解放军文职招聘考试2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(浙江卷)

英语(浙江卷)

选择题部分(共80分)

第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)

第一节:单项填空(共20小题;每小题0.5分,满分10分)

从A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

1.—Hi,John.Are you busy?

—　　 

A.Yes.I do agree.　　　　　B.Yes.That would be nice.

C.No.Are you sure? D.No.What’s up?

2.Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write 　　　children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in 　　　way. 

A.a;不填 B.the;the

C.不填;the D.a;the

3.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes 　　　animals both on land and sea? 

A.about B.to

C.with D.over

4.It was so noisy that we 　　　hear ourselves speak. 

A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t

C.mustn’t D.needn’t

5.Studies have shown that the right and left ear 　　　sound differently. 

A.produce B.pronounce

C.process D.download

6.If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate 　　　is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 

A.what B.who

C.that D.whoever

7.Body language can 　　　a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. 

A.take away B.throw away

C.put away D.give away

8.Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child,few people guessed that he 　　　a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 

A.has been B.had been

C.was going to be D.was

9.　　　 a single word can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. 

A.Just as B.Even though

C.Until D.Unless

10.Most people work because it’s unavoidable.　　　,there are some people who actually enjoy work. 

A.As a result B.In addition

C.By contrast D.In conclusion

11.We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or 　　　our emotions than for straight facts. 

A.block off B.appeal to

C.subscribe to D.come across

12.How would you like 　　　if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? 

A.them B.one

C.those D.it

13.Most of us,if we know even a little about where our food comes from,understand that every bite put into our mouths was 　　　alive. 

A.steadily B.instantly

C.formerly D.permanently

14.Listening is thus an active,not a 　　　,behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering. 

A.considerate B.sensitive

C.reliable D.passive

15.One of the most effective ways to reduce 　　　is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 

A.production B.stress

C.energy D.power

16.If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able to 　　　on the sea? 

A.float　　　B.drown C.shrink　　　D.split

17.These comments came 　　　specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 

A.in memory of B.in response to

C.in touch with D.in possession of

18.Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it 　　　live is quite another. 

A.perform B.performing

C.to perform D.being performed

19.Creating an atmosphere 　　　employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 

A.as B.whose

C.in which D.at which

20.—Why don’t you consider a trip to,say,Beijing or Hangzhou?

—　　　. 

A.I wouldn’t mind that B.Then we’ll get there quickly

C.Let’s call it a day D.It’s not a requirement

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21~40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford,I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking,high-paying Wall Street jobs.As executives(高级管理人员)with banks,consulting firms,established law firms,and major corporations,many are now 　21　on their way to impressive careers.By society’s 　22　,they seem to have it made. 

On the surface,these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind,many had a 　23　 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar,shook hands with longtime roommates,and 　24　out of small apartments into high buildings.They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 　25　a college year’s monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars. 

The thing is,a number of them have 　26　that despite their success,they aren’t happy.Some 　27　of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 　28　.Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 　29　.However,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the 　30　to which they have so quickly become 　31　. 

People often speak of trying a more satisfying path,and 　32　in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they 　33　or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion:it’s 　34　.They have loans,bills,a mortgage(抵押贷款) to 　35　,retirement to save for.They recognize there’s something 　36　in their lives,but it’s 　37　 to step off the track. 

In a society that tends to 　38　everything in terms of dollars and cents,we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 　39　in financial terms.But what about the personal and social costs 　40　 in pursuing money over meaning?These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore—and the very ones we need to consider most. 

21.A.much B.never

C.seldom D.well

22.A.policies B.standards

C.experiments D.regulations

23.A.last B.least

C.second D.best

24.A.cycled B.moved

C.slid D.looked

25.A.shared B.paid

C.equaled D.collected

26.A.advertised B.witnessed

C.admitted D.demanded

27.A.complain B.dream

C.hear D.approve

28.A.distribute B.hate

C.applaud D.neglect

29.A.calm B.guilty

C.warm D.empty

30.A.family B.government

C.lifestyle D.project

31.A.accustomed B.appointed

C.unique D.available

32.A.yet B.also

C.instead D.rather

33.A.let out B.turn in

C.give up D.believe in

34.A.fundamental B.practical

C.impossible D.unforgettable

35.A.take off B.drop off

C.put off D.pay off

36.A.missing B.inspiring

C.sinking D.shining

37.A.harmful B.hard

C.useful D.normal

38.A.measure B.suffer

C.digest D.deliver

39.A.disasters B.motivations

C.campaigns D.decisions

40.A.assessed B.involved

C.covered D.reduced

第二部分:阅读理解(第一节20小题,第二节5小题;每小题2分,满分50分)

