解放军文职考试：常用近义名词的区别　

　　1.family指“家庭”时，强调全体;指“家里人”时强调个体，与住房无关:My family is a big one.My family are having supper now.

　　home指“家”，表示同一家庭共同生活的地方，具有感情色彩Kate has left home for school.可作副词也可作名词，意思是“在家”:I had to stay (at) home to do my homework.

　　house指“住宅”、“住房”The Greens live in a big house.

　　2.man总称“人”、“人类”，用单数

　　So far，the moon has been visited by man.

　　总称“男人”，用单数，不用冠词:Man is stronger than woman. 指个体“男人”，有单、复数:There are two men and three women over there.

　　people泛指“人们”，表示复数概念:People often work in the day.

　　指“人”的个体，但只表示复数概念:There are five people in my family.

　　前面加定冠词指“人民”，表示复数概念:Let’s work for the people.

　　指“民族”时，有单、复数之分:The Chinese people is a hardworking people.

　　person强调“人”的个体，有单、复数之分:There are five persons in my family.

　　3.police总称“警察”，表示复数概念:The police were standing there.

　　指“警察”的个体，但只表示复数概念:There are several police/policemen watching the traffic.

　　policeman强调“警察”的个体，有单、复数之分:My father is a policeman.

　　4.universe指“宇宙万物”，强调物质概念:When we talk about the universe，we mean the earth， the sun，the moon and many other stars.

　　space指“太空”、“宇宙空间”，强调空间概念:Many countries have sent up the satellites into space.

　　“空间”、“余地”、“空地”:There is no space on the bus.