2018年公共英语考试三级阅读理解冲刺卷(16)

 　　The cohesiveness(内聚力 ) of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine prac- tices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours--what we here call "shift work"--makes the lives of families difficult.

　　Existing re.search shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do "whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage,in- cluding sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed, even when wives worked outside their homes, a proper marriage is character- ized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to sup- port the family ;wives arc "homemakers" who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children.

　　The women's definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife's response:

　　I expect him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me,expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speak- ing, wben it' s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.To husbands,a good wife is someone who is:

　　Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work,I hope I get it al work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don' t want her to give me a lot of shil when I come home from work because I don' t know if this makes much sense.

　　These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers.

　　31. Despite , shift work couples still hoped to maintain a stable life.

　　[ A ] traditional beliefs about marriage

　　[ B ] Jack of control over time

　　[ C ] a very clear division of roles

　　[ D ] the demands of work

　　32. From the selection, we can conclude that female shift workers were NOT satisfied with

　　[A] their work

　　[ B ] their children

　　[ C ] their husbands' inability to protect the family and provide companionship

　　[D] leisure activities

　　33. What is implied by the author?

　　[ A 1 Shift work had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members.

　　[ B ] Shift workers could live a normal life.

　　[ C] Shift work couples had unconventional ideas about marriage.

　　[ D ] Female shift workers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families.

　　34. In order to continue the marriages of the shift workers,

　　[ A] wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands are absent

　　[ B ] shift work couples must administer their time and activities

　　[ C ] wives mustn' t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands'

　　[ D ] all of thesework

　　35. The best title for this paragraph is

　　[ A ] Constructing Family Life

　　[ B ] Managing Time and Activities

　　[ C ] The Meaning of Marriage

　　[ D ] Living a Normal Life

　一个家庭的内聚力似乎要依靠家庭成员们一起做一些常规的事情来维系。然而由于美国劳动力人数的增多，在非正常工作时间的轮班工作，也就是我们通常所说的"换班工作"，使家庭生活面临困境。

　　现有的调查表明男性和女性的倒班工人都承认压力很大，工作和家庭生活的需求相互冲突。但是，从事换班工作的夫妇们仍然保持着对婚姻的意义和夫妻各自责任的传统观念。他们表示仍然愿意"不惜一切代价"实现他们认为正常的婚姻生活，譬如牺牲睡眠时间或是在非常规的时间去做一些惯例的事情。大多数接受采访的夫妇，甚至是那些妻子在外工作的家庭都认为，正常家庭生活的显著特点还是清楚的分工：丈夫是家庭的"支撑者"，他们主要的责任是养活全家，而妻子仍然是"主妇"。她们负责打扫、做饭、照顾丈夫和孩子。

　　以下是一个妻子对"好丈夫"的定义，这代表了所有女人的看法：

　　我希望他能养家。在我需要的时候陪在我身边，和我热衷于相同的事物。希望他也愿意支配我，就像我期望的那样。这么说吧，在需要他表现得像个男人的时候，我希望他挺身而出，而不是坐视不管，却想让我去处理一切。

　　丈夫们眼中的好妻子是这样的：

　　她要理解我在工作中的感受。我需要在工作时受尊重，我希望能在工作中找到受尊重的感觉。我要我的妻子明白我对工作的期望。我可不想每天下班回家的时候，她唠叨个没完洇为我也不知道这是否有意义。 以上的观点对于维护那些轮班工作的夫妻家庭是至关重要的。

　　答案及解析

　　31.B【解析】"shiftwork"意为"working shifts beyond the normal daylighthours"。而A、C选项中"traditional beliefs about marmge"，"a veryclear division of roles"均为"a stable life"的一部分，不符合题意。

　　32.c【解析】由文中"the women'S definitions of a good husband"可以看出C为正确答案。

　　33.A【解析】由文章主旨句"shiftwork makes the lives of families difficult"可知选A。

　　34.D【解析】联系全文，知A、B、c三项均正确。

　　35.C【解析】先排除D项，因全文围绕shiftwork展开，B项则太具体,A项则涵义过广,全文切入点为marriage。