第一节:阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

A

From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.When children are little we make them read aloud,before the teacher and other children,so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading.This means that when they don’t know a word,they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone.After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years,I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books,and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.

One day soon after school had started,I said to them,“Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before.I would like you to read a lot of books this year,but I want you to read them only for pleasure.I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not.If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me.Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean.”

The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking?One girl,who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time,looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then,still looking at me,she said slowly and seriously,“Mr.Holt,do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously,“I mean every word of it.”

During the spring she really astonished me.One day,she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself,“It can’t be,”and went to take a closer look.Sure enough,she was reading Moby Dick,in the edition with woodcuts.I said,“Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?”She answered,“Oh,sure,but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”

This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is — an exciting, joyous adventure.Find something,dive into it,take the good parts,skip the bad parts,get what you can out of it,go on to something else.How different is our mean-spirited,picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.

41.According to the passage,children’s fear and dislike of books may result from 　　　. 

A.reading little and thinking little

B.reading often and adventurously

C.being made to read too much

D.being made to read aloud before others

42.The teacher told his students to read 　　　. 

A.for enjoyment

B.for knowledge

C.for a larger vocabulary

D.for higher scores in exams

43.Upon hearing the teacher’s talk,the children probably felt that 　　　. 

A.it sounded stupid

B.it was not surprising at all

C.it sounded too good to be true

D.it was no different from other teachers’ talk

44.Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?

A.She skipped over those easy parts while reading.

B.She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.

C.She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.

D.She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.

45.From the teacher’s point of view,　　　. 

A.children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading

B.children should be left to decide what to read and how to read

C.reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school

D.reading involves understanding every little piece of information

 

B

Graphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information,especially numbers,percentages,and other data.A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret.That can be a lot more efficient than pages and pages explaining the data.

Graphs can seem frightening,but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.The graph has a title,a main idea,and supporting details.You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text.

Most graphs have a few basic parts:a caption or introduction paragraph,a title,a legend or key,and labeled axes.An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data.Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005).Captions usually summarize the author’s main point as well.The title is very important.It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown.A legend,also called a key,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.Many graphs,including bar graphs and line graphs,have two axes that form a corner.Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph.Each axis will always have a label.The label tells you what each axis measures.

　　Bar Graphs

 

Grade Earned

Graph 1.Student Performance on Social Studies Quiz

A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.In Graph 1,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned,and the y-axis shows how many students earned each grade.You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this (See Graph 1).

　　Line Graphs

 

Graph 2.The Pipit’s Spring Migration

A line graph looks similar to a bar graph,but instead of bars,it plots points and connects them with a line.It has the same parts as a bar graph — two labeled axes — and can be read the same way.To read a line graph, it’s important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points.This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).

The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days.The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers.Thus we can see that,on the first day,the pipit flew 20 kilometers.The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled down, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before.This line graph is a quick,visual way to tell the reader about the bird’s migration.

　　Pie Graphs

 

Graph 3.Amy’s June Expenses

A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie.The circle is divided into sections,and each section represents a fraction of the data.The graph is commonly used to show percentages;the whole pie represents 100 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.

A pie graph might include a legend,or it might use icons or labels within each slice.This pie graph shows one month’s expenses (See Graph 3).

Food $25

Movies $12

Clothing $36

Savings $20

Books $7

46.When used in a graph,a legend is 　　　. 

A.a guide to the symbols and colors

B.an introduction paragraph

C.the main idea

D.the data

47.What is the total number of students who earned a C or better?

A.4.　　　　　　　　　　B.6.

C.10. D.20.

48.The bird covered the longest distance on 　　　. 

