本教程展示如何使用 XML 将代码存档。
教程
C# 提供一种机制，供开发人员使用 XML 将其代码存档。在源代码文件中，以下代码行可以作为注释处理并放在文件中：以 /// 开始的行；在用户定义的类型（如类、委托或接口）、某成员（如字段、事件、属性或方法）或某命名空间声明之前的行。
示例
下面的示例提供对某个已存档的类型的基本概述。若要编译该示例，请键入以下命令行：
csc XMLsample.cs /doc:XMLsample.xml
这将创建 XML 文件 XMLsample.xml，您可以在浏览器中或使用 TYPE 命令查看该文件。
// XMLsample.cs
// compile with: /doc:XMLsample.xml
using System;
/// <summary>
/// Class level summary documentation goes here.</summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Longer comments can be associated with a type or member
/// through the remarks tag</remarks>
public class SomeClass
{
/// <summary>
/// Store for the name property</summary>
private string myName = null;
/// <summary>
/// The class constructor. </summary>
public SomeClass()
{
// TODO: Add Constructor Logic here
}
/// <summary>
/// Name property </summary>
/// <value>
/// A value tag is used to describe the property value</value>
public string Name
{
get
{
if ( myName == null )
{
throw new Exception("Name is null");
}
return myName;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Description for SomeMethod.</summary>
/// <param name="s"> Parameter description for s goes here</param>
/// <seealso cref="String">
/// You can use the cref attribute on any tag to reference a type or member
/// and the compiler will check that the reference exists. </seealso>
public void SomeMethod(string s)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// Some other method. </summary>
/// <returns>
/// Return results are described through the returns tag.</returns>
/// <seealso cref="SomeMethod(string)">
/// Notice the use of the cref attribute to reference a specific method </seealso>
public int SomeOtherMethod()
{
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// The entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="args"> A list of command line arguments</param>
public static int Main(String[] args)
{
// TODO: Add code to start application here
return 0;
}
}
代码讨论
XML 文档以 /// 开头。创建新项目时，向导将为您放入一些起始 /// 行。对这些注释的处理有一些限制：
示例输出
以下是从上面的类生成的 XML 文件：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<doc>
<assembly>
<name>xmlsample</name>
</assembly>
<members>
<member name="T:SomeClass">
<summary>
Class level summary documentation goes here.</summary>
<remarks>
Longer comments can be associated with a type or member
through the remarks tag</remarks>
</mem
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ber>
<member name="F:SomeClass.myName">
<summary>
Store for the name property</summary>
</member>
<member name="M:SomeClass.#ctor">
<summary>The class constructor.</summary>
</member>
<member name="M:SomeClass.SomeMethod(System.String)">
<summary>
Description for SomeMethod.</summary>
<param name="s"> Parameter description for s goes here</param>
<seealso cref="T:System.String">
You can use the cref attribute on any tag to reference a type or member
and the compiler will check that the reference exists. </seealso>
</member>
<member name="M:SomeClass.SomeOtherMethod">
<summary>
Some other method. </summary>
<returns>
Return results are described through the returns tag.</returns>
<seealso cref="M:SomeClass.SomeMethod(System.String)">
Notice the use of the cref attribute to reference a specific method </seealso>
</member>
<member name="M:SomeClass.Main(System.String[])">
<summary>
The entry point for the application.
</summary>
<param name="args"> A list of command line arguments</param>
</member>
<member name="P:SomeClass.Name">
<summary>
Name property </summary>
<value>
A value tag is used to describe the property value</value>
</member>
</members>
</doc>
注意 XML 文件并不提供有关类型和成员的完整信息（例如，它不包含任何类型信息）。若要获得有关类型或成员的完整信息，文档文件必须与实际类型或成员上的反射一起使用。
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