Java基础:关于线程安全
线程安全的本质体现在两个方面,
A变量安全:多线程同时运行一段代码
B线程同步:一个线程还没执行完,另一个线程又进来接着执行。
看个简单的例子。
Java代码
public class ThreadSafe implements java.lang.Runnable {
int num = 1;
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
num = num + 1;
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("num is value +==="+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---------" + num);
}
}
}
TestMan.java 写道
package com.java.thread.test;
public class TestMan {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Runnable safe=new ThreadSafe();
Thread thread1=new Thread(safe,"thread1");
Thread thread2=new Thread(safe,"thread2");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
运行结果
num is value +===thread2---------3
num is value +===thread1---------4
num is value +===thread2---------5
num is value +===thread1---------6
num is value +===thread1---------7
num is value +===thread2---------7
很明显是错误的,应为两个线程共享同一个变量。这里就是变量的安全问题。
解决办法
1抛弃单实例,多线程的方式,用多实例,多线程的方式,这样就和单线程是一个样了,不会出错,但是是最接近传统的编程模式
2不要用类的实例变量,经可能把变量封装到方法内部。
1类的解决办法的代码。
Java代码
public class TestMan {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Runnable safe=new ThreadSafe();
Runnable safe2=new ThreadSafe();
Thread thread1=new Thread(safe,"thread1");
Thread thread2=new Thread(safe2,"thread2");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
运行结果
num is value +===thread1---------2
num is value +===thread2---------2
num is value +===thread1---------3
num is value +===thread2---------3
num is value +===thread1---------4
num is value +===thread2---------4
编辑推荐:
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