（1）1997年真题。Directions:
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words.
Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
1. Interpret the following pictures.
2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.
真题分析：
这是典型的图表+提纲式的命题，题目中提供的材料十分丰富，包括柱状图、饼状图以及其他相关数据。组图充分反映了当代烟草消费的规模、危害和趋势，是人们普遍关心的热点话题之一。通过对组图的分析，我们可以看出烟草在全世界有着十分庞大的消费群体规模，每年因为烟草消费消耗的资金数额大得惊人，同时也有数以百万计的人由于烟草消费而被夺去了生命。当然，我们从图中也可以发现一个令人欣喜的趋势，那就是烟草的总产量在近几年呈下降的态势，一定程度上说明了烟草消费引起的健康问题开始得到了人们的重视，并出现了相关的解决措施。
本题的难点在于图表给的信息量太大，考生如何最恰当地在全文中使用数据将决定文章的质量。如果一味将所有数据都堆在第一段，会造成第一段过于冗长，全文头重脚轻。在下面的范文中，图表数字得到了灵活的运用，比较得体。比如文章在一开始先用烟民人数占全世界人数的比例来说明了烟草消费的巨大规模，然后又通过该行业消耗的人民财产和生命进一步说明产业之大、对人类危害之重。而至于第一幅图中关于烟草产量的数字则被用到了第二段中来说明未来的趋势，非常得体、恰当。
思路拓展：
近年来国人越来越关注健康问题，随着2008年北京奥运会的即将到来，在中国更是掀起了全民健身的热潮。因此健康问题将是中国社会的一个长期热点问题，考生应该在这方面积累素材、有所准备。相关话题可以引申到知识分子的身体健康问题、全民健身热潮、健康意识、锻炼身体的习惯、健康与安全等等，这些都是平时经常可以遇到的一些话题。
范文：
Tobacco is one of the commodities that are consumed in an immense amount worldwide. From the pictures, we can learn that the global smoking population amounts to 1.1 billion, approximately 20% of all the worlds’ residents. 200 billion dollars are spent annually in order to purchase tobacco and relevant products, which further stimulate the business’ flourishing development. Meanwhile, the harm caused by tobacco consumption is experiencing a similar upward trend—statistics indicates that 3,000,000 people die of smoking and related diseases every year.
Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that tobacco consumption will decline based on several new tendencies that are emerging. In the first place, there is an extensive public awareness of the negative impact of smoking, and as a result, more people resist the tempetation of cigarettes. In the second place, governments are setting more regulations to limit tobacco production. The effectiveness of such a policy was testified by the prompt drop of the tobacco production from 14.364 billion in 1994 pounds to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995 as seen in the picture.
In short, I firmly believe that, with the efforts of the whole society, we can launch more movements to realize a cleaner world with less smoking.
译文：
烟草是一种在全世界有着巨大消费量的商品。从图中我们可以看出，全世界的烟民已经到达了11亿，约占全世界总人口的20%。人们每年花在购买烟草以及相关产品的费用就达20亿美元，进一步促进了烟草业的繁荣。同时，烟草消费带来的危害也日益增长——统计数据显示每年有300万人死于由抽烟引起的相关疾病。
尽管目前的数据非常悲观，但是从一些新的趋势中，我们可以乐观地预测烟草消费将会有所下降。首先，公众普遍意识到了抽烟的负面效应，因此，越来越多的人拒绝烟瘾。其次，各国政府正在制定各项措施限制烟草的生产。图中显示烟草生产从1994年的143.64亿磅下降到了1995年的14.2亿磅，这就证明了政府措施的有效性。
总而言之，我坚信在全社会的努力下，我们可以发起更多的运动，来实现一个更干净的无烟世界。
闪光词汇及词组：
in an immense amount: 以极大的数量
amount to: 达到，总计
approximately: adv. 大约，近似
annually: adv. 年度地，每年一次
purchase: v./ n. 采购，购买
flourishing: adj. 繁荣的，欣欣向荣的
decline: 下降、衰落
emerge: v. 出现，浮出
temptation: n. 诱惑
testify: v. 测试
launch: v. 发行，发起，投入
万能句型：
From the pictures, we can learn that…
Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that
In the first place … In the second place …
In short, I firmly believe that
(2) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
知识分子健康差寿命短
范文：
The picture depicts a typical Chinese scholar who keeps working late at night, while the presence of his wife and child behind clearly indicates the man’s pressure of supporting a whole family. What is strikingly noticeable is the scholar’s exceptional skinniness, but it can be easily explained by the simple food, bottles of medicine, and poor working environment shown in the picture.
