2020年军队职称英语综合类补全短文练习一

　　Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned1.Government bureaus，trade and travel associations，carriers and properties2 are all working together to bring about optimum3 conditions for travelers.

　　1 They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services，and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and in preparing effective advertising campaigns. They distribute materials to agencies，such as journals，brochures4 and advertising projects. 2

　　Tourist counselors give valuable seminars5 to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. 3

　　Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts,considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. 4　　5 Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers，and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours.All services must work together for greater efficiency，fair pricing and contented customers.

　　词汇：　　bureau n.局，部门 sponsor v.发起，赞助

　　agency n.(旅行)社 acquaint v.使熟悉

　　Car-rental n.汽车租赁 purchase n.购买

　　contented adj.满意的

　　注释：

　　1.concerned：concerned一词作定语时常常放在所修饰的词或短语的后面，表示“有关的”。例如：Everyone concerned must sign their names here.

　　2.carriers and properties：指运输公司和房地产公司。

　　3.optimum：形容词，意为“最佳的”。又如：an optimum temperature for this kind of flower:适合这种花生长的最佳温度

　　4.brochure：指具有宣传性质的小册子

　　5.seminar：研讨会

　　6.conversely：相反地，反过来说。又如：The teacher gave the students knowledge，and conversely，the students offered the teacher their warmest gratitude.

　　练习：

　　A The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers，including car-rental and sight-seeing services.

　　B They offer familiarization and workshop tours so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.

　　C Travel operators，specialists in the field of planning，sponsor extensive research programs.

　　D As a result of teamwork，tourism is flouring in all countries.

　　E Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels，and，conversely6，hotels rely upon agencies，

　　to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.

　　F In this way agents learn to explain destinations and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel—planes，ships，trains，motorcoaches ，car-rentals，and even car purchases.

　　答案：1.C 2.B 3.F 4.E 5.A

　　What is a Profit

　　Entrepreneurship is directly responsible for production. The business person (entrepreneur) takes a cue from consumers in deciding what they want - or, in the case of a new product, __1__.

　　Profit means different things to different people. According to some public opinion polls, many people are not sure what it is, but they are sure __2__. Workers may look at profit as an unfairly large payment to the entrepreneur that deprives them of a higher wage. The business person thinks of profit __3__. During negotiations before the settlement of the second baseball strike in August, 1985, the Players’ Association claimed the owners had made profits of $91 million, an accounting firm said owner profits were $43 million, and the owners insisted they had lost $9 million. The truth was that all three were correct. The disparity in the figures was due to the fact that each group was defining profit differently. Let us now see if we can develop a more exact definition of what profit is.

　　Gross profit is the difference between what a business firm sells its product for and what it costs to produce that product. The merchant buys $200,000 worth of merchandise during the year and sells it for $270,000. His gross profit is $70,000. The percentage difference between his cost and the selling price is 35 percent, and he calls this markup.

　　Net profit is __4__--rent, wages, and interest-and setting aside money to allow for the loss due to depreciation (wearing out) of capital. Our merchant has to subtract from his gross profit his payments for rent ($6,000), wages ($20,000), interest on money borrowed ($1,000), repairs and upkeep ($1,000), taxes ($1,000), electricity and other expenses $1,000. Expenses for operating the business come to $30,000. Gross profit is $70,000, and net profit is $40,000.

　　Economists have a narrower definition of what constitutes profit. They are concerned with payment for all the resources that have gone into production, __5__, like those listed above, or from inside the business.

　　Exercise:

　　A what profit really means

　　B it is too large and represents too much of the consumer’s dollar

　　C whether they come from outside the business

　　D as the difference between total revenue and total cost

　　E what the business person has left after paying expenses

　　F what they might want

　　答案: DBECA