2021军队职称英语考试词汇:构词法(2)
2.派生:通过加前缀或后缀构成另一个词:
(1)前缀一般不造成词类的转变,而只是引起意思上的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词:
前缀
意思
例词
un-
不
做相反动作
unhappy uncomfortable
undress undo
dis-
不
做相反动作
dislike disagree
disinfect disconnect
in-
不
informal inconvenient
im-
不
impolite impossible
non-
不
non-existent nonconductor
还有一些表示其他意思的前缀:
前缀
意思
例词
re-
重新
retell rewrite
co-
共同
co-exist co-operate
super-
超级,上层
supermarket superman
sub-
下面的
subway subdivide
inter-
之间的,相互
international interact
(2)构成名词的后缀常用的有:
后缀
例词
-er
thinker teacher
-or
actor sailor
-ee
employee trustee
-ess
actress waitress
-ness
illness happiness
-(a)tion
preparation dictation
-ment
movement government
-ing
building painting
-ship
leadership friendship
-hood
childhood motherhood
(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有:
后缀
例词
-ful
useful cheerful
-less
careless homeless
-ish
childish selfish
-ive
active collective
-able
acceptable agreeable
-ible
sensible responsible
-al
critical exceptional
-ous
famous continuous
-ic
realistic historic
-en
golden wooden
(1)前缀一般不造成词类的转变,而只是引起意思上的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词:
前缀
意思
例词
un-
不
做相反动作
unhappy uncomfortable
undress undo
dis-
不
做相反动作
dislike disagree
disinfect disconnect
in-
不
informal inconvenient
im-
不
impolite impossible
non-
不
non-existent nonconductor
还有一些表示其他意思的前缀:
前缀
意思
例词
re-
重新
retell rewrite
co-
共同
co-exist co-operate
super-
超级,上层
supermarket superman
sub-
下面的
subway subdivide
inter-
之间的,相互
international interact
(2)构成名词的后缀常用的有:
后缀
例词
-er
thinker teacher
-or
actor sailor
-ee
employee trustee
-ess
actress waitress
-ness
illness happiness
-(a)tion
preparation dictation
-ment
movement government
-ing
building painting
-ship
leadership friendship
-hood
childhood motherhood
(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有:
后缀
例词
-ful
useful cheerful
-less
careless homeless
-ish
childish selfish
-ive
active collective
-able
acceptable agreeable
-ible
sensible responsible
-al
critical exceptional
-ous
famous continuous
-ic
realistic historic
-en
golden wooden
编辑推荐:
下载Word文档
温馨提示:因考试政策、内容不断变化与调整,长理培训网站提供的以上信息仅供参考,如有异议,请考生以权威部门公布的内容为准! (责任编辑:长理培训)
点击加载更多评论>>