The discernable unhealthiness of this hard-working scholar discloses a prevalent phenomenon that has long existed in China’s academia. Intellectuals are not highly respected and they enjoy unsatisfactory material benefits with particularly unattractive salaries due to low social position. In addition, family, social, and academic stresses are so immensely exerted on intellectuals that they are forced to work diligently and ceaselessly. As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture shows us.
The situation is rather depressing because intellectuals in fact contribute greatly to our country’s development, and it is largely owing to their painstaking efforts that pave the way for advancement and prosperity. To solve this problem, I think there should be a thriving social trend of showing respect to knowledge and intellects, and those who endeavor to explore new knowledge should be rewarded with good living and working conditions.
译文：
这幅图刻画了一个典型的中国知识分子的形象，他一直工作到深夜，背后的妻子和孩子显示了他有着很大的养家的压力。值得我们注意的是这个学者格外削瘦，但这很容易通过图中简单的食物、药罐以及较差的工作环境得到解释。
这个勤奋学者的不健康状况显示出中国学术界一个长期存在的现象。一方面，知识分子没有受到尊重，他们享受的物质条件也非常差，尤其是由于他们的社会地位很低，他们的工资也相应地非常少。另一方面，知识分子们承担着巨大的家庭、社会和学术压力，导致他们被迫非常勤奋地不停地工作。因此，恶劣的生活条件和巨大的工作压力自然导致他们较差的健康和较短的寿命，正如图中告诉我们的那样。
这种情况非常令人失望，因为知识分子实际上对我们国家的发展做出了巨大的贡献，而且正是因为他们的不懈努力引向了我国的发达和繁荣。为了解决这个问题，我认为全社会要掀起尊重知识、尊重知识分子的高潮，而那些辛勤地探索新知识的人们应该得到较好的工作和生活环境等回报。
闪光词汇及词组：
exceptional: adj. 例外的，特别的
skinniness: n. 消瘦
discernable: adj. 可观察到的，可辨别的
disclose: v. 揭露，透露
prevalent: n. 普遍的，流行的
academia: n. 学术界
immensely: adv. 非常，广大的，巨大的
diligently: adv 勤勉地
life-span: n. 寿命
painstaking: adj. 努力的
pave the way to: 为……铺平道路，为……做好准备
endeavor: v. 努力，尽力
万能句型：
The picture depicts…
What is strikingly noticeable is…
The situation is rather depressing because…
To solve the problem, I think there should be…
… it is largely owing to…
(3) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
范文：
The picture depicts a man who is happily singing and walking home with his cute dog. He is coming back from work carrying his briefcase, and he must have stopped by the market on his way, buying vegetables and fish. As is suggested by the picture, he is exercising by waving the briefcase and basket together.
The picture is thought-provoking in that it endeavors to convince its audience that we can actually exercise anywhere, as long as we have the awareness of preserving health by exercise. Nowadays a large number of people engage in brainwork, and lack adequate physical movement. Moreover, many of them hold this deep-rooted view that in order to exercise they must squeeze time from their full schedule to go to a gym. Therefore they tend not to exercise simply due to their scanty time. However, the fact is that it is quite easy for everybody to exercise while walking on streets, traveling on buses, and even lying on bed—say, doing yoga.
I reckon that the consciousness of maintaining health is significant for both individuals and the whole society. On the individual level, it is vividly evidenced by the man in the picture that his exercise improves his health and mood as well. On the social level, the improvement in quality of life contributes vastly to a harmonious society.