A.Day 1 B.Day 2

C.Day 3 D.Day 4

49.Which of the following cost Amy most?

A.Food. B.Books.

C.Movies. D.Clothing.

 

C

If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,we would go in darkness happily,the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet.Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.This is a basic evolutionary fact,even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night:We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.

The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences — called light pollution — whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design,which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels — and light rhythms — to which many forms of life,including ourselves,have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world,some aspect of life is affected.

In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars,leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night — dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth — is wholly beyond our experience,beyond memory almost.

We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country,when nothing could be further from the truth.Among mammals alone,the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force,and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁).The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night,birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.

Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal,throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint,including their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures,we do need darkness.Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare,to our internal clockwork,as light itself.

Living in a glare of our own making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe,to forget the scale of our being,which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge of our galaxy — arching overhead.

50.According to the passage,human beings 　　　. 

A.prefer to live in the darkness

B.are used to living in the day light

C.were curious about the midnight world

D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon

51.What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?

A.The night.

B.The moon.

C.The sky.

D.The planet.

52.The writer mentions birds and frogs to 　　　. 

A.provide examples of animal protection

B.show how light pollution affects animals

C.compare the living habits of both species

D.explain why the number of certain species has declined

53.It is implied in the last paragraph that 　　　. 

A.light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals

B.light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages

C.human beings cannot go to the outer space

D.human beings should reflect on their position in the universe

54.What might be the best title for the passage?

A.The Magic Light.

B.The Orange Haze.

C.The Disappearing Night.

D.The Rhythms of Nature.

 

D

In 2004,when my daughter Becky was ten,she and my husband,Joe,were united in their desire for a dog.As for me,I shared none of their canine lust.

But why,they pleaded.“Because I don’t have time to take care of a dog.”But we’ll do it.“Really?You’re going to walk the dog?Feed the dog?Bathe the dog?” Yes,yes,and yes.“I don’t believe you.” We will.We promise.

They didn’t.From day two(everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day),neither thought to walk the dog.While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots,to schedule her vet appointments,to feed and clean her,Misty knew this on day one.As she looked up at the three new humans in her life(small,medium,and large),she calculated,“The medium one is the sucker in the pack.” 

Quickly,she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld(心灵融合).She’d look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers,beam her need,and then wait,trusting I would understand — which,strangely,I almost always did.In no time,she became my fifth appendage(附肢),snoring on my home-office couch as I worked,cradling against my feet as I read,and splaying across my stomach as I watched television.

Even so,part of me continued to resent walking duty.Joe and Becky had promised.Not fair, I’d balk(不心甘情愿地做)silently as she and I walked.“Not fair,”I’d loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home.

Then one day — January 1,2007,to be exact — my husband’s doctor uttered an unthinkable word:leukemia(白血病).With that,I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital,doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort.During those six months of hospitalizations,Becky,12 at the time,adjusted to other adults being in the house when she returned from school.My work colleagues adjusted to my taking off at a moment’s notice for medical emergencies.Every part of my life changed;no part of my old routine remained.

Save one:Misty still needed walking.At the beginning,when friends offered to take her through her paces,I declined because I knew they had their own households to deal with.

As the months went by,I began to realize that I actually wanted to walk Misty.The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet,peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day’s medical drama unfolded.The evening walk was a time to shake off the day’s upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise.

When serious illness visits your household,it’s not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar.Pretty much everyone you know acts differently.

Not Misty.Take her for a walk,and she had no interest in Joe’s blood counts or bone marrow test results.On the street or in the park,she had only one thing on her mind:squirrels!She was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile.On a daily basis,she reminded me that life goes on.

After Joe died in 2009,Misty slept on his pillow.

I’m grateful — to a point.The truth is,after years of balking,I’ve come to enjoy my walks with Misty.As I watch her chase after a squirrel,throwing her whole being into the here-and-now of an exercise that has never once ended in victory,she reminds me,too,that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future,there’s almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.

55.Why didn’t the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story?

A.She was afraid the dog would get the family into trouble.

B.It would be her business to take care of the dog.

C.Her husband and daughter were united as one.

D.She didn’t want to spoil her daughter.

