初中英语 初中英语语法知识考查要点(4)-初中英语

６．句型 
(1) 宾语从句： 
由疑问代词或副词引出的宾语从句 
例： Could you tell me where the post office is? 
Could you tell me what he said? (what作said的宾语) 
由that引出的宾语从句 
例： They said that they would give me some help. (that 仅作引导词) 
　宾语从句中的疑问句要用陈述语序。 
例： He asked when we would leave home. 
(2) 状语从句： 
状语从句可包括：时间／地点／原因／结果／目的等状语从句。 
例：I will come when I am free. 
　　I’m late because my bike is broken. 
　　He went so early that he got a good seat. 
　　She studied hard so that she would pass the exam. 
　状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 
例： If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema. 
　表示在一长动作进行过程中某一动作突然发生则长动作要用进行时态，而突发性 动作要用一般时态。 
例： When I’m reading a book， the telephone rings. 
(3) 反意疑问句 
例： She can swim across the river, can’t she? 
It’s a fine day， isn’t it? 
Marry needs to have a rest, doesn’t she? 
You have nothing to do, do you? 
He seldom does homework， does he? 
Don’t open the door， will you? 
Open the door please， will you? 
Let us have a rest， will you? 
Let’s go, shall we? 
(4) 感叹句： 
例．　What a hot day it is！ 
How hot the weather is！ 
７．　不定式 
(1) 不定式在句中作宾语，状语： 
 例： It has begun to rain. 
I want to go to the cinema. 
(2) 不定式与疑问词连用： 
 例： I want to know how to work. 
 I want to know what to do. 
(3) 不定式的否定句： 
 例： He told me not to do it. 
④　省略to的不定式： 
 例： I saw him come this morning. 
　这样的动词有see, hear, watch等感官动词，及have(作让、使讲) make, let.