2020年军队职称英语《综合类》完形填空考前模拟练习一

　　The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people's and nation's wants.

　　The problem we are faced with is that our resources, here identified as money, are __1__. The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices. After looking at our resources, we must examine our list of __2__ and identify the things we need immediately, those we can postpone, and __3__ we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics-deciding just how to allocate our limited our limited resources to provide __4__ with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.

　　Nations face the same problem. As a country's population ___5__, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase, but there __6__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room, in the conference room of the corporation __7__ of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still exists. We need to find __8__ of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.

　　A short time ago economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, like air and water, were in __9__ abundance that economists had no concern for them. After all, economics is the __10__ of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these "free goods" are __11__ very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers' extra costs, and __12__ taxpayers who pay for the government's involvement in cleaning the environment.

　　In the 1990s, almost all goods are __13__. Only by effort and money __14__ obtained in the form people wish.

　　Meeting needs of people and the demands from resource available __15__ the basic activity of production. In trying to meet unlimited wants from limited economic goods, production leads to new problems in economics.

　　EXERCISE:

　　1. A) limited B) unlimited C) scarcity D) abundant

　　2. A) want B) problem C) wants D) resources

　　3. A) those B) some C) others D) many

　　4. A) them B) themselves C) ourselves D) ours

　　5. A) expand B) extends C) grows D) increase

　　6. A) always B) sometimes C) often D) never

　　7. A) management B) function C) board D) group

　　8. A) people B) economists C ) way D) methods

　　9. A) so B) great C) such D) such an

　　10. A) form B) study C) means D) source

　　11. A) practically B) in practice C)in reality D) practicably

　　12. A) the B) / C) for D) with

　　13. A) plentiful B) scarce C) abundant D) in full supply

　　14. A) they can be B) can they be C) they must be D) must they be

　　15. A) are led to B) leads C) lead to D) leads to

　　答案:

　　A C A C C D C D C B C C B B D

　　Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found

　　The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their ______1______. Two million people die ______2______ it. The disease has ______3______ with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.

　　Current treatments take at least six months. People have to ______4______ a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop ______5______ they feel better. Doing that can _______6______ to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how _______7______it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients _______8_____. It would also mean ______9______infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.

　　The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They ______10______the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might ______11______about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these ______12_____would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.

　　The World Health Organization ______13______the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make ______14______they continue treatment.

　　Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research ______15______new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.

　　1. A) kidneys B) lungs C) bones D) livers

　　2. A) with B) without C) of D) out of

　　3. A) increased B) decreased C) changed D) disappeared

　　4. A) make B) take C) try D) test

　　5. A) as if B) as though C) as far as D) as soon as

　　6. A) refer B) apply C) lead D) amount

　　7. A) effective B) ineffective C) expensive D) inexpensive

　　8. A) cured B) to cure C) being cured D) having been cured

　　9. A) many B) more C) few D) fewer

　　10. A) provided B) introduced C) tested D) tempted

　　11. A) bring about B) contributed to C) promote D) prevent

　　12. A) increases B) reductions C) creations D) collections

　　13. A) developed B) invented C) delayed D) refused

　　14. A) easy B) uneasy C) sure D) unsure

　　15. A) with B) to C) onto D) into

　　答案：BCABD CAACC DBBCD

　　Can Loud Music Cause Hearing Impairment(损伤)?

　　Have You ever gone to a concert and realized that your seats were right next to the booming speakers? Are you guilty__________ (1).turning up the volume on your portable cassette or CD player to drown out the whining(哭哭啼啼)of your little brother? Sometimes it’s difficult to avoid loud music or noises，but they can be bad news because loud noises can__________ (2)temporary or permanent hearing loss.

　　Extremely loud music and noises that go on for long periods of __________ (3) are common causes of deafness.If a noise is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself__________ (4)，there is a __________ (5)that the mechanism inside your ear can be injured Temporary hearing loss can happen after you’ve been __________ (6)to loud noise for only 1 minutes.If you have temporary hearing loss.you won’t be able to hear as __________ (7) as you normally can，and you may have tinnitus (耳鸣)，which is a fancy word for ringing in the ears.Your ears call feel“full”，too __________ (8) these things usually go away and your hearing soon returns to normal.

　　Permanent hearing loss can happen when，someone is exposed to loud noise__________ (9)and over.Construction workers and people who work in factories must__________10)ear protectors because the equipment they use can be extremely loud.But even some lawn mowers(割草机)and power tools can permanently __________ (11) a person’s ability to hear high-pitched noises and can also give him permanent tinnitus.Listening to extremely loud music over and over call also have the same effect on a person’s __________ (12).And using headphones on a portable cassette or CD player can be dangerous __________ (13)if the volume is too high and the headphones are used a lot，the noise can damage the ears.

　　The best way to avoid hearing loss is to wear eat protectors when working with machinery and earplugs when going to a__________ (14).Headphones are OK to wear when you’re listening to music;just be sure the volume isn’t too high，and give them a rest __________(15) once in a while.

　　1 A of B for C at D on―

　　2 A have B take C cause D tap

　　3 A course B length C state D time

　　4 A heard B appreciated C tracked D welcomed

　　5 A luck B point C chance D sense

　　6 A exposed B expressedC carried D reflected

　　7 A good B well C regularly D stable

　　8 A Unfortunately B Accordingly C Luckily D Unexpectedly

　　9 A over B once C again D away

　　10 A hear B bear C wear D tear

　　11 A affect B effect C enforce D present

　　12 A scope B attitude C survey D hearing

　　13 A whereas B although C because D unless

　　14 A concert B factory C meting D mall

　　15 A each B every C all D for

　　1 A “to be guilty of,’是固定搭配，表示“有……之过”的意思。

　　2 C 根据上下文，此处应选表示“引起”之意的词语。

　　3 D 表示“长时间”应用“long period softime”。

　　4 A “只有高声喊叫才能”之后显然应选“被人听到”。

　　5 C 句子要表达的意思是，如果只有高声喊叫才能被人听到，那么就有耳内机制受损的可能。

　　6 A 要表达“暴露于”或者是“接受了”的意思，应选“exposed to"。

　　7 B 要表达“听力不如原来好”，此处应选能修饰动词“hear"’而又表示“好”的副词。

　　8 C 因为接下来讲的是：这些毛病通常会消失，而你的听力很快也会恢复正常，所以这是件幸运之事。

　　9 A “over and over”是固定搭配，表示“不断”的意思。

　　10 C 根据上下文，此处应选表示“戴”之意的词语。全句的意思是：建筑工人和在工厂里工作的人们必须戴护耳器，因为他们所使用的设备会产生巨大的噪音。

　　11 A 根据上下旬，此处应选表示“影响”之意的词语。全句的意思是：然而，即使是一些割草和电动工具也会对人听高音的能力产生永久性的影响，并且也有可能给他造成永久性的耳鸣。.

　　12 D 前一句讲的是噪音对听力的影响。句子所讲的是反复收听高音量的音乐会对听力产生同样的影响。

　　13 C 空格所填的词连接着一个主句和一个从句，而从句表示的又是主句的原因，因此不难做出选择。

　　14 A 文章最后一段是对前面所谈到内容的总结。前面分别提到了器械与音乐所产生的噪音，而此旬已经提及器械，因此接下来要选的应是与音乐有关的，即音乐会。

　　15 B 文章最后一句的意思是：听音乐时戴耳机是可以的，只是一定要确保音量不要太高，并且每过一段时间想着把耳机摘下来休息休息耳朵。“once in a while”是固定搭配，表示“偶尔，有时”的意思。