全国军队职称英语考试常用语法解析(2)
二.五个基本句型
根据动词的特性,构成英语中五个基本句型:
1)主语+系动词+表语
2)主语+不及物动词(+其他成分)
3)主语+及物动词+宾语
4)主语+及物动词+双宾语
5)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
我们在学习5个基本句型时,主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。
(一)第一句型:主语+系动词+表语
1)系动词一般为be动词。
注意:look,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,become,come,go,turn,grow,keep,seem,stand等词可以作"半系动词"用,按行为动词方式变化,起系动词的作用。
试验比较:
——He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。——feel为行为动词)
——You look pale.Do you feel unwell?(你脸色苍白,感到不舒服?——look/feel为系动词)
一般来说,动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词,该动词为系动词,如:The plan sounds perfect./The flower smells nice./The dish tastes delicious./It is getting dark.
实例:
"Don't worry.Let me take your pulse first.""Oh,it ______ normal."(脉搏正常)
A.is felt
B.is feeling
C.feels
D.felt
解题思路:normal为形容词,前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态,故A不对;look,feel,sound,taste,smell,seem等半系动词一般不用进行时,B也不对;D时态错了,故正确答案为C.
2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型:there是引导词,不解释"那里";这是个倒装句,主语在be动词的后面,be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。
注意中国学生容易搞错的问题:
There isn't enough furniture in the room.(房间里家具不够)
错:There hasn't enough furniture in the room.
There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.(毫无疑问,中国已消灭天花。)
错:It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.(充分证据表明,爱滋病正在亚洲迅速蔓延。——同位语从句)
错:It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.(可以:It is evident that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.-主语从句)
根据动词的特性,构成英语中五个基本句型:
1)主语+系动词+表语
2)主语+不及物动词(+其他成分)
3)主语+及物动词+宾语
4)主语+及物动词+双宾语
5)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
我们在学习5个基本句型时,主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。
(一)第一句型:主语+系动词+表语
1)系动词一般为be动词。
注意:look,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,become,come,go,turn,grow,keep,seem,stand等词可以作"半系动词"用,按行为动词方式变化,起系动词的作用。
试验比较:
——He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。——feel为行为动词)
——You look pale.Do you feel unwell?(你脸色苍白,感到不舒服?——look/feel为系动词)
一般来说,动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词,该动词为系动词,如:The plan sounds perfect./The flower smells nice./The dish tastes delicious./It is getting dark.
实例:
"Don't worry.Let me take your pulse first.""Oh,it ______ normal."(脉搏正常)
A.is felt
B.is feeling
C.feels
D.felt
解题思路:normal为形容词,前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态,故A不对;look,feel,sound,taste,smell,seem等半系动词一般不用进行时,B也不对;D时态错了,故正确答案为C.
2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型:there是引导词,不解释"那里";这是个倒装句,主语在be动词的后面,be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。
注意中国学生容易搞错的问题:
There isn't enough furniture in the room.(房间里家具不够)
错:There hasn't enough furniture in the room.
There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.(毫无疑问,中国已消灭天花。)
错:It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.(充分证据表明,爱滋病正在亚洲迅速蔓延。——同位语从句)
错:It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.(可以:It is evident that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.-主语从句)
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