆。 Its design is rational and unique with a weight wall every 3m,dividing the 5m deep pit intolanes of warriors neatly arrayed. 其设计是理性的和独特的，每 3 米有重墙,把 5 米深坑里整齐排列的战士 划分开。 Due to its hugeness and the lack of written data,Chinese archaeologists and historians haveworked on the mausoleum for decades. 由于它的宏大和缺乏书面数据,中国考古学家和历史学家研究陵墓已经有 几十年的的时间了。 Full scale excavation is left to the future, except some scientific unearthing of a few satellitepits,and visitors to the tomb see only a hill like mound. 全面挖掘留给未来,除了一些科学发掘一些卫星坑,游客到墓丘只能看到 冰山一角。 秦始皇陵兵马俑英文介绍篇二 The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses 秦始皇陵兵马俑 The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses are one of the most significant archeological discoveries in the 20th century. The excavation work is ongoing at this site, which is around l. 5 kilometers east of Emperor Qin Shihuang's missed by any visitor to China. Upon ascending the throne at the age of 13 in 246 BC, Qin Shihuang, later the first feudal emperor in the Chinese history, began to work for his mausoleum. It took ii years to finish. It is speculated that many buried treasures and sacrificial objects had accompanied the emperor in his afterlife. A group of peasants uncovered some pottery while digging for a well nearby the royal tomb in 1974. It caught the attention of archeologists immediately, who, after massive on-site excavations, claimed that the Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses had been associated with the Qin Dynasty. The museum covers an area of 16,300 square meters, divided into three sections, i.e.No.1 Pit, No.2 Pit, and No.3 Pit respectively. No. I Pit, the largest of the three, was first opened to the public on China's National Day, 1979. No. 2 Pit, found in 1976, is 20 meters northeast of No. 1 Pit. It contained over one thousand warriors and 90 chariots. It was unveiled to the public in l994. Archeologists came upon No. 3 Pit also in 1976, 25 meters northwest of No. I Pit. It looked like the command center of the armed forces. It went on display in 1989, with 68 warriors. a war chariot and four horses. Up to now, over 7,000 pottery soldiers and horses, chariots, and weapons have been unearthed from these pits. Most of them have been restored to their former grandeur. The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses were listed by UNESCO in 1987 as one of the world cultural heritages. 秦始皇陵兵马俑是 20 世纪最重要的考古发现之一。在陕西西安市临潼 区秦始皇陵以东约 1.5 千米处，考古发掘工作正在进行。到中国的游客都不 会错过参观这一景点。秦始皇后来成为中国历史上首位封建帝王。13 岁的他 于公元前 246 年继承王位之后就着手营造自己的陵墓，历时 11 年方修建完 成。有人猜测，始皇帝死后有大量的宝物和陪葬品埋入陵墓陪伴这位帝王。 1974 年，几个农民在帝王陵寝附近打井时发掘出一些陶制品，这立即引起 了考古学家们的注意，他们在经过大量的现场发掘后认为兵马俑和秦代关系 密切。兵马俑博物馆占地 16300 平方米，由三部分组成，即分别是 l 号俑坑、 2 号俑坑和 3 号俑坑。一号坑在三个坑中最大，首先于 1979 年中国的国庆节 当天向公众开放。1976 年发现的 2 号坑，在一号坑东北方向 20 米处，有 1000 多个陶俑和 90 乘马车。2 号坑于 1994 年向公众开放。3 号坑也是考古 学家在 1976 年发现的，在 l 号坑西北方向 25 米处，该俑坑看上去像是军队 的指挥中心。1989 年公开展览的 3 号坑，由 68 个陶俑、一乘战车和四个马 佣。迄今从这些俑坑中共发掘出 7000 余件陶俑、陶马、战车和兵器，大部 分经过修复都已重获了昔日的威武和庄严。秦始垒陵兵马俑于 1987 年被联 合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产之一。 秦始皇陵兵马俑英文介绍篇三 Xi'an, once the capital of eleven Chinese dynasties, is famous throughout the world for life-sized terra-cotta warriors and horses. They have won fame as one of the greatest archaeological finds of this century. Back in 1974, while digging a well to fight drought, some farmers from Lintong county, about thirty kilometers east of Xi'an, unearthed some brown pottery fragments, which led to the great discovery of the executed terra-cotta legions as an exterior section of the mausoleum, of Qin Shi Huang or First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty (255-210B. C.) Details of Qin Shi Huang's tomb can be traced in The Historical Records (compiled by Sima Qian) and legends about it have been widespread. However, for technical reasons, the major part of the tomb remains unexcavated today with its mound still standing 76 meters high against the slopes of Mt. Lishan and facing the Huishui River. After 20 years of careful excavation three underground vaults officially opened to the public in 1979, 1989, and 1994 respectively, displaying thousands of terra-cotta warriors, horses and chariots, all arranged in battle formations. Vault 1, built with earth and timber, measures 210 meters long, 60 meters wide and 4.6 to 6.5 meters high. In this area of 12, 600 square meters, six thousand life-sized warriors and horses of terra-cotta were found in rectangular battle formation. The troops were of a fairly uniform height of 1.8 meters. They wear helmets and armor and carry real bows and arrows, swords, lances, javelins and crossbows in their hands. Each chariot, made of wood, is drawn by a team of four horses, 1. 