译文：
这幅图描绘了一个男人高兴地一边唱着歌一边和他那可爱的小狗一起走回家。很显然他领着公文包下班回来，而且顺路去市场买了一些蔬菜和鱼。图中画出了他挥动着分别拎着公文包和菜篮的双手在做运动。
这幅图非常发人深思，它使人们相信我们其实可以在任何地方运动，只要我们有通过运动来保持健康的意识。当今时代有很多人都从事脑力劳动，因而缺乏足够的身体运动。此外，很多人都有一种非常根深蒂固的想法，即为了锻炼身体我们必须要从满满当当的时间表中抽出一点时间去健身房锻炼。因此他们都会因为时间不够而逃避锻炼。但是，实际上每个人都可以非常容易地通过在街上走路、坐公交车、甚至是在床上进行锻炼，比如说做瑜伽。
我认为保持健康的意识对于个人和整个社会都十分重要。对于个人来说，这幅图上的男人生动地证明了通过锻炼身体，既能促进健康又能改善心情。对于社会来说，人口生活质量的改进会对和谐社会做出巨大的贡献。
闪光词汇及词组：
cute: adj. 可爱的
stop by: 顺便经过
as long as: 只要
preserve: v. 保持
engage in: 使从事于, 参加
brainwork: n. 脑力劳动
adequate: adj. 足够的
deep-rooted: adj. 根深蒂固的
squeeze: v. 挤出
scanty: adj. 缺乏的，不足的
yoga: n. 瑜伽
reckon: v. 认为，估计
evidence: v. 表明, 证明; 显示
utilize: v. 利用
万能句型：
As is suggested by the picture…
The picture is thought-provoking in that it endeavors to convince its audience that…
I reckon that…
On the individual level…On the social level…
(4) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
范文：
The cartoon features a man who looks fat, wealthy and greedy for food. He is insatiably devouring a table of delicious food, while we are surprised to find that the waiter is serving him with even more dishes. We cannot help worrying whether this man’s stomach can bear so heavy a load all of a sudden.
As the caption points out, excessive love for food exerts negative influences on health. Whenever in front of dishes of superb taste, we need to keep in mind that a certain amount of food is enough to sustain us. Equally, the same truth applies to a bunch of our other habits. In other words, it is a must to limit any hobby, or else it may lead to disaster. Another typical example would be many folks’ devotion for computer games. Playing computer games now and then is an interesting entertainment, but an addiction to them would surely detach people from their time commitment to normal work and study.
As a result, I believe that limitation plays a decisive role in maintaining healthy habits in our everyday life. Moreover, we should learn to control our desires and sometimes greed. Proper limitation always leads to a sound and jovial life.
译文：
这幅图刻画了一个看起来很胖、很富有也很贪吃的男人。他正在毫不知足地吞吃着一桌的美食，而我们惊奇地发现服务员正在上更多的菜。但是，我们不禁担心他的胃是否能够一下子承担如此多的负担。
正如标题所提示的那样，贪吃对于人们的健康只会产生负面效应。当我们面对一桌美味佳肴的时候，我们必须要谨记我们只需要一部分食物就足够生活了。同样，这个道理也适用于其他的生活习惯。也就是说，喜爱任何事物都必须要有一个“度”。否则就有可能导致悲剧。另一个典型例子就是很多人沉迷于电子游戏。偶尔玩一下电子游戏是一种非常好的娱乐方式，但是一旦上瘾就会影响人们正常的学习和工作的时间投入。
因此，我认为掌握好“度”对于保持我们在日常生活中健康的习惯起着关键性的作用。此外，我们应该学会控制我们的欲望甚至贪婪。合适的“度”才能让我们有一个健康、快乐和完整的生活。
闪光词汇及词组：
insatiably: adj. 不知足地，贪得无厌地
devour: v. 吞吃
superb: adj. 极好的
keep in mind: 记住
or else: 否则
folk: n. 人们
commitment: n. 许诺
greed: n, 贪婪
jovial: adj. 快活的，高兴的
万能句型：
The cartoon features…
… while we are surprised to find that…
We can not help worrying about…
As the caption points out…
(5) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
范文：
The drawing shows a man who deposits a small amount of money into the bank and that turns out to be some fortune when he takes away the money later. One might think it is a bank advertisement, but in fact, as the subtitle suggests, it is a promotion that encourages all people to form the habit of exercising.
The artist uses this unique metaphor in order to endow us with the concept that, to habitually exercise s is like to deposit money bit by bit in the bank. If we manage to exercise every day for a considerable period of time, the habit would contribute invaluably to our health. I firmly believe that exercise should become a life-long pursuit, part and parcel of our life. In this way, not only will our longevity be greatly lengthened, the improvement and maintenance of health could also lead to a happier life.
At the eve of China’s hosting the 2008 Olympic Games, I think it is high time to launch a campaign spurring every citizen to exercise. Though being difficult at the beginning, we should be aware that exercise is a long-term investment that might benefit us even more than our anticipation.