56.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “The medium one is the sucker in the pack.”(Paragraph 3)?

A.“The middle-aged person loves me most.”

B.“The medium-sized woman is the hostess.”

C.“The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.”

D.“The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family.”

57.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that 　　　. 

A.Misty was quite clever

B.Misty could solve math problems

C.the writer was a slow learner

D.no one walked Misty the first day

58.The story came to its turning point when 　　　. 

A.Joe died in 2009

B.Joe fell ill in 2007

C.the writer began to walk the dog

D.the dog tried to please the writer

59.Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in hospital?

A.Misty couldn’t live without her.

B.Her friends didn’t offer any help.

C.The walk provided her with spiritual comfort.

D.She didn’t want Misty to be others’ companion.

60.What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage?

A.One should learn to enjoy hard times.

B.A disaster can change everything in life.

C.Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.

D.People will change their attitude toward you when you are in difficulty.

第二节:下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第61~65题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句,并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A.Come in with something to say.

B.Prepare general comments.

C.Bring materials with you.

D.Don’t make them wait.

E.Have no fear.

F.Go it alone.

One of the best things you can do any time in the semester is go see the professor.So hoof on over to an office hour and have some one-on-one face time with someone who’ll help you master the material and improve your grade,to boot.But how should you have this conversation with the professor?Here are five insider tips about how to make that office hour really count:

61.　　　 No need to get all bent out of shape about going to see the professor.The professor would actually like to see you and answer your questions.Believe it or not,he or she is on your side and is eager to see you do well.And besides,he or she has seen many students stupider than you,so nothing you’re going to ask will set the record for stupidity. 

62.　　　 Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner,the office hour will go better if it’s just you and the professor.You’ll get in more questions,the discussion will be tailored to what you need most help on,and two-party communication is almost always more productive than committee work.Your friend can wait outside for the discussion. 

63.　　　 If you can’t make the official office hours,most professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you out.If you’re lucky enough to land such an accommodation,though,be sure you’re 100 percent on time.There’s nothing that ticks off a professor more than making him or herself available for a custom office hour only to find that you don’t care enough to come on time.And besides,the professor might leave after ten minutes,which would make your trip a total loss. 

64.　　　 If you’re meeting with the professor to go over a paper or test,or to ask questions about a particular lecture or reading,make sure you bring that paper or test,or your lecture notes or a copy of the article.The professor doesn’t remember the comments he or she wrote on your individual piece of work — though he or she will be able to recall them after just a brief glance at your work.And if you have your lecture notes or the article in hand,you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you,rather than just talking in a general way about the contents. 

65.　　　 Office hours almost always go better if you bring a few specific questions to the meeting.It’s almost never good to start a meeting with general comments such as:“I didn’t understand what you said about [main topic of the course]” or “I couldn’t understand any of your lectures last week.”Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starters about a specific concept,point,or problem you didn’t understand.Keep in mind that in a fifteen-minute office hour (which is how long these things usually last),two or three questions are usually the most you’ll have time to discuss. 

非选择题部分(共40分)

第三部分:写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

例如:

It was very nice to get your invitation to spend weekend with you.Luckily I  completely free then,so I’ll 

to

 say “yes”.I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m.Friday evening.

My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.On the left-hand side of the class,I could easy see the football field.In the mornings,it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.Farther in the distance,I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom,I will never forget it.

第二节:书面表达(满分30分)

在班级活动中,当你的想法与大多数同学不一致时,你是坚持自己的观点并说服别人,还是尊重大多数同学的意见?请你以“When I Have a Different Opinion”为题,用英语写一篇100~120个词的短文。要求如下:

1.从以上两种做法中选择一种;

2.以具体事例阐述你选择的理由。

注意:短文中,不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、同学姓名等真实信息。否则,按考试作弊行为认定。

When I Have a Different Opinion

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详解详析

2015高考浙江英语卷答案详解

1.D　考查交际用语。句意:——嗨,约翰。你很忙吗?——不忙。怎么啦?What’s up?意为“怎么了?发生什么事啦?”,符合语境。A项意为“是的。我确实同意。”;B项意为“是的。那太好了。”;C项意为“不忙,你能肯定吗?”。

