The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbour and some to the manager of the local supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.
If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steelworker or a taxi driver or a doctor or a grocer(杂货商), he is producing goods or service for the market.
When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. Yon may spend money in stores, supermarkets and gas stations. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labour market.
The market may seem to be something abstract(抽象的). But for each person or businessman who is making and selling something, it is real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won’t be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It’s telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Selling and Buying
B. What Is the Market?
C. Everything Yon Do is Producing for the Market
D. What Can the Market Do for You?
2. All of the following acts are producing for the market EXCEPT_______.
A. working in a bank B. printing a book
C. attending a night school D. growing beans for sale
3. You are buying from the market when you_______.
A. borrow a book from a library B. look after your children
C. drive to the seaside for a holiday D. treat a friend to dinner at a restaurant
4. In what way is the market very real for each person or businessman who is making and selling something?
A. It tells you what to produce.
B. It directs you how to grow tomatoes.
C. It provides you with everything you need.
D. It helps you save money.
【答案解析】本文例析了市场理念—买和卖不是抽象而是具体的。
1. B。主旨题。根据 The market is a concept 及后面通过买和卖的具体事例来诠释市场这个概念，由此可知B为正确答案。
2. C。细节题。根据When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market，选项C(上夜校读书)是花钱，故是 buying things from the market，而不是 producing for the market，由此可知 C 为答案。
3. D。细节题。 根据 When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market，答案 D(在餐厅款待朋友吃饭)当然是花钱，故选 D。
4. A。推断题。根据最后一段 But for each person or businessman who is making and selling something, it is real… It’s telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do 得知通过市场需求告诉市场生产者去生产什么，故 A 为正确选项。
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