译文：
这幅图刻画了一个男人把一笔钱存入银行，以后当他取出这笔钱的时候已经是一笔不小的财富了。我们可能会以为这是一个银行的广告，但是实际上题目暗示了这是在鼓励人们养成锻炼身体的好习惯。
通过这个独特的比喻，作画者意在让我们接受这样的一个概念，即锻炼身体的习惯就像往银行中一点点地存钱。如果我们坚持在一段时间里每天锻炼，这个习惯对于我们健康的贡献将是无价的。而且我坚信锻炼是一项一生都应该坚持的事情，是我们生活的一个重要组成部分。这不仅能够延长人们的寿命，而且健康的改进和保持会给人们带来一个更加幸福快乐的生活。
因此，在北京举办2008年奥运会的前夕，我认为这是一个非常好的时机发起全民健身的热潮。尽管坚持这个习惯在一开始比较困难，但是我们应该相信锻炼是一种一生的投资，我们可能得到比我们预期更多的收获。
闪光词汇及词组：
deposit: v. 存钱
fortune: n. 财产，财富
endow: v. 赋予
concept: n. 概念
habitually: adv. 习惯地
bit by bit: 一点点地
invaluably: adv. 无价地，非常贵重
lengthen: v. 延长，加长
at the eve: 在……之前
spur: v. 鞭策，刺激
investment: n. 投资
anticipation: n. 期望
万能句型：
One might think it is… but in fact, as the subtitle suggests, it is…
The artist uses this unique metaphor in order to…
I firmly believe that…
At the eve of … I think it is high time to…
(6) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
范文：
What the drawing is trying to express is very conspicuous. It shows people who are energetically running, playing basketball, and doing other kinds of sports. Moreover, at the bottom of the picture are four huge characters, meaning “sports” and “health”, which targets at reminding us that sports and health are intrinsically connected.
In today’s world, most people are increasingly aware of the importance of maintaining health, so as to enjoying better life quality and longevity. In order to possess a healthy body, not only need we keep a nutritious diet and adequate sleep, it is crucial for individuals to form the habit of exercising regularly. Doing sports will greatly increase people’s metabolism, and strengthen our physique.Sports also help to refresh people’s mind from brainwork all day and night, and even more surprisingly, exercising can stimulate people’s brains to work more actively and creatively.
All in all, I firmly believe that sports are not the business of a small group of athletes, but a life-long pursuit that every person should bear in mind and endeavor to put it into practice. Not only do sports benefit individuals, the improvement of the nation’s health would be a huge contribution to our country’s development.
译文：
这幅图试图表达的信息是非常明显的。上面画着人们在精力充沛地跑步、打篮球、以及做其他各种运动。此外，在图的底部写着四个巨大的字，意思是“运动”和“健康”，意在提醒人们运动和健康是有着内在的紧密联系的。
在当今社会，大多数人越来越意识到保持健康的重要性，这样才能够享受更好的生活质量和长寿。为了得到一个健康的身体，我们不仅不要保持营养的饮食、充分的睡眠等，更重要的是人们应该养成有规律地锻炼身体的习惯。一方面，运动可以大大改善人们的新陈代谢系统，是人们的身体结构更加强壮。另一方面，运动能够帮助人们在夜以继日的脑力劳动后振奋精神，更惊人的是，锻炼身体可以使我们的大脑更加积极和富有创意地工作。
总的来说，我坚信运动不仅仅是运动员的事情，更是每一个人一生应该坚持牢记在心和努力实践的事情。不仅个人可以从运动中获益，整体国民健康的提高对于我们国家的发展是一个巨大的贡献。
闪光词汇及词组：
energetic: adj. 精力充沛的，积极的
target: v. 把…作为目标
intrinsic: adj. 内在的，固有的，本质的
nutritious: adj. 有营养的
adequate: adj. 充分的，足够的
crucial: adj. 至关紧要的
metabolism: n. 新陈代谢
refresh: v. (使)精神振作, (使)精力恢复, 更新
万能句型：
What the drawing is trying to express is very conspicuous.
All in all, I firmly believe that…
(7) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
范文：
This picture describes the scene of a very typical family workshop which we might find in every neighborhood in China. A woman is busy making beancurd while her husband runs to her hilariously, saying that they have finally obtained the “sanitation license”. However, we find the condition of their workplace is quite disgusting, with flies circling and a hogpen nearby.
The sanitation problem of family workshops in the food industry has existed for a long time. It can be mainly attributed to two factors. The first and perhaps key factor is the ignorance of sanitation. Many workshops are inherited family businesses, and thus the owners are used to following traditional craftwork that pays no attention on sanitation. The other reason lies on some businessmen’s short of occupational disciplines. In order to save cost and make profit, they adopt the worst equipment in dirty conditions, regardless of consumer health. It has been proved that food produced in poor sanitary condition can greatly affect people’s health and happiness.
