全国军队职称英语语法知识点汇总(5)
(五)第五句型:主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
先回顾一下本讲第一节中有关宾语和宾语补足语的概念。
这个句型也是考试的重点,主要有三个难点:
1)要不要"to"的问题:
The director wants you to come right now.(主任要你马上就来。)
句中to come是宾语you的补足语。也就是说,当宾语补足语是动词时,一般要用"to"连接。但是,以下情况例外:
make,let,have等使役动词,如:
Shall I have him come here?(要我叫他来吗?)
I won't have him cheat me.(否定式,表示"容许":我决不容许他欺骗我)
上述句型变为被动语态时,一般要加"to",如:
The nurse made the patient eat something.(护士让病人吃了点东西。)
→The patient was made to eat something.
有时,宾语补足语也可用-ing形式,如:
His joke made us laughing for a couple of minutes.(他的笑话使我们笑了几分钟。-注意后面的时间状语for a couple of minutes)
记住下面重要表达方式:
to have/get(something)done,如:
I am going to have(get)my watch repaired.(我去修一下表。)
n see,hear,notice,observe,watch,look at,listen to等感觉动词:
使用原则与上述大致相同。
2)要不要"it"的问题:
先看两个句子:We sometimes find it difficult to get rid of a bad habit.(有时我们发现要改掉一个坏习惯很难。)该句的原始结构可理解为:We sometimes find(to get rid of a bad habit)difficult.括号部分(动词不定式)为宾语,difficult为宾语补足语
The doctor has made it clear to you that there is nothing wrong with your stomach.(医生已经跟你说得很清楚了,你的胃没有什么问题。)该句的原始结构可理解为:The doctor has made(there is nothing wrong with your stomach)clear.括号部分(句子)为宾语,clear为宾语补足语。
先回顾一下本讲第一节中有关宾语和宾语补足语的概念。
这个句型也是考试的重点,主要有三个难点:
1)要不要"to"的问题:
The director wants you to come right now.(主任要你马上就来。)
句中to come是宾语you的补足语。也就是说,当宾语补足语是动词时,一般要用"to"连接。但是,以下情况例外:
make,let,have等使役动词,如:
Shall I have him come here?(要我叫他来吗?)
I won't have him cheat me.(否定式,表示"容许":我决不容许他欺骗我)
上述句型变为被动语态时,一般要加"to",如:
The nurse made the patient eat something.(护士让病人吃了点东西。)
→The patient was made to eat something.
有时,宾语补足语也可用-ing形式,如:
His joke made us laughing for a couple of minutes.(他的笑话使我们笑了几分钟。-注意后面的时间状语for a couple of minutes)
记住下面重要表达方式:
to have/get(something)done,如:
I am going to have(get)my watch repaired.(我去修一下表。)
n see,hear,notice,observe,watch,look at,listen to等感觉动词:
使用原则与上述大致相同。
2)要不要"it"的问题:
先看两个句子:We sometimes find it difficult to get rid of a bad habit.(有时我们发现要改掉一个坏习惯很难。)该句的原始结构可理解为:We sometimes find(to get rid of a bad habit)difficult.括号部分(动词不定式)为宾语,difficult为宾语补足语
The doctor has made it clear to you that there is nothing wrong with your stomach.(医生已经跟你说得很清楚了,你的胃没有什么问题。)该句的原始结构可理解为:The doctor has made(there is nothing wrong with your stomach)clear.括号部分(句子)为宾语,clear为宾语补足语。
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