英语:词汇分类讲解:指示代词的用法
指示代词的用法
(1)指示代词this,these往往在指时间上或空间上较近的人或物;that,those可指时间上或空间上较远的人或物。
This is my friend Charlie Brown.(近指)
这是我的朋友查理·布朗。
This gift is for you and that one is for your brother.(this近指,that远指)
这件礼物是你的,那件是你弟弟的。
I love these books but I don't like those.(these近指,those远指)
我喜欢这些书,但不喜欢那些。
(2)that,those常常用来代替已提到过的名词,以避免重复。
The computers work faster than those we bought last year.
这些计算机比我们去年买的运行速度快。
The life in the country is more peaceful than that in the city.
乡村的生活比城市的生活要安静。
注意:
上文提到的事物,英语中常用that或those表示,而汉语却常用“这”表示。
I had a bad cold.That was why I didn't go to school.
我感冒了,这是我为什么没上学的原因。
Those are the VCDs you want.
这就是你要的影碟。
(3)在“those who/which/that...或 those people who,those things which/that...”句型中who/which引导的定语从句说明those的范围。
Those (students) who do not want to go can stay.
不想去的(学生)可以留下来。
I have read those books which/that I borrowed.
我已经读完了我所借的书。
注意:
在those (...) who/which...中those 不可用these替代。
(4)当所指的事物已确定时,后面的指示代词指人时须用he,she或they替代,指物时须用it或they替代。
—Are the books yours?
—Yes,they are.
-这些书是你的吗?
-是的,正是。
That is your mistake,isn't it?
那是你的错,不是吗?
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