For the sake of benefiting people’, our government has initiated aggressive programs to advocate the importance of sanitation. Illegal food workshops with unhealthy surrounding should never connive, but should be severely punished and forcefully closed.
译文：
这幅图描绘了一个非常典型的中国式家庭作坊的情景。一个女人正忙着做豆腐，此时他的丈夫欢天喜地地跑过来告诉她他们终于拿到了“卫生许可证”。但是，我们发现他们的工作场所的卫生条件令人恶心，苍蝇飞来飞去，旁边就是一个猪圈。
食品工业中家庭作坊的卫生问题已经由来已久。其中主要有两个原因。第一个也是最重要的一个因素是人们缺乏卫生意识。许多作坊都是代代相传的家庭生意，因此作坊主们习惯于使用并不怎么强调卫生设施的传统工艺。另一个原因在于有些生意人缺乏职业纪律。为了节省成本、创造更多的利润，他们在肮脏的环境中使用最差的工具进行生产，而全然不顾消费者的健康。很多例子都可以证明在较差的卫生条件下生产出来的食品会严重影响人们的健康和幸福。
为了人们的利益，我们的政府已经采取了积极的措施来倡导卫生的重要性。那些有着不健康环境的非法食品作坊不能得到纵容，而必须得到严厉的惩罚和坚决的取缔。
闪光词汇及词组：
family workshop: 家庭作坊
neighborhood: n. 邻近，附近
hilarious: adj. 欢闹的
sanitation: n. 卫生，卫生设施
hogpen: n. 猪圈
food industry: 食品工业
craftwork: n. 工艺
short of: 缺乏，缺少
regardless of: 不管，不顾
for the sake of: 为了
connive: v. 默许， 纵容， 放任， 假装不见
万能句型：
This picture describes the scene of…
It mainly attributes to two reasons. The first and perhaps key factor is…The other reason lies on…
(8) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.
范文：
In the picture, we are amazed to find that the god of death is sitting maliciously on a bus whose driver dozed off while driving. It clearly tells us that in the domain of transportation, there are hidden dangers everywhere should we become careless.
Traffic accidents have long been a problem since the invention of automobiles, and are becoming an increasingly severe problem because of the boom of population, as well as the mass production of all forms of automobiles. There are more reasons for this issue. Firstly, many truck drivers are forced to drive days and nights with little rest simply because their employers desire more profit. Secondly, a lot of citizens drive after drinking alcohol, reacting slowly when encountering emergency. Thirdly, quite a number of young people enjoy acceleration, but their limited driving skills frequently lead to tragedies.
Judging from the analysis above, we may safely come to the conclusion that the daunting problem demands effective counter-measures. Most importantly, the government needs to implement sufficiently relevant laws and regulations in order to strengthen inspection. In addition, all residents should be aware of the hidden dangers in transportation and insist in keeping alert whenever driving.
译文：
在这幅图中，我们惊奇地看到死神正坐在一辆行驶的车上，恶毒地看着车中正在打瞌睡的司机。该图显然在告诉我们在交通领域，我们一旦不小心就会有许多潜在的危险。
交通事故自从汽车发明以来就一直是一个问题，现在由于人口的增长和各种汽车的大规模生产、这个问题变得越来越严重。此外，导致这个问题的原因还有很多。首先，很多卡车驾驶员被迫日夜不停地驾驶，因为他们的雇主想赚更多的利润。第二，许多市民在酒后驾驶，一旦发生紧急情况他们的反应会比较迟缓。第三，很多年轻人喜欢高速驾驶，但是他们的驾车技术有限，导致了很多悲剧。
从上面的分析中，我们认为必须采取有效的措施来接决这一问题。最重要的是政府应该采取充分的法律法规来加强监管力度。此外，人们要普遍地意识到交通中许多潜在危险，因此我们在驾车的时候一定要保持警惕。
闪光词汇及词组：
malicious: adj. 恶意的，恶毒的
doze off: v. 打瞌睡
domain: n. 领域，范围
mass production: 大规模生产
days and nights: 日日夜夜地
encounter: v. 面对，面临
emergency: n. 紧急情况，突然事件
alcohol: n. 酒，酒精
acceleration: n. 快速驾车
daunting: 使人畏缩的
inspection: n. 检查，视察
万能句型：
In the picture, we are amazed to find that…
It clearly tells us that…
There are more reasons for this issue.
Judging from the analysis above, we may safely come to the conclusion that…
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