2.D　考查冠词。句意:简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍,但是这样或那样的事情总是妨碍着她。第一个空泛指一本儿童书籍,所以用不定冠词修饰;第二个空是固定短语,get in the way意为“妨碍”。

3.B　考查介词。句意:你曾经听说过这样的树吗?它们是水陆两栖动物的栖息地。be home to是固定短语,意为“是……的所在地/栖息地/家园/产地”。

4.A　考查情态动词。句意:环境太嘈杂了,我们不能听到自己讲话的声音。couldn’t“不能”;shouldn’t“不应该”;mustn’t“禁止,不许”;needn’t“不必”。

5.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:研究表明,人的右耳和左耳对声音的处理是不同的。produce“生产,制造”;pronounce“发音”;process“加工,处理”;download“下载”。

6.A　考查名词性从句。句意:如果你去河里或湖里游泳,一定要调查清楚水面下有什么。经常有岩石或树枝藏在水下。what在此处引导宾语从句,并在从句中作主语。

7.D　考查动词短语。句意:肢体语言能够暴露你很多情绪方面的东西,因此双臂交叉站着发送出的信号是你正处于戒备状态。give away“泄露,暴露,出卖”,符合句意。take away“拿走,带走”;throw away“扔掉,抛弃”;put away“收起来,放好,储存”。

8.C　考查动词时态。句意:阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦出生于1879年。他小的时候,几乎没有人猜想到他将会成为著名的科学家,他的理论将会改变世界。根据时间状语as a child可知,此处用过去将来时。

9.A　考查状语从句。句意:正如一个词语能改变一个句子的意思,一个句子能改变一个段落的意思。just as“正如,就像”;even though“虽然,尽管”;until“直到”;unless“如果不,除非”。

10.C　考查介词短语。句意:大多数人工作是因为这是无法避免的事情。相比之下,有一些人确实喜欢工作。by contrast“相比之下,与之相反,与……形成对比的是”,符合句意。as a result“因此,结果”;in addition“此外,而且”;in conclusion“最后,总之”。

11.B　考查动词短语。句意:与直接的事实相比,我们对那些激发我们的感官或吸引我们情感的事物通常有更好的记忆。block off“关闭,封闭,封锁”;appeal to“吸引”;subscribe to“预订,同意,订阅”;come across“偶然遇见,偶然发现”。

12.D　考查代词。句意:如果你正在观看你自己喜爱的电视节目,这时有人进入房间,没有询问你的意见就把电视关掉了,你会有什么样的感受?表示人的情感好恶的动词like,love,hate等后面通常接it作形式宾语。

13.C　考查副词。句意:如果我们知道哪怕一点儿关于我们的食物来自哪里的知识,我们大多数人就会理解我们放进嘴里的每一口(食物)以前是活着的。steadily“稳定地,不断地”;instantly“立即,立刻,马上”;formerly“以前,从前”;permanently“永久地,长期不变地”。

14.D　考查形容词。句意:倾听是一种主动的而不是被动的行为,它包括倾听、理解和记忆。considerate“体贴的,考虑周到的”;sensitive“敏感的”;reliable“可靠的,可信赖的”;passive“被动的,消极的”。

15.B　考查名词。句意:减轻压力的最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈论你的感受。production“生产,制作”;stress“压力”;energy“精力,能量”;power“权力,力量”。

16.A　考查动词。句意:如果说钢铁比水重的话,那么为什么轮船能够漂浮在海面上?float“漂浮”;drown“淹死,溺死”;shrink“使收缩,使缩小”;split“裂开,分开”。

17.B　考查介词短语。句意:这些评论是为了回应当地的新闻记者们经常问的具体问题。in memory of“作为对……的纪念”;in response to“对……做出反应”;in touch with“同……有联系”;in possession of“占有,拥有”。

18.D　考查非谓语动词。句意:在家听音乐是一回事,听现场演奏的音乐又是另外一回事。hear后面的代词it指代上文出现的music,music与perform之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以用被动形式作宾语补足语。

19.C　考查定语从句。句意:创造一种员工们感觉自己是团队里的一份子的氛围是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知,in which在此处相当于where,引导定语从句,修饰atmosphere。

