2018年公共英语考试三级阅读理解冲刺卷 下

 　"We are not about to enter the Information Age, but instead are rather well into it. " Present predictions are that by 1990, about thirty million jobs in the United States, or about thirty percent of the job market, will be computer-related. In 1980, only twenty-one percent of all American high schools owned one or two computers for student use. In the fall of 1985, a new study showed that half of United States secondary schools have fifteen or more computers for student use. And now educational experts, administrators, and even the general public are demanding that all students become "computer-literate". By the year 2000 knowledge of computers will be necessary in over eighty percent of all occupations. Soon those people not educated in computer use will be compared to those who are print-illiterate today.

　　What is "computer literacy"? The term itself seems to imply some degree of "knowing" about computers, but knowing what? The present opinion seems to be that this should include a general knowledge, of what computers are, plus a little of their history and something of how they operate.

　　Therefore, it is important that educators everywhere take a careful look not only at what is being done, but also at what should be done in the field of computer education. Today most adults are able to use a motor car without the slightest knowledge of how the internal combustion engine (内燃机) works. We effectively use 'all types of electrical equipment without being able to tell their histories or to explain how they work.

　　Business people for years have made good use of typewriters and adding machines, yet few have ever known how to .repair them. Why, then, attempt to teach computers by teaching how or why they work?

　　Rather, we first must fix our mind on teaching the effective use of the computer as the tool is.

　　"Knowing how to use a computer is what' s going to be important. We don' t talk about ' automobile literacy'. We just get in our cars and drive them. "

　　31. In 1990, the number of jobs having nothing to do with computers in the United States will be reduced to

　　A. 79 million B. 100 million C. 30 million D. 70 million

　　32. The underlined part "print-illiterate" in the text refers to

　　A. one who has never learnt printing

　　B. one who has never learnt to read

　　C. one who is not a computer literate

　　D. one who is not able to use a typewriter

　　33. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

　　A. Recent predictions of computer-related jobs.

　　B. The wide of computers in schools.

　　C. The urgency of computers education.

　　D. Public interest in computers.

　　34. According to the author, the effective way to spread the use of computers is to teach

　　A. how to use computers

　　B. what computers use

　　C. where computers can be used

　　D. how computers work

　　35. From the text, we can infer that

　　A. computers will be easy to operate

　　B. automobile will be move comfortable

　　C. illiteracy rate will be down

　　D. computers will be set in automobiles

    参考译文

　　"我们不是即将进入信息时代，而是置身其中感觉良好。"目前的预测是，到l990年，在美国大约3000万的工作或大约30%的工作市场将和电脑相关。l980年，所有美国高中只有21%的学校拥有一台或两台.供学生用的电脑。而在1985年秋季，一项新的研究表明，美国一半的中等学校拥有十五台或更多的供学生用的电脑。现在教育专家、行政人员、甚至普通大众正要求所有学生会使用电脑。到2000年电脑知识将在超过80%的职业中成为必然要求。很快那些不会使用电脑的人将会被比作今日的"文盲"。

　　"电脑读写能力"是什么?这个术语本身暗示某种程度上与电脑有关，但是知道什么呢?时下的观点好像是，它应该包括对电脑是什么有个大概的了解，另外知道一些电脑的历史以及知道电脑运行方面的一些知识。

　　因此，每个地方的教育者不仅要留心观察正在做的事情，而且要注意在电脑教育领域什么应该做。如今，大部分成年人在几乎浑然不知内燃机如何运作的情况下能够驾驶一辆摩托车。在无法讲出它们的历史

　　或解释它们怎样工作的情况下，我们也能够有效地使用各种电器设备。

　　生意人已经充分利用打字机和加法机很多年了，但几乎没人知道怎样维修它们。那么为什么教电脑要通过教它们内部构造以及为什么工作呢?

　　更确切地说，首先我们必须把注意力放在教授电脑的有效使用上，正如工具一般。

　　"知道怎样使用电脑将会变得重要。我们不是在讨论'汽车读写能力'：我们只需上车驾驶便是。"

　　答案及解析

　　31.D【解析】事实细节题。根据"…present predictions are that by 1990，about tliny million jobs in the United States，or about thirty percent of the job market，will be computer-related"(据1990年的预测，美国的三千万份工作，约占所有工作的30%，会和电脑相关)。所以此题选择D。

　　32.D【解析】事实细节题。根据"Soon those people not educated in computer use will be compared to those who are print-illiterate today"可知不懂电脑的人将会比作今日的"打字文盲"，所以此题选择D。

　　33.C【解析】主旨大意题。阅读第一段可知信息时代电脑必不可少，不懂电脑相当于"文盲"，从而呼吁加强电脑教育。所以此题选择C。

　　34.A【解析】推理判断题。第三、四段中以现代人会骑摩托车和生意人学用打印机为例，告诉了我们学习电脑的最有效方法就是学会如何使用电脑，所以此题选择A。

　　35.A【解析】推理判断题。根据"Knowing how to use a computer is what's going to be important.We don't talk about automobile literacy.We iust get in our cars and drive them"(知道如何使用电脑是很重要的…就像我们坐在车里开车一样)，由此可知学会操作电脑也不是很难的，所以此题选择A。