初中英语英语句子的种类及练习

来源： 2017-06-04 15:20中

英语句子的种类及练习

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1．应特别注意掌握的简单句
   有介词的特殊疑问句
   在特殊问句中，作为介词宾语的疑问代词可以与介词分离，放在句首，而把介词放在句尾。如，
     Whom do you travel with?
当然，也可以把介词放在句首。总之，不要把介词丢掉。
有插入语的特殊疑问句
在特殊问句中，经常可以看到这样的句子：
Where do you think they may go?
    其中，do you think 是疑问式插入语，其余部分是think的宾语从句。注意，疑问式插入语同句子的其余部分不用逗号分开。疑问式插入语还有do you hope, do you guess 等。
在肯定句中也有插入语。如：
That man, I guess, is neither a policeman nor a soldier.
在肯定句的插入语要用逗号与句子的其他部分分开。去掉插入语，该句子仍然是个完整的句子。
    You’d better (not)… (do sth.) 这个说法常用于提出“劝告，建议，告戒”。比较委婉的有礼貌的说法是 Would you like …? 或 What about (doing)…?。如，
It’s too dark. You’d better leave at once.
I’m afraid (that) …
    I’m afraid (that) I can’t go with you today.
常用来委婉地表示自己的看法或预料一件令人不悦的事情。
2．并列句
   并列句的考查重点是并列连词。并列连词有and, or, but, both… and, neither… nor, either… or, not only… but also…等。
3．复合句
    复合句考查的主要内容是宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
① 宾语从句
宾语从句的考查要点是：时态的呼应、人称的一致、词序等。
A.宾语从句的连接词：
宾语从句本身是叙述句是，用that 引导。
He said (that) he would leave on March 12 next weeek.
宾语从句本身是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。
Do you know where we can find our teacher?
宾语从句本身是一般疑问句时，用if 或whether引导。
I don’t know if / whether he has done that.
B. 宾语从句与主句时态的呼应。
主句谓语是现在时和将来时的时候，宾语从句的动词时态不受影响。如，It is said that the panda was sent to America last month.
主句是过去时态，从句谓语要做适当调整：
a)    由现在时调整为过去时。
I didn’t know you were also here.
b)    由将来时调整为过去将来时
He said that he would go to Beijing the next week.
c)    过去时态多数不受影响，但“一般过去时”常调整为“过去完成时”，尤其是从句中有before, since 一类的时间状语时，多调整为“过去完成时”如：
She said she had worked at this school before her father came to this city.
② 状语从句。
状语从句有时间状语从句（常由when, while, before, after, until, as soon as等词引导）、地点状语从句（常有where 引导）、原因状语从句（常有because, since, as 引导，这三词所表达的语气由because到as逐渐减弱，由why提出的问题必须用because 来回答），条件状语从句（常由if引导）、结果状语从句（常由such … that…, so…that…, so that等引导）、让步状语从句（常由though， although引导）。
③另外，今年新加了一个定语从句，其考查内容主要是正确使用关系代词｛who（指人）、that（指人或物）、which（指物）｝ , etc. 定语从句一般紧跟在修饰词的后面，如：
She is the person who I want to see. 她就是我想见到的人。
有时，为了使句子平衡，也可把定语从句与所修饰词分开。同学们还记得这样一句话吗？Then a screen came up that read, “Congratulations!” 这是第三册第54课中的一个句子。
下面我们来看一些例子：
1.    The traveller was ___ tired that she couldn’t walk on.
A. so B. very   C. too   D. quite
答案：A
2.    Do you know ___ ten years ago?
A. where does he live   B. where he lives   C. where did he live
D. where he lived
答案：D
3.    He didn’t go home ___ he finished the work.
A. since   B. if   C. because   D. until
答案：D
4.    I was reading the newspaper ___ I heard a loud shout outside.
A. while   B. when   C. though   D. as
答案：B
5.    I don’t know the man ___ is cleaning the door.
A. that   B. where   C. what   D. who
答案：D
好，接下来大家自己做以下练习。
1.    I didn’t remember ___ the woman before.
A. where I had seen   B. where I have seen   C. where had I seen
D. where have I seen
答案：A
2.    It was raining heavily ___ we got to Paris.
A. while   B. if   C. when   D. because
答案：C
3.    The plane hasn’t arrived. Can you tell me ___?
A. what time is the plane late   B. why is the plane late
C. why the plane is late    D. what time the plane is late
答案：C
4.    I don’t know if ___tomorrow?
A. it doesn’t rain   B. the rain will stops   C. the rains won’t stop
D. it won’t rain
答案：D