20.A　考查交际用语。句意:——为什么不考虑去旅游呢,比如北京或杭州?——我不在乎那件事。A项符合语境。B项意为“那么我们将很快到达那里”;C项意为“咱们到此为止”;D项意为“它不是一个要求”。

【语篇导读】本文为议论文。作者周围的很多朋友事业有成,生活奢侈,外表光鲜亮丽,但是他们并不快乐。他们在内心里希望改变自己,开始新的人生,但是迫于生活的压力,或者说由于觉得不合算,他们只能得过且过,无聊空虚地打发时光。

21.D　作者的朋友们接受过高等教育,算是社会的精英分子,他们在各大公司做得风生水起,完全处于通往令人赞叹的职业生涯的途中。well此处表示程度,意为“完全地,彻底地”。

22.B　作者的这些朋友,依照社会的标准来衡量,似乎很容易获取成功。句中的have it made意为“有成功的把握,很容易办到”。

23.A　根据下文内容可知,因为这些人获得了成功,他们不可能再去那些低档次的地方消费,所以他们在廉价但气氛友好的当地酒吧最后一次喝酒。

24.B　move out of意为“脱离,摆脱”,此处指的是作者的这些朋友从小的公寓里搬出来,住进了高楼里。

25.C　此处描述朋友们奢侈的生活方式,他们预订座位的饭店饭菜昂贵,一瓶酒的价格等同于大学里一个月的房租。

26.C　问题是,他们中的一些人承认,虽然他们成功了,但是他们并不快乐。

27.A　complain of是固定短语,意为“抱怨”,他们抱怨同事们不友好。

28.B　根据前面的feel sad for可知,这些工作是他们不喜欢做的,所以他们对一天八小时的工作感到烦恼。

29.D　此处继续描述那些成功人士的烦恼,一些人不尊重他们效力的公司,说自己感到厌倦和空虚。

30.C　然而,这些人不是全身心地投入工作,他们发觉自己工作的目的只是为了维持那种他们很快就习惯了的生活方式。

31.A　分析句子结构,to which they have so quickly become accustomed是定语从句,修饰lifestyle。become accustomed to是固定短语,意为“习惯于,对……变得习以为常”。

32.A　人们经常说尝试一种更令人满意的道路,可是最终,人们只是说说而已,没有人真的舍弃一切,改变固有的生活模式。yet 意为“可是”。

33.D　有些人想过放弃自己的工作去为他们信仰的某些事情而工作,或者找到一个让他们有更多时间陪伴家人的职位。

34.C　上述的内容只是停留在很多人的想象中,最终,他们得出相同的结论:这是不可能的事情。

35.D　人们的美好想法最终败给了现实:他们需要支付贷款、账单,他们要付清抵押贷款,他们要为退休后的生活攒钱。

36.A　他们意识到在生活中某些东西失去了,但是脱离原有的生活轨道是很难的事情。

37.B　根据上文内容可知,现实生活中的人们,总是为生计所累,不可能说走就走,说离开就离开,所以脱离原有的生活轨道是不容易做到的。

38.A　我们现在生活的社会是以金钱来衡量一切的,所以我们从很小的时候就学会了从金钱的角度去考虑我们做出的决定的经济成本。

39.D　根据上文内容可知,很多人之所以放弃自己的决定,就是觉得不合算,这个“合算”当然是从金钱的角度来衡量的。

40.B　involved in作后置定语,修饰costs,意为“卷入,涉及”。作者反问:卷入到金钱至上中的个人成本和社会成本怎么计算呢?

【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。作者是一位教师,他发现孩子们很讨厌读书,于是决定采取措施改变孩子们的这种态度。作者提出了“为了快乐而读书”的目标,作者的努力没有白费,他的学生们逐渐喜欢上了读书,并懂得如何去读书。

41.D　推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句内容可以推断出,孩子们对于书籍的恐惧和厌烦可能是来自于被迫在他人面前大声朗读。

42.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“...but I want you to read them only for pleasure.”可知,作者告诉自己的学生要为了快乐而读书。

43.C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可以推断出,当作者把自己对于学生们读书的要求说出来之后,孩子们大概感觉这个想法太棒了,简直令人难以置信。

