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初中英语 词序不同,意义有别-初中英语

来源: 2017-07-04 19:35

 

词序不同,意义有别

  在英语学习中,有些同学往往因为忽视了一些短语中单词的词序,而造成句子的误解或错解。本文拟对这类短语作一个简要归纳。

  1. a kind of / of a kind

  ( 1 ) a kind of 意为“一种;有点”。例如:

  He has a kind of suspicion.

  他有点怀疑。

  ( 2 ) of a kind 表示“同一种类的”,相当于“ of the same kind ”。例如:

  Things of a kind come together.

  物以类聚。

  2. as much / much as

  ( 1 ) as much 用作宾语,意为“一样多;同样”。例如:

  You have always helped me and I will always do as much to you.

  你总是帮助我,我也要帮助你。

  ( 2 ) much as 用来引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然;尽管”。例如:

  Much as I like it, I will not buy it.

  我虽然很喜欢那东西,却不想买它。

  3. at work / work at

  ( 1 ) at work 表示“(人)在工作;(机器)在运转;(因素)在起作用”。例如:

  His brother is at work now and won't be back until 6 o'clock.

  他的哥哥正在上班, 6 点钟才回来。

  The machine is at work smoothly.

  机器正在平稳地运转。

  ( 2 ) work at 意为“从事”。例如:

  He's working at a new invention.

  他正从事一项新发明。

  4. before long / long before

  ( 1 ) before long 的意义为“不久;不久以后”。句中的谓语动词可用现在、过去或将来时态。例如:

  Before long he had to move on again.

  不久他不得不继续搬迁。

  I hope to see you before long.

  我希望不久后见到你。

  ( 2 ) long before 意为“很久以前”。句中的谓语动词用过去或完成时态。例如:

  We heard of it long before.

  我们很早就听说过这件事。

  We've seen that film long before.

  我们早就看过那部电影了。

  5. call at / at call

  ( 1 ) call at 可表示“访问(某地);(车、船)停靠”。例如:

  Does this ship call at Naples?

  这艘船在那不勒斯靠岸吗?

  ( 2 ) at call 意为“随叫随到的;可以支付的”。例如:

  The doctors in our hospital are at call day and night.

  我们医院的医生随叫随到。

  The money is payable at call.

  这笔钱可随时支付。

  6. far from / from far

  ( 1 ) far from 可表示“(由近及远)远离;绝非”。例如:

  John's house is far from the town.

  约翰的家远离那个镇。

  Your work is far from ( being ) satisfactory.

  你的工作不能令人满意。

  ( 2 ) from far 表示“(由远及近)从远方”之意。例如:

  Has your uncle come from far?

  你叔叔是从远方来的吗?

  7. for good / good for

  ( 1 ) for good 意为“永远地;一劳永逸地”。例如:

  He hoped that the repairs would stop the leak for good.

  他希望修好后就永远不漏。

  ( 2 ) good for 意为“对……有用”。例如:

  Milk is good for children.

  喝牛奶对儿童有好处。

  8. if only / only if

  ( 1 ) if only 意为“要是……;但愿……”。一般表示强烈的愿望,句中的谓语动词多用虚拟语气。例如:

  If only you had told me about it!

  要是你把这事告诉我该多好呀!

  ( 2 ) only if 意为“只有……(才)”,强调惟一条件。例如:

  Only if you have been through such agony will you believe it.

  只有经历过这样的痛苦,你才会相信。

  9. in all / all in

  ( 1 ) in all 意为“总共;合计”,相当于 altogether .例如:

  There are 50 students in all in our class.

  我们班总共有 50 名学生。

  ( 2 ) all in 意为“筋疲力尽”,相当于 exhausted. 例如:

  By the time we got to the top of the mountain, we were all in.

  爬到山顶时,我们都累极了。

  10. in hand / hand in

  ( 1 ) in hand 意为“在手头;在进行中”。例如:

  We have enough data in hand.

  我们手头有足够的资料。

  The work is in hand, and will soon be completed.

  工作在进行中,很快就要完成。

  ( 2 ) hand in 意为“上交;提交”。例如:

  Your composition should be handed in after school.

  你的作文放学后交上来。

  11. in turn / turn in

  ( 1 ) in turn 意为“依次;轮流”。例如:

  Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.

  理论的基础是实践,反过来为实践服务。

  ( 2 ) turn in 意为“交出;上缴”。例如:

  You must turn in your equipment when you leave the army.

  你离开部队时必须把一切装备上缴。

  12. much too / too much

  ( 1 ) much too 相当于 too ,可用作副词词组,修饰形容词、副词,但不能修饰动词。例如:

  It is much too cold this morning.

  今天早上实在太冷了。

  You're going much too fast; slow down!

  你走得实在太快了,放慢些!

  ( 2 ) too much 相当于 much ,可用作形容词、名词和副词。用作副词时,通常修饰动词。例如:

  But too much snow can cause trouble.

  但雪太多会造成麻烦。

  We can't thank you too much.

  非常感谢你们。

  13. short for / for short

  ( 1 ) short for 意为“是……的简称(缩写)”。例如:

  Is Jim short for James?

  吉姆是詹姆斯的简称吗?

  ( 2 ) for short 则是“缩写;简称为……”之意。例如:

  His real name is Thomas, but we call him Tom for short.

  他的真名叫托马斯,而我们简称他为汤姆。

  14. such as / as such

  ( 1 ) such as 意为“例如;像……一样”。用来列举同类事物,其后接名词、代词或句子。例如:

  John likes to make furniture, such as chairs and tables.

  约翰喜欢做家具,例如椅子和桌子。

  ( 2 ) as such 意为“照此;以这种资格(身份);就其本身而言”。例如:

  He was a guest and was treated as such.

  他是客人,也确实像客人那样受到了款待。

  He didn't oppose the plan as such.

  就

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词序不同,意义有别

>计划本身来说,他并不反对。

 

 

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