The vehicle's electrical system consists of several subsystems（smaller circuits）：ignition system, starting system，charging system and lighting system. Each sub-systemis designed to perform a specific function, such as fire the spark plugs to ignite theengine's fuel mixture, rotate the crankshaft to start the engine，illuminate the highway forsafe night driving，etc.
．An ignition system is needed on gasoline engines to ignite the air-fuel mixture. Itproduces an extremely high voltage to operate the spark plugs，which can fire air-fuel mixture at the correct time，thus to produce power.
．The starting system has a powerful electric starting motor that rotates the enginecrankshaft until the engine fires and runs on its own power.
．The charging system is needed to replace electrical energy drawn from the batteryduring starting systems operation. To re-energize the battery, the charging systemforces electric current back into the battery.
．The lighting system consists of the components that operate a vehicle's interiorand exterior lights (fuses，wires，switches，relays，etc)．
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