44.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,这个小女孩已经学会了在一些难以读懂的书籍中欣赏自己觉得好看的内容。

45.B　推理判断题。根据全文内容,特别是最后一段内容可以推断出,这位教师认为,应该由孩子们决定读什么书以及如何阅读。

【语篇导读】本文为说明文。作者首先说明了图表的重要性和实用性,然后介绍了图表通常包括的项目和内容,最后展示了三种不同形式的图表。

46.A　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第五句“A legend,also called a key, is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.”可知,图例是符号和颜色的用法指南。

47.D　细节理解题。根据第一个图表可知,得A的学生是6人,得B的学生是10人,得C的学生是4人,三者相加是20人。题干问的是得C以及以上等级的人数,所以答案是20。

48.C　细节理解题。根据第二个图表可知,这只鸟在第三天飞行的距离是70千米,是五天中最长的距离,故选C项。

49.D　细节理解题。根据第三个图表可知,埃米花在衣服上的钱最多,故选D项。

【语篇导读】本文为议论文。作者首先说明人类习惯于生活在日光下,所以在夜晚打开各种灯;接下来,作者引出了光污染这个话题;随后,作者阐述了黑暗的重要性;最后,作者建议人类反思自己在宇宙中的位置。

50.B　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句内容可以推断出,我们人类习惯于生活在日光下,不习惯夜晚的黑暗。

51.A　推理判断题。根据前面的句子“Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night...”可推断出,此处的代词it指的是“夜晚”。

52.B　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句和第五段第二句可推断,作者提到鸟类和青蛙是为了说明光污染是如何影响动物的。

53.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可以推断出,作者认为人类应该反思自己在宇宙中的位置。

54.C　主旨大意题。文章主要说明人类在夜晚开启的各种各样的灯使得城市变成了不夜城,光污染随之出现。C项“消失的夜晚”非常形象生动地揭示了问题所在。

【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。作者一开始极力反对养狗,因为正如作者所预料的那样,照顾狗的日常生活最终落到她的头上。但是,逐渐地,作者和狗建立起深厚的友谊和亲情。在丈夫患病期间,与狗一起散步成为作者减压的有效方式。作者从狗身上看到了单纯的快乐和生活的希望。

55.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Because I don’t have time to take care of a dog.”可知,作者一开始不同意养狗,是因为作者担心照顾狗的差事最终落到自己头上。

56.D　句意理解题。根据第三段内容可知,作者的担心不是多余的,从第二天开始,照顾狗的任务就落到作者头上。这只名为Misty的狗对于家里的三个人的性格摸得很透。这句话大概描述了狗的心思:这位女士是家中最善良最值得信赖的人。

57.A　推理判断题。根据第三段对于狗的描述可以推断出,这只狗非常聪明。另外,可采用排除法,B、C两项没有提到或无法看出,根据第三段第二句可知,第一天每个人都想遛狗,排除D项,故选A项。

58.B　细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知,2007年,作者的丈夫乔得了白血病,这对于作者一家人来说是命运和人生的转折点。

59.C　推理判断题。根据第八段内容可以推断出,作者在中断了一段时间后,继续领着狗去散步,因为这种做法带给她很大的精神安慰。

60.C　主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者通过这个故事想要表达的是:在逆境中寻找欢乐,前面总会有希望。

61~65 EFDCA

短文改错

My old classroom was interesting because three of the classroom were made glass.I enjoyed close to the windows and looking at the view.On the left-hand side of the class,I could see the football field.In the mornings,it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around .Farther in the distance,I could 

not

enjoy the view of snowy mountains.On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.The position of the classroom with its view made me like I was dreaming.I was only a child when I studied in that classroom,I will never forget it.

书面表达

One possible student version:

When I Have a Different Opinion 

We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.When I have a better idea,I would choose to stick to it.By doing so,I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly.

Once we were discussing where to go for an outing.Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer place.I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.We did have a good time that day.Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all.

An alternative student version:

When I Have a Different Opinion 

We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.When I have a different opinion,I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority.

The main reason for my choice is that being brought up in a culture emphasizing collectivism,I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit.Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum.I would love to go to a museum,but most of my classmates wanted to go for a picnic.Without hesitation,I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.