5 meters in height. Three rows of infantrymen make up the vanguard of the formation, and these are followed by the main body of the army, 38 rows of troops. There are also flank columns and rearguards. The array breathes the power of Qin Shi Huang's army. Vault 2 is approximately one half vault I in size, housing nearly a thousand pottery warriors. Compared with Vault 1, these warriors are of a larger variety and arranged in more complex battle array. Unlike Vault 1, the war chariots and infantrymen are arranged separately in four square formations which are linked to one another in a polygon. Again, however, the warriors carry real weapons. The projecting part of the polygon consists of archers, either standing or kneeling, with crossbows or handbows and quivers and so appears to be the vanguard of the phalanx. The archers are followed by a unit of cavalrymen to the left and one of chariots to the right, forming the two wings of the phalanx. Infantrymen and war chariots bring up the rear. Each chariot drawn by four horses has1l driver and two assistants, one on either side. The charioteers are armored and carry spears, swords and crossbows, Indicating that they could engage in long-range battles, short-range fighting and hand-to-hand combat. All the cavalrymen carry crossbows, a sign that shooting on horseback was a common practice in the army at that time. From among the chariots a robust and unusually tall figure at 1. 95 meters has been unearthed. His armor is interlinked and overlapped with finer metal pieces than that of the common soldiers, and he is believed to be a high-ranking commander of the 1egion. Vault 3 is a modest building more resembling a gallery. It has 69 pottery warriors with defensive weapons and a wooden chariot pulled by four magnificent horses. The structure of the gallery and the line-up of the soldiers suggest that this was likely the headquarters of the troops of Vault 1 and 2. However, the commander is missing. Many archaeologists believe that since the underground army represents the emperor's garrison under his direct command, no marshal was necessary. Altogether ten thousand pieces of actual weaponry have been unearthed from the three vaults, including arrow-heads, swords, spears and halberds. Two long-handled swords dug out recently are still sharp and gleaming despite their burial for more than two thousand years. Some bronze arrow-heads from Vault 2 are 41 cm in length and 100 grams in weight. They are the biggest bronze weapons excavated in China. Important to the study of Qin technology was the discovery of bronze arrow-heads and swords treated with a preservative that has prevented erosion for 22 centuries. Chemical analysis revealed the sword to have been cast of an alloy of copper, tin and various other elements, including nickel, magnesium, and cobalt. The arrow-heads which contain 7.71 percent lead are considered by archaeologists to be the world's most poisonous. Experts expect future discoveries to unearth even more amazing art treasures. But they warn that it may require the efforts of one or two generations to recover the entire tomb complex of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. The three vaults are well preserved in three modern constructions, each with an arched dome and a corridor along the side of the vault so that visitors may overlook the restored figures of warriors, horses and chariots in their original formations. Vault 2 is equipped with devices for regulating temperature, lighting and air humidity.