解放军文职招聘考试English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语

 English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语

1．Parts of speech 词类
noun 名词      pronoun 代词     numeral 数词    adjective 形容词   verb 动词      adverb副词   article 冠词  preposition介词      conjunction连词     interjection感叹词    particle 小品词 

 2. Word building 构词法 
conversion 转化    derivation 派生    affixation词缀法  prefix前缀   suffix后缀        compound words 合成词

3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类
      common nouns普通名词          proper nouns 专有名词     
individual nouns个体名词        collective nouns 集合名词    
material nouns 物质名词         abstract nouns 抽象名词   
countable nouns 可数名词        uncountable nouns不可数名词
the singular form 单数形式        the plural form 复数形式          
the common case 普通格          the possessive case 所有格 
the subjective case 主格           the objective case 宾格
person 人称                 third person singular 第三人称单数 

4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类
   personal pronouns 人称代词         possessive pronouns 物主代词 
self pronouns 反身代词             demonstrative pronouns 指示代词
  interrogative pronouns 疑问代词     conjunctive pronouns 连接代词 
 relative pronouns 关系代词          reciprocal pronouns 相互代词
 indefinite pronouns 不定代词

5．数词、形容词、冠词
cardinal numerals 基数词             ordinal numerals 序数词 
fractional numerals 分数词           the comparative degree 比较级
 the superlative degree 最高级          The definite article 定冠词 
 the indefinite article  不定冠词

6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类
national verbs 实义动词             link-verbs系动词  
auxiliary verbs助动词            modal verbs  情态动词         
transitive verbs 及物动词         intransitive verbs 不及物动词
regular verbs 规则动词           irregular verbs 不规则动词  
the present forms 现在式           the past forms 过去式  
the participle 分词                the present participle现在分词 
the past participle 过去分词          the infinitive 不定式 
the gerund 动名词              bare infinitive 不带to的不定式 
   
7．Tense 时态 
the present tense 一般现在时         the past tense 一般过去时   
the future tense一般将来时       the past future tense一般过去将来时 
the present continuous现在进行时    the past continuous 过去进行时 
the future continuous 将来进行时   the past future continuous过去将来进行时   the present perfect 现在完成时         the past perfect过去完成时  
the future perfect 将来完成时     the past future perfect 过去将来完成时
the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时   
the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时 
the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时

8．Voice 语态、Mood 语气
the passive voice 被动语态          the active voice 主动语态  
the indicative mood 陈述语气         the imperative mood 祈使语气 
the subjunctive mood 虚拟语气
 
9．Classification of adverbs 副词的分类
adverbs of place 地点副词            adverbs of time 时间副词  
adverbs of degree程度副词          adverbs of manner 方式副词 
adverbs of frequency频度副词        relative adverbs 关系副词 
interrogative adverbs 疑问副词      conjunctive adverbs连接副词

10． Members of the sentence 句子成分
   the subject 主语   the predicate 谓语  the predicative 表语  the object 宾语  the attribute 定语        the adverbial 状语   the appositive 同位语 
 independent elements 独立成分      the direct object 直接宾语  
the indirect object 间接宾语        parenthesis 插入语
the double possessive 双重所有格     the formal subject/object 形式主语/宾语     subject complement 主语补足语      object complement  宾语补足语  

11．Classification of sentences句子的分类
declarative sentences 陈述句            imperative sentences 祈使句  
exclamatory sentences感叹句           interrogative sentences 疑问句  
general questions 一般疑问句           special questions 特殊疑问句  
alternative questions选择疑问句       disjunctive questions 反意疑问句 
tap questions 附加疑问句               simple sentences 简单句 
compound sentences 复合句             complex sentences 并列句 
elliptical sentences 省略句     phrase 短语   preposition phrases 介词短语  infinitive phrases 不定式短语     the question word 疑问词

12．Clauses 从句
 main clauses 主句                  subject clauses 主语从句 
 object clauses宾语从句              direct speech 直接引语        
 indirect speech 间接引语            predicate clauses 谓语从句        
 predicative clauses 表语从句         attributive clauses定语从句 
 restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句  the antecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限定性定语从句
appositive clauses同位语从句          adverbial clauses状语从句
adverbial clauses of
time/ place / cause / condition / degree  / result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 时间/地点/原因/条件/程度/结果/让步/目的/比较/方式状语从句    sentences of real condition真实条件句  sentences of unreal condition 虚拟条件句           natural word-order 自然语序          inverted word-order 倒装语序 
full inversion 完全倒装            partial inversion 部分倒装 
ellipsis 省略                transformation of sentences 句型转换 
analysis of sentences 句子分析 

13. Punctuation 标点符号
    period/full stop 句号       comma 逗号      semicolon分号  
colon 冒号              dash 破折号       hyphen连字号 
    brackets 括号           question mark 问号 
quotation marks 引号     apostrophe 省略号 

14．The pronunciation of English 英语发音   
international phonetic国际音标      the sounds of English 英语语音 
vowels 元音    pure vowels 单元音      diphthongs 双元音
semi-vowel 半元音     consonants 辅音      nasal 鼻音  
plosive 爆破音        fricative磨擦音     affricate 破擦音     
voiced sounds浊音       voiceless 清音 
  length mark 长音符号    stress 重读    main stress 主重读音节 
 secondary stress 次重读音节       unstressed 非重读音节 
rhythm 节奏         intonation 语调      a level pitch 平调 
 rising tune 升调       falling tune 降调