2020年军队职称英语考试综合类补全短文专项练习

　　The Building of the Pyramids

　　The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems like that _____(1)_____. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramid and the "Bent" pyramid.

　　Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, ____(2)____. The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape _____(3)_____. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever.

　　It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids_____(4)____. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.

　　One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning_____(5)_____. The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to b overcome.

　　EXERCISE:

　　A. for stone to use in modern buildings

　　B. has made them less likely to fall into ruin

　　C. before they could begin to build

　　D. because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved

　　E. while building the pyramids

　　F. they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet

　　答案:FABDC

　　Development in Newspaper Organization

　　One of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century ______(1)_______, which are known as wire services. Wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue _______(2)________. Today the major wire services are the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.

　　Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or more newspapers _______(3)______. A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and _______(4)______. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. Papers have combined ________(5)_______. Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry.

　　A. to play an important role in newspaper operations

　　B. was the growth of telegraph services

　　C. and they usually enjoy great prestige

　　D. they are usually operated by a single owner

　　E. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs

　　F. owned by a single person or organization

　　答案: BAFDE

　　Bedwetting (尿床)

　　Millions of kids and teenagers from every part of the world wet the bed every single night. It’s so common that there are probably other kids in your class who do it. Most kids don’t tell their friends, so it’s easy to feel kind of alone, like you might be the only one on the whole planet who wets the bed. ___1___.

　　The fancy name for bedwetting is nocturnal enuresis. Enuresis runs in families. This means that if you urinate, or pee, while you are asleep, there’s a good chance that a close relative also did it when he or she was a kid. __2__.

　　The most important thing to remember is that no one wets the bed on purpose. It doesn’t mean that you’re lazy or a slob. __3__. For some reason, kids who wet the bed are not able to feel that their bladders is full and don’t wake up to pee in the toilet. Sometimes a kid who wets the bed will have a realistic dream that he’s in the bathroom peeing ? only to wake up later and discover he’s all wet. May kids who wet the bed are very deep sleepers. ___4___.

　　Some kids who wet the bed do it every single night. Others wet some nights and are dry on others. A lot of kids say that they seem to be drier when they sleep at a friend’s or a relative’s house. __5__. So the brain may be thinking, “Hey, Don’t wet someone else’s bed! ” This can help you stay dry if you’re not aware of it.

　　A. The good news is that almost all kids who wet the bed eventually stop.

　　B. Trying to wake up someone who wets the bed is often like trying to wake a log―they just stay asleep.

　　C. It’s something you can’t help doing.

　　D. just like you may have inherited your mom’s blue eyes or your uncles’ long legs, you probably inherited bedwetting, too.

　　E. That’s because kids who are anxious about wetting the bed may no sleep much or only very lightly.

　　F. But you are not alone.

　　参考答案：

　　1F　2D　3C　4B　5E

　　Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancel However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife,Evelyn,who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage. __________.(46)

　　No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless,doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke. from other people’s cigarettes.__________ (47)The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.

　　The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past.scientists did not也ink that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker’s health. __________ (48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic(有毒的)chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact,almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not.For example,we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It iS even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke.__________ (49)Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke

　　People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke. __________ (50)

　　A Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.

　　B The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.

　　C 111is smoke is called secondhand smoke.

　　D However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.

　　E As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places. .

　　F In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

　　答案解析

　　46 B 前一句主要讲的是,Gilson与妻子Evelyn生活在一起,而Evelyn自打他们结婚以来一直是差不多每天一包烟。接下来显然应选表示他们结婚年限的句子。

　　47 C 前一句提到,不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟,接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。

　　48 A 前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法,接下来应选表示他们改变观点的句子,因为下一句表明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。

　　49 F 前一句提到了儿童与二手烟的问题。接下来的句子自然仍然与儿童有关。

　　50 E 前一句讲的是人们逐渐意识到二手烟的危害性,因此接下来应首选表示人们采取措施,禁止公共场所吸烟的句子。