2020年军队职称英语卫生类A级概括大意模拟练习(2)

　　Health Education

　　1　Health education is the part of health care that is concerned with promoting healthy behavior. A person‘s behavior may be the main cause of a health problem， but it can also be the main solution. This is true for the teenager who smokes， the mother with the poorly nourished (营养) child， and the butcher (屠夫，卖肉的人) who gets a cut on his finger. By changing their behavior these individuals can solve and prevent many of their own problems.

　　2　Health education does not replace other health services， but it is needed to promote the proper use of these services. One example of this is immunization (免疫)： scientists have made many vaccines (疫苗) to prevent diseases， but this achievement is of no value unless people go to receive the immunization.

　　3　Health education encourages behavior that promotes health， prevents illness， cures disease， and contributes to recovery. The needs and interests of individuals， families， groups， organizations， and communities are at the heart of health education programs. Thus there are many opportunities for practicing health education.

　　4　Health education is not the same thing as health information. Correct information is certainly a basic part of health education， but health education must also address the other factors that affect health behavior such as availability (可获性) of resources， effectiveness of community leadership， social support from family members， and levels of self-help skills. Health education therefore uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situations and choose actions that will improve their health. Health education is incomplete unless it encourages involvement and choice by the people themselves.

　　5　Also， in health education we do not blame people if they do not behave in a healthy way. Often unhealthy behavior is not the fault of the individual. In health education we must work with families， communities， and even regional and national authorities to make sure that resources and support are available to enable each individual to lead a healthy life.

　　1　Paragraph 2_______________.

　　2　Paragraph 3_______________.

　　3　Paragraph 4_______________.

　　4　Paragraph 5_______________.

　　A　Addressing a Variety of Behavior-affecting Factors

　　B　Importance of Immunization

　　C　Relationship with Other Health Services

　　D　Creation of Necessary Conditions for Healthy Behavior

　　E　Encouraging Unhealthy Behavior

　　F　Encouragement of Behavior Good for Your Health

　　5　Promoting healthy behavior is the goal of_______________.

　　6　Immunization helps to_______________.

　　7　Health education cannot take the place of_______________.

　　8　Individuals should be provided with necessary conditions for_______________.

　　A　many vaccines

　　B　prevent diseases

　　C　health education

　　D　healthy behavior

　　E　change unhealthy behavior

　　F　other health services

　　答案：

　　23. C　 24. F　 25. A　 26. D　 27. C 　28. B　 29. F　 30. D

　　1 Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.

　　2 These are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upward from 6.0.

　　3 The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth's surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth's crust and continental drift.

　　4 In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake.

　　5 Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before earthquakes happen.

　　A. Earthquakes forecast

　　B. Historical records of earthquakes

　　C. Intensities of earthquakes

　　D. Cause of earthquakes

　　E. Indications of earthquakes

　　F. Damaging earthquakes

　　5. Not all damage during an earthquake is caused by____________.

　　6. Not all earthquakes are strong enough to cause ___________.

　　7. Scientists have been working hard to warn people of ____________.

　　8. Earthquakes can be predicted by observing ______________.

　　A. the quake itself

　　B. accurate prediction

　　C. damage of property and loss of lives

　　D. a possible earthquake

　　E. the unusual behaviors of some animals

　　F. the strong behaviors of human beings

　　参考答案：C D A E A C D E

　　答案解析：

　　1.C.解题思路：抓住句中用词特点：该段的第3句中包含intensity(强度)一词，而且段中提到的也是震级强度数字。”

　　2.D.解题思路：段首句中提到了cause及reasons。

　　3.A.解题思路：段首句中有prediction (预报)，indicate(显示)对应A中的forecast(预报)。

　　4.E. 解题思路：段首句中的phenomena(现象)对应E中的 indications(迹象)。

　　5.A.该题可直接借助句意判断答案。也可以借助原文：利用“cause”一词判断，该句可能在涉及到地震损坏的语句中，于是在第1段的第3句中找到答案相关句，确认答案。

　　Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself.

　　6.C. 该句也可直接借助句意判断答案。如果借助原文：利用“strong, cause”作为答案线索词，查看全文似乎并没有直接涉及到这样词语的句子，但我们在第2段发现“Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive.”，结合该句的句意判断答案为C。

　　7.D.该句也可直接借助句意判断答案。如果借助原文：利用“warn, scientists” 作为答案线索词，查看全文， 在第4段中找到答案相关句：In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. 确认答案。

　　8.E.根据常识人类的行为变化跟地震没关系，所以不选F。如果借助原文：利用“observe” 作为答案线索词，查看全文，在最后一段中找到答案相关句Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc.