《英语国家概况》考试真题及参考答案（2009-2005）
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1. Strictly speaking, “the British Isles” refers to_______.
A. Great Britain B. Ireland C. the United Kingdom D. Great Britain and Ireland
2. Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England?
A. Edward I B. Henry II C. Alfred the Great D. William the Conqueror
3. The spirit of the Great Charter was ______.
A. a limitation of the powers of the king B. a guarantee of the freedom of the serfs
C. a limitation of the powers of the Church D. a declaration of equality among all people
4. Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death?
A. Much land was left untended.
B. There was a terrible shortage of labour.
C. The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining.
D. Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming.
5. The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between ______.
A. Britain and France B. the Parliament and the Crown
C. the working people and the aristocrats D. two branches of the Plantagenet family
6. The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called ______.
A. Romantic poetry B. Romantic fiction C. Elizabethan poetry D. Elizabethan drama
7. British constitutional monarchy is a system under which the powers of the ______ are limited by Parliament or the constitution.
A. church B. king or queen C. government ministers D. Bishop’s court
8. The Tories in Britain were the forerunners of ______, which still bears this nickname today.
A. the Labor Party B. the Liberal Party
C. the Conservative Party D. the Social Democratic Party
9. Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement?
A. Equal electoral districts B. Voting by secret ballot
C. The vote for all adult males D. The vote for all adult females
10. During the First World War, Britain was allied with ______.
A. Turkey B. the Central Powers
C. France and Russia D. Germany and Austria-Hungary
11. Who was the man that led Britain in the crisis of the Second World War?
A. George VI B. Theodore Roosevelt
C. Neville Chamberlain D. Sir Winston Churchill
12. The new policies adopted by Mrs. Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as ______.
A. Thatcherism B. the New Deal C. New Frontier D. Keynesianism
13. Over the past one thousand years, the British ______ has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660.
A. Cabinet B. Parliament C. Monarchy D. Privy Council
14. Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain?
A. The Queen B. The Parliament
C. The House of Lords D. The Church of England
15. In Britain, a full meeting of ______ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.
A. the Privy Council B. the Parliament
C. the House of Commons D. the House of Lords
16. Which of the following is NOT involved in the British judicial responsibilities?
A. Attorney General B. Ministry of Justice
C. The Lord Chancellor D. The Home Secretary
17. Bank holidays in Britain refer to ______.
A. official public holidays B. holidays for the banks only
C. public holidays except for the banks D. holidays for the financial institutions only
18. Which statement about the British universities is NOT true?
A. They enjoy academic freedom.
B. They cannot appoint their own staff.
C. They are governed by royal charters.
D. They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.
19. ______, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century.
A. Basketball B. Tennis C. Football D. Baseball
20. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______.
A. the Prime Minister B. the Lord Chancellor
C. the Home Secretary D. the Attorney General
21. Which statement about the Puritans is NOT true?
A. The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.
B. The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants.
C. They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.
D. They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.
22. The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S. is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.
A. blacks B. Asians C. Indians D. Hispanics
23. The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______.
A. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John Jay
B. George Washington, James Madison and John Jay
C. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay
D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams
24. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______.
A. the Southern States of America B. the Federalist States of America
C. the Confederate States of America D. the Anti-confederate States of America
25. With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______.
A. a rapid growth of cities B. an influx of foreign goods
C. an increase of urban ghettos D. a great increase in the number of farms
26. In the early 19th century, ______ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States.
A. J.P. Morgan B. Woodrow Wilson C. Henry Rockefeller D. Theodore Roosevelt
27. The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American ______.
A. religious intolerance B. intolerant nationalism
C. Progressive Movement D. deregulation of big trusts
28. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist, but the ______ suddenly changed the whole situation, which propelled the U.S. into the Second World War.
A. Pearl Harbor attack B. bombing of Guam island
C. seizing of American merchant ships D. sinking of American passenger ships
29. In 1962, President ______ finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from entering Cuba and demanded Soviet removal of the missiles there.
A. Nixon B. Truman C. Johnson D. Kennedy
30. In 1853, in the ______, another 30,000 square miles of Mexican land were added to the territory of the U.S.A.
A. Atlantic Purchase B. Mexican Purchase
C. Gadsden Purchase D. Louisiana Purchase
31. The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.
A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit
B. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
C. mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
D. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit
32. Which statement about the U.S. Constitution is NOT true?
A. It is the supreme law of the land.
B. It is the oldest written constitution in the world.
C. It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.
D. It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.
33. The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the ______ of the United States in January.
A. Chief Justice B. House Speaker
C. Secretary of State D. Senate Majority Leader
34. The U.S. Constitution provides that the ______ shall be President of the Senate.
A. Vice President B. Secretary of State
C. Senate Majority Leader D. Senate Minority Leader
35. Which one of the following is NOT government-run at the U.S. federal level?
A. Motor vehicle B. The road system
C. National defense D. The postal service
36. It is generally agreed that U.S. higher education began with the______.
A. Civil War B. Independence War
C. founding of Harvard College D. founding of Princeton University
37. Formal education in the United States consists of ______.
A. kindergarten, junior and senior education
B. junior, elementary and secondary education
C. elementary, secondary and higher education
D. kindergarten, secondary and higher education
38. In his Old Man and the Sea, Ernest Hemingway ______.
A. expresses the idea of facing defeat courageously
B. shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people
C. praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people
D. describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York
39. In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the center of American writing.
A. Boston B. Detroit C. New York City D. Philadelphia
40. The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S. is ______.
A. Halloween B. Veterans’ Day C. Thanksgiving Day D. Independence Day
41. The capital city of Ireland is ______.
A. Cork B. Dublin C. Galway D. Waterford
42. Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its ______.
A. racial unity B. racial homogeneity
C. multi-culturalism D. high rate of emigration
43. Ireland has the following demographic features EXCEPT ______.
A. a late marriage age
B. an excess of females in the population
C. a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages
D. a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration
44. Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada?
A. Ottawa B. Calgary C. Toronto D. Vancouver
45. Which of the following statements about immigration in Canada is NOT true?
A. It is estimated that one-third of Canadians were born in other countries.
B. Immigration has always been an important source of its population growth.
C. Immigration has played an important role in the development of its economy.
D. in the past Britain and Western Europe were the principal sources of Canadian immigration.
46. In terms of land area, Canada is the ______ largest country in the world.
A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth
47. The head of state of Australia is ______.
A. the Governor B. the President C. the Prime Minister D. the Queen of England
48. ______ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.
A. Perth B. Sydney C. Brisbane D. Melbourne
49. A ______, where two parts of the earth’s crust meet, runs the length of New Zealand.
A. fault line B. built area C. dormant volcano D. geothermal area
50. The Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 was an agreement between ______.
A. the Maori whalers and the British Crown
B. the Maori people and the British missionaries
C. the Maori traders and the British missionaries
D. the chiefs of the Maori people and the British Crown
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. What are the main functions of the British Parliament?
52. What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years?
53. What was the outcome of the English Civil War?
54. What are the three main Christian festivals in the U.K.?
55. What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom?
56. What was the most important document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon visited China in 1972?
57. What is the most central function of the U.S. Congress?
58. What are the two major parties that dominate American politics at the federal, state and local levels?
59. What are the two official languages used in Ireland?
60. Who are the native people living in Australia?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. Open University
62. The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain)
63. Muckrakers
64. The stock market crash of 1929
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1. Strictly speaking, “the British Isles” refers to_______.
A. Great Britain B. Ireland C. the United Kingdom D. Great Britain and Ireland
2. Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England?
A. Edward I B. Henry II C. Alfred the Great D. William the Conqueror
3. The spirit of the Great Charter was ______.
A. a limitation of the powers of the king B. a guarantee of the freedom of the serfs
C. a limitation of the powers of the Church D. a declaration of equality among all people
4. Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death?
A. Much land was left untended.
B. There was a terrible shortage of labour.
C. The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining.
D. Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming.
5. The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between ______.
A. Britain and France B. the Parliament and the Crown
C. the working people and the aristocrats D. two branches of the Plantagenet family
6. The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called ______.
A. Romantic poetry B. Romantic fiction C. Elizabethan poetry D. Elizabethan drama
7. British constitutional monarchy is a system under which the powers of the ______ are limited by Parliament or the constitution.
A. church B. king or queen C. government ministers D. Bishop’s court
8. The Tories in Britain were the forerunners of ______, which still bears this nickname today.
A. the Labor Party B. the Liberal Party
C. the Conservative Party D. the Social Democratic Party
9. Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement?
A. Equal electoral districts B. Voting by secret ballot
C. The vote for all adult males D. The vote for all adult females
10. During the First World War, Britain was allied with ______.
A. Turkey B. the Central Powers
C. France and Russia D. Germany and Austria-Hungary
11. Who was the man that led Britain in the crisis of the Second World War?
A. George VI B. Theodore Roosevelt
C. Neville Chamberlain D. Sir Winston Churchill
12. The new policies adopted by Mrs. Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as ______.
A. Thatcherism B. the New Deal C. New Frontier D. Keynesianism
13. Over the past one thousand years, the British ______ has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660.
A. Cabinet B. Parliament C. Monarchy D. Privy Council
14. Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain?
A. The Queen B. The Parliament
C. The House of Lords D. The Church of England
15. In Britain, a full meeting of ______ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.
A. the Privy Council B. the Parliament
C. the House of Commons D. the House of Lords
16. Which of the following is NOT involved in the British judicial responsibilities?
A. Attorney General B. Ministry of Justice
C. The Lord Chancellor D. The Home Secretary
17. Bank holidays in Britain refer to ______.
A. official public holidays B. holidays for the banks only
C. public holidays except for the banks D. holidays for the financial institutions only
18. Which statement about the British universities is NOT true?
A. They enjoy academic freedom.
B. They cannot appoint their own staff.
C. They are governed by royal charters.
D. They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.
19. ______, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century.
A. Basketball B. Tennis C. Football D. Baseball
20. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______.
A. the Prime Minister B. the Lord Chancellor
C. the Home Secretary D. the Attorney General
21. Which statement about the Puritans is NOT true?
A. The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.
B. The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants.
C. They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.
D. They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.
22. The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S. is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.
A. blacks B. Asians C. Indians D. Hispanics
23. The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______.
A. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John Jay
B. George Washington, James Madison and John Jay
C. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay
D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams
24. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______.
A. the Southern States of America B. the Federalist States of America
C. the Confederate States of America D. the Anti-confederate States of America
25. With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______.
A. a rapid growth of cities B. an influx of foreign goods
C. an increase of urban ghettos D. a great increase in the number of farms
26. In the early 19th century, ______ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States.
A. J.P. Morgan B. Woodrow Wilson C. Henry Rockefeller D. Theodore Roosevelt
27. The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American ______.
A. religious intolerance B. intolerant nationalism
C. Progressive Movement D. deregulation of big trusts
28. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist, but the ______ suddenly changed the whole situation, which propelled the U.S. into the Second World War.
A. Pearl Harbor attack B. bombing of Guam island
C. seizing of American merchant ships D. sinking of American passenger ships
29. In 1962, President ______ finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from entering Cuba and demanded Soviet removal of the missiles there.
A. Nixon B. Truman C. Johnson D. Kennedy
30. In 1853, in the ______, another 30,000 square miles of Mexican land were added to the territory of the U.S.A.
A. Atlantic Purchase B. Mexican Purchase
C. Gadsden Purchase D. Louisiana Purchase
31. The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.
A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit
B. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
C. mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
D. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit
32. Which statement about the U.S. Constitution is NOT true?
A. It is the supreme law of the land.
B. It is the oldest written constitution in the world.
C. It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.
D. It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.
33. The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the ______ of the United States in January.
A. Chief Justice B. House Speaker
C. Secretary of State D. Senate Majority Leader
34. The U.S. Constitution provides that the ______ shall be President of the Senate.
A. Vice President B. Secretary of State
C. Senate Majority Leader D. Senate Minority Leader
35. Which one of the following is NOT government-run at the U.S. federal level?
A. Motor vehicle B. The road system
C. National defense D. The postal service
36. It is generally agreed that U.S. higher education began with the______.
A. Civil War B. Independence War
C. founding of Harvard College D. founding of Princeton University
37. Formal education in the United States consists of ______.
A. kindergarten, junior and senior education
B. junior, elementary and secondary education
C. elementary, secondary and higher education
D. kindergarten, secondary and higher education
38. In his Old Man and the Sea, Ernest Hemingway ______.
A. expresses the idea of facing defeat courageously
B. shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people
C. praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people
D. describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York
39. In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the center of American writing.
A. Boston B. Detroit C. New York City D. Philadelphia
40. The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S. is ______.
A. Halloween B. Veterans’ Day C. Thanksgiving Day D. Independence Day
41. The capital city of Ireland is ______.
A. Cork B. Dublin C. Galway D. Waterford
42. Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its ______.
A. racial unity B. racial homogeneity
C. multi-culturalism D. high rate of emigration
43. Ireland has the following demographic features EXCEPT ______.
A. a late marriage age
B. an excess of females in the population
C. a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages
D. a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration
44. Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada?
A. Ottawa B. Calgary C. Toronto D. Vancouver
45. Which of the following statements about immigration in Canada is NOT true?
A. It is estimated that one-third of Canadians were born in other countries.
B. Immigration has always been an important source of its population growth.
C. Immigration has played an important role in the development of its economy.
D. in the past Britain and Western Europe were the principal sources of Canadian immigration.
46. In terms of land area, Canada is the ______ largest country in the world.
A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth
47. The head of state of Australia is ______.
A. the Governor B. the President C. the Prime Minister D. the Queen of England
48. ______ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.
A. Perth B. Sydney C. Brisbane D. Melbourne
49. A ______, where two parts of the earth’s crust meet, runs the length of New Zealand.
A. fault line B. built area C. dormant volcano D. geothermal area
50. The Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 was an agreement between ______.
A. the Maori whalers and the British Crown
B. the Maori people and the British missionaries
C. the Maori traders and the British missionaries
D. the chiefs of the Maori people and the British Crown
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. What are the main functions of the British Parliament?
52. What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years?
53. What was the outcome of the English Civil War?
54. What are the three main Christian festivals in the U.K.?
55. What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom?
56. What was the most important document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon visited China in 1972?
57. What is the most central function of the U.S. Congress?
58. What are the two major parties that dominate American politics at the federal, state and local levels?
59. What are the two official languages used in Ireland?
60. Who are the native people living in Australia?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. Open University
62. The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain)
63. Muckrakers
64. The stock market crash of 1929
2009年试题参考答案
I.
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D
41. B 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. D
II.
51. They are law-making, authorizing taxation and public expenditures, and examining the actions of the government.
52. France and Spain.
53. King Charles I was defeated and executed. Then a Commonwealth was declared by Oliver Cromwell and he became the Lord Protector.
54. They are Christmas, Easter, and Whit Sunday.
55. They are the automobile, housing, and defense industries.
56. It was the Shanghai Communiqué.
57. It is the pass of the law.
58. They are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
59. They are Irish (or the Gaelic) and English.
60. They are the Aboriginals.
III.
61. Open University: The Open University is a non-residential university. It is so named because it is open to all to become students. The University was founded in 1969 and began its first courses in 1970. The University offers degree and other courses for adult students of all ages in Britain and the other member countries of the European Union. It uses a combination of specially produced printed texts, correspondence tuition, television and radio broadcasts and audio/video cassettes.
62. The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain): The Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in the House. In carrying out his or her duties the Speaker is required to be impartial; he or she cannot debate or, as a general rule, vote on a measure, and it is his or her duty to see that all points of views have a fair hearing.
63. Muckrakers: Muckrakers refer to a group of reform-minded journalists at the turn of the 20th century, who made investigations and exposed various dark sides of the seemingly prosperous society.
64. The stock market crash of 1929: On October 24, 1929, the New York stock market crashed. It was called Black Thursday because it was the beginning of a long economic depression. The Great Depression had far-reaching consequences. It swept through the globe quickly. The rate of unemployment increased rapidly. A great deal of companies and businesses closed and went into bankruptcy. American economy didn't recover until the New Deal was put forward.
I.
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D
41. B 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. D
II.
51. They are law-making, authorizing taxation and public expenditures, and examining the actions of the government.
52. France and Spain.
53. King Charles I was defeated and executed. Then a Commonwealth was declared by Oliver Cromwell and he became the Lord Protector.
54. They are Christmas, Easter, and Whit Sunday.
55. They are the automobile, housing, and defense industries.
56. It was the Shanghai Communiqué.
57. It is the pass of the law.
58. They are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
59. They are Irish (or the Gaelic) and English.
60. They are the Aboriginals.
III.
61. Open University: The Open University is a non-residential university. It is so named because it is open to all to become students. The University was founded in 1969 and began its first courses in 1970. The University offers degree and other courses for adult students of all ages in Britain and the other member countries of the European Union. It uses a combination of specially produced printed texts, correspondence tuition, television and radio broadcasts and audio/video cassettes.
62. The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain): The Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in the House. In carrying out his or her duties the Speaker is required to be impartial; he or she cannot debate or, as a general rule, vote on a measure, and it is his or her duty to see that all points of views have a fair hearing.
63. Muckrakers: Muckrakers refer to a group of reform-minded journalists at the turn of the 20th century, who made investigations and exposed various dark sides of the seemingly prosperous society.
64. The stock market crash of 1929: On October 24, 1929, the New York stock market crashed. It was called Black Thursday because it was the beginning of a long economic depression. The Great Depression had far-reaching consequences. It swept through the globe quickly. The rate of unemployment increased rapidly. A great deal of companies and businesses closed and went into bankruptcy. American economy didn't recover until the New Deal was put forward.
全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
Ⅰ. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1．About a hundred years ago, as a result of its imperialist expansion, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and ______ of the world’s land area.
A．half B．one third C．one fourth D．one fifth
2．Which of the following statements about the Celts is NOT true?
A．They were ironworkers.
B．They were practiced farmers.
C．They spoke Anglo-Saxon English.
D．They drained much of the marshlands and built houses.
3．The spirit of the ______ was the limitation of the powers of the king.
A．Book of Concord B．Magna Carta C．Domesday Book D．common law
4．______ was above all responsible for the religious reform in England.
A．Alfred the Great B．EdwardⅠ C．HenryⅧ D．William the Conqueror
5．The name Wars of the Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century novelist ______.
A．Sir Thomas Browne B．Sir Max Beerbohm
C．Sir Walter Scott D．Sir Norman Angell
6．Elizabeth’s relationship with Parliament was often ______.
A．peaceful B．turbulent C．cooperative D．harmonious
7．______ was generally considered the transitional period between the Middle Ages and modern times, covering the years c.1350-c.1650.
A．The Reformation B．The Renaissance
C．The Restoration D．The Glorious Revolution
8．Loosely speaking, ______ were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.
A．the Whigs B．the Tories
C．the members of the Labor Party D．the members of the Conservative Party
9．As a result of the agriculture enclosure in England in the late 18th century, ______.
A．diet became less varied
B．the English tenants got benefits
C．farms became smaller and smaller
D．peasant farmers had to look for work in towns
10．One of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War is that ______.
A．it improved British economy
B．it strengthened the British Empire
C．it hastened the end of the British Empire
D．it hastened the end of the British Commonwealth
11．The Prime Minister of Britain was ______.
A．appointed by the Queen
B．elected by the Parliament
C．voted directly by the people of the country
D．selected from the members of the Parliament
12．Apart from Britain, the Queen is also the head of state of the following countries EXCEPT ______.
A．Australia B．Canada C．New Zealand D．South Africa
13．In the U.K., the public are admitted to ______ in the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
A．the Stranger’s Galleries B．the Tate Gallery
C．the National Gallery D．the State Galleries
14．In Britain, the position of ______ is traditionally held by the Prime Minister.
A．Minister of Defense B．First Lord of the Treasury
C．Lord Chancellor D．Minister of Education
15．______ is NOT the function of the British Parliament.
A．Examining and making laws
B．Examining the actions of the government
C．Authorizing taxation and public expenditure
D．Maintaining the supreme authority of the Sovereign
16．No.10 Downing Street in London is ______.
A．the official residence of the Queen
B．the office building of Lord Chancellor
C．the meeting place of the British Parliament
D．the official residence of British Prime Minister
17．There are two established Churches in Britain, that is, ______.
A．the Church of Wales and the Church of Ireland
B．the Church of England and the Church of Wales
C．the Church of Scotland and the Church of Ireland
D．the Church of England and the Church of Scotland
18．______ is a public holiday in Britain.
A．The National Day B．Guy Fawkes Day C．Boxing Day D．April Fools’ Day
19．______ newspapers are directed at readers who want full information on a wide range
of public matters.
A．Quality B．Popular C．“Mid-market” D．Tabloid
20．The Privy Council includes ______.
A．all Cabinet ministers B．all the Archbishops in Britain
C．all members of the House of Lords D．all members of the House of Commons
21．______ of New York used to be an important immigration reception spot.
A．Ellis Island B．Manhattan C．Brooklyn D．Long Island
22．______ to the Constitution, as the foundation of the American constitutional system, were called the Bill of Rights.
A．The first three amendments B．The first five amendments
C．The first ten amendments D．The first twelve amendments
23．After much debate, the Compromise of 1850 was passed, which allowed ______ to be
accepted as a free state.
A．Utah B．California C．Louisiana D．New Mexico
24．The Articles of Confederation in 1781 was unusual because it provided for ______.
A．no king B．a strong central government
C．civil rights D．taxation powers
25．The Federalist Papers are regarded as the best explanation of the ______.
A．19th Amendment B．Articles of Confederation
C．Bill of Rights D．U.S. Constitution
26．After the Civil War, ______ became a strong trend in American economy.
A．disappearance of private business B．increase in capital investment
C．monopoly by big business D．nationalization of enterprises
27．The Peace Conference in 1919 was dominated by the Big Four, that is, ______.
A．the United States, Britain, Spain and Italy
B．the United States, Japan, France and Italy
C．the United States, Britain, France and Italy
D．the United States, Britain, France and Russia
28．The Great Depression in 1929 was caused by all the following BUT______.
A．stock market speculation
B．over-expansion of credit
C．too much investment in companies
D．lack of stability in the banking system
29．In his inaugural speech,______ said that“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”.
A．Lyndon Johnson B．Theodore Roosevelt
C．John F. Kennedy D．Franklin Roosevelt
30．The Second World War came to an end in ______.
A．1945 B．1946 C．1947 D．1949
31．In 1947 the Truman Administration decided to provide aid for ______ to prevent these two countries from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union.
A．Poland and Romania B．Germany and Italy
C．the U.K. and France D．Greece and Turkey
32．Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year period of economic boom, but its ______ industry did not experience great development.
A．automobile B．aerospace C．housing D．defense
33．The ______ turned out to be America’s longest war it had ever fought.
A．First World War B．Second World War
C．Korean War D．Vietnam War
34．The U.S. Constitution allows the President to give ______ and pardons in federal criminal cases.
A．absolutions B．reprieves C．testimonies D．amnesties
35．In the U.S. each local school district has a governing board which is usually ______.
A．elected by the voters
B．chosen from the teaching staff
C．selected from the local community
D．appointed by the county magistrate
36．In America, the Constitution provides that ______ shall be President of the Senate.
A．the Speaker of the House B．the Secretary of State
C．the Chief Justice D．the Vice President
37．Higher education in the United States began with the founding of ______ in 1636.
A．MIT B．Yale University C．Harvard College D．Princeton University
38．Theodore Dreiser was the literary representative of American______.
A．Romanticists B．Transcendentalists C．Modernists D．Naturalists
39．In his Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway praises the old fisherman’s ______.
A．courage to accept misery in life B．attitude towards defeat and failure
C．courage to fight monsters in the sea D．attitude towards the risks of high seas
40．One of the goals set by President Bush in his plan “America 2000” is ______.
A．increasing the adult literacy rate
B．eliminating drugs and violence at school
C．bettering all the students’ foreign languages
D．improving the high-school graduation rate to 80%
41．Quebec differs from other Canadian provinces because ______.
A．it is very rich in oil
B．it is ideal for wheat growing
C．it has a strong French culture
D．its tourist trade is very important to the economy
42．In 1885,Canada was linked from coast to coast because ______.
A．a canal was constructed
B．many expressways were built
C．a national highway was finished
D．the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed
43．______, the second largest city of Canada, is located in Quebec.
A．Montreal B．Vancouver C．Toronto D．Ottawa
44．Adelaide is internationally well-known ______.
A．for its arts festival
B．for its leading role in lumbering
C．for its most prosperous agriculture
D．for its production of half of the world’s opals
45．Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is the capital of ______.
A．Victoria B．Queensland C．South Australia D．New South Wales
46．Most of the land in Australia’s rural areas is used ______.
A．for grazing sheep and cattle
B．for dams and farm buildings
C．for growing vegetables and sugar canes
D．for growing crops like wheat and other grains
47．According to the Waitangi Treaty, if the Maoris want to sell land, only ______ will have the right to buy.
A．the Maoris themselves B．the Crown
C．the British citizens D．the local government
48．The natural disasters in New Zealand may include ______.
A．earthquakes, volcanoes and flooding
B．volcanoes, flooding and heavy snows
C．earthquakes, flooding, and heavy snows
D．volcanoes, heavy snows and earthquakes
49．During the 19th century, ______ was a most important reason for a century-long population decline in Ireland.
A．war B．flood C．famine D．earthquake
50．Today 93% of the Irish population are ______.
A．Puritans B．Roman Catholics C．Anglicans D．Christians
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. When did the recorded history of Britain begin?
52. What was the military significance of the destruction of the Spanish Armada for Britain?
53. How many Members of Parliament does the House of Commons in the U.K. consist of?
54. Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.
55. What are the three branches in the U.S. federal government?
56. What does IBM stand for?
57. On which side did Canada fight during WWⅡ?
58. What kinds of vegetation are suitable for the hot dry climate in Australia?
59. What is partly the reason for New Zealand to have changeable weather and to be often windy?
60. What was the result of growing Irish nationalism in the early decades of the 20th century?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. bank holidays
62. constitutional monarchy
63. “No taxation without representation”
64. the U.S. Federal system
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
Ⅰ. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1．About a hundred years ago, as a result of its imperialist expansion, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and ______ of the world’s land area.
A．half B．one third C．one fourth D．one fifth
2．Which of the following statements about the Celts is NOT true?
A．They were ironworkers.
B．They were practiced farmers.
C．They spoke Anglo-Saxon English.
D．They drained much of the marshlands and built houses.
3．The spirit of the ______ was the limitation of the powers of the king.
A．Book of Concord B．Magna Carta C．Domesday Book D．common law
4．______ was above all responsible for the religious reform in England.
A．Alfred the Great B．EdwardⅠ C．HenryⅧ D．William the Conqueror
5．The name Wars of the Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century novelist ______.
A．Sir Thomas Browne B．Sir Max Beerbohm
C．Sir Walter Scott D．Sir Norman Angell
6．Elizabeth’s relationship with Parliament was often ______.
A．peaceful B．turbulent C．cooperative D．harmonious
7．______ was generally considered the transitional period between the Middle Ages and modern times, covering the years c.1350-c.1650.
A．The Reformation B．The Renaissance
C．The Restoration D．The Glorious Revolution
8．Loosely speaking, ______ were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.
A．the Whigs B．the Tories
C．the members of the Labor Party D．the members of the Conservative Party
9．As a result of the agriculture enclosure in England in the late 18th century, ______.
A．diet became less varied
B．the English tenants got benefits
C．farms became smaller and smaller
D．peasant farmers had to look for work in towns
10．One of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War is that ______.
A．it improved British economy
B．it strengthened the British Empire
C．it hastened the end of the British Empire
D．it hastened the end of the British Commonwealth
11．The Prime Minister of Britain was ______.
A．appointed by the Queen
B．elected by the Parliament
C．voted directly by the people of the country
D．selected from the members of the Parliament
12．Apart from Britain, the Queen is also the head of state of the following countries EXCEPT ______.
A．Australia B．Canada C．New Zealand D．South Africa
13．In the U.K., the public are admitted to ______ in the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
A．the Stranger’s Galleries B．the Tate Gallery
C．the National Gallery D．the State Galleries
14．In Britain, the position of ______ is traditionally held by the Prime Minister.
A．Minister of Defense B．First Lord of the Treasury
C．Lord Chancellor D．Minister of Education
15．______ is NOT the function of the British Parliament.
A．Examining and making laws
B．Examining the actions of the government
C．Authorizing taxation and public expenditure
D．Maintaining the supreme authority of the Sovereign
16．No.10 Downing Street in London is ______.
A．the official residence of the Queen
B．the office building of Lord Chancellor
C．the meeting place of the British Parliament
D．the official residence of British Prime Minister
17．There are two established Churches in Britain, that is, ______.
A．the Church of Wales and the Church of Ireland
B．the Church of England and the Church of Wales
C．the Church of Scotland and the Church of Ireland
D．the Church of England and the Church of Scotland
18．______ is a public holiday in Britain.
A．The National Day B．Guy Fawkes Day C．Boxing Day D．April Fools’ Day
19．______ newspapers are directed at readers who want full information on a wide range
of public matters.
A．Quality B．Popular C．“Mid-market” D．Tabloid
20．The Privy Council includes ______.
A．all Cabinet ministers B．all the Archbishops in Britain
C．all members of the House of Lords D．all members of the House of Commons
21．______ of New York used to be an important immigration reception spot.
A．Ellis Island B．Manhattan C．Brooklyn D．Long Island
22．______ to the Constitution, as the foundation of the American constitutional system, were called the Bill of Rights.
A．The first three amendments B．The first five amendments
C．The first ten amendments D．The first twelve amendments
23．After much debate, the Compromise of 1850 was passed, which allowed ______ to be
accepted as a free state.
A．Utah B．California C．Louisiana D．New Mexico
24．The Articles of Confederation in 1781 was unusual because it provided for ______.
A．no king B．a strong central government
C．civil rights D．taxation powers
25．The Federalist Papers are regarded as the best explanation of the ______.
A．19th Amendment B．Articles of Confederation
C．Bill of Rights D．U.S. Constitution
26．After the Civil War, ______ became a strong trend in American economy.
A．disappearance of private business B．increase in capital investment
C．monopoly by big business D．nationalization of enterprises
27．The Peace Conference in 1919 was dominated by the Big Four, that is, ______.
A．the United States, Britain, Spain and Italy
B．the United States, Japan, France and Italy
C．the United States, Britain, France and Italy
D．the United States, Britain, France and Russia
28．The Great Depression in 1929 was caused by all the following BUT______.
A．stock market speculation
B．over-expansion of credit
C．too much investment in companies
D．lack of stability in the banking system
29．In his inaugural speech,______ said that“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”.
A．Lyndon Johnson B．Theodore Roosevelt
C．John F. Kennedy D．Franklin Roosevelt
30．The Second World War came to an end in ______.
A．1945 B．1946 C．1947 D．1949
31．In 1947 the Truman Administration decided to provide aid for ______ to prevent these two countries from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union.
A．Poland and Romania B．Germany and Italy
C．the U.K. and France D．Greece and Turkey
32．Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year period of economic boom, but its ______ industry did not experience great development.
A．automobile B．aerospace C．housing D．defense
33．The ______ turned out to be America’s longest war it had ever fought.
A．First World War B．Second World War
C．Korean War D．Vietnam War
34．The U.S. Constitution allows the President to give ______ and pardons in federal criminal cases.
A．absolutions B．reprieves C．testimonies D．amnesties
35．In the U.S. each local school district has a governing board which is usually ______.
A．elected by the voters
B．chosen from the teaching staff
C．selected from the local community
D．appointed by the county magistrate
36．In America, the Constitution provides that ______ shall be President of the Senate.
A．the Speaker of the House B．the Secretary of State
C．the Chief Justice D．the Vice President
37．Higher education in the United States began with the founding of ______ in 1636.
A．MIT B．Yale University C．Harvard College D．Princeton University
38．Theodore Dreiser was the literary representative of American______.
A．Romanticists B．Transcendentalists C．Modernists D．Naturalists
39．In his Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway praises the old fisherman’s ______.
A．courage to accept misery in life B．attitude towards defeat and failure
C．courage to fight monsters in the sea D．attitude towards the risks of high seas
40．One of the goals set by President Bush in his plan “America 2000” is ______.
A．increasing the adult literacy rate
B．eliminating drugs and violence at school
C．bettering all the students’ foreign languages
D．improving the high-school graduation rate to 80%
41．Quebec differs from other Canadian provinces because ______.
A．it is very rich in oil
B．it is ideal for wheat growing
C．it has a strong French culture
D．its tourist trade is very important to the economy
42．In 1885,Canada was linked from coast to coast because ______.
A．a canal was constructed
B．many expressways were built
C．a national highway was finished
D．the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed
43．______, the second largest city of Canada, is located in Quebec.
A．Montreal B．Vancouver C．Toronto D．Ottawa
44．Adelaide is internationally well-known ______.
A．for its arts festival
B．for its leading role in lumbering
C．for its most prosperous agriculture
D．for its production of half of the world’s opals
45．Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is the capital of ______.
A．Victoria B．Queensland C．South Australia D．New South Wales
46．Most of the land in Australia’s rural areas is used ______.
A．for grazing sheep and cattle
B．for dams and farm buildings
C．for growing vegetables and sugar canes
D．for growing crops like wheat and other grains
47．According to the Waitangi Treaty, if the Maoris want to sell land, only ______ will have the right to buy.
A．the Maoris themselves B．the Crown
C．the British citizens D．the local government
48．The natural disasters in New Zealand may include ______.
A．earthquakes, volcanoes and flooding
B．volcanoes, flooding and heavy snows
C．earthquakes, flooding, and heavy snows
D．volcanoes, heavy snows and earthquakes
49．During the 19th century, ______ was a most important reason for a century-long population decline in Ireland.
A．war B．flood C．famine D．earthquake
50．Today 93% of the Irish population are ______.
A．Puritans B．Roman Catholics C．Anglicans D．Christians
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. When did the recorded history of Britain begin?
52. What was the military significance of the destruction of the Spanish Armada for Britain?
53. How many Members of Parliament does the House of Commons in the U.K. consist of?
54. Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.
55. What are the three branches in the U.S. federal government?
56. What does IBM stand for?
57. On which side did Canada fight during WWⅡ?
58. What kinds of vegetation are suitable for the hot dry climate in Australia?
59. What is partly the reason for New Zealand to have changeable weather and to be often windy?
60. What was the result of growing Irish nationalism in the early decades of the 20th century?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. bank holidays
62. constitutional monarchy
63. “No taxation without representation”
64. the U.S. Federal system
2008年试题参考答案
Ⅰ.
1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9． D 10．C
11．A 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．D 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．A
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．C 28．C 29．D 30．A
31．D 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．B
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．B
II.
51. British recorded history began with the Roman invasion around 55 BC.
52. It showed England's superiority as a naval power.
53. It consists of 651 Members of Parliament.
54. Virginia, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Georgia. (Any three names of the above are acceptable.)
55. They are the legislative, the executive and the judicial branches.
56. It stands for International Business Machines.
57. Canada fought as an ally of Britain (1939-1945).
58. Small plants such as grasses and shrubs rather than forests are suitable for the hot dry climate in Australia.
59. Because New Zealand is an island in southern latitudes, it has changeable weather and it is often windy.
60. Irish nationalism became stronger and even more violent in the early decades of the 20th century and climaxed in the Eastern Uprising of 1916 in which an Irish Republic was proclaimed.
III.
61. Bank holidays are also called official public holidays. The term "Bank Holiday" goes back to the Bank Holidays Act of 1871, which owes its name to the fact that banks are closed on the days specified.
62. A constitutional monarchy is a country in which the head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reigns but does not rule.
63. The people in the British colonies opposed the unfair treatment by the British government. They declared, "No taxation without representation", that is, without their representatives taking part in decision-making, they had no obligation to pay taxes to Britain.
64. The U.S. Constitution sets up a federal system of government which has two layers of rule. There is central or federal government for the nation which alone has the power to answer questions that affect the nation as a whole. There are also state and local governments. Each layer of government has separate and distinct powers laid down in the Constitution.
Ⅰ.
1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9． D 10．C
11．A 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．D 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．A
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．C 28．C 29．D 30．A
31．D 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．B
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．B
II.
51. British recorded history began with the Roman invasion around 55 BC.
52. It showed England's superiority as a naval power.
53. It consists of 651 Members of Parliament.
54. Virginia, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Georgia. (Any three names of the above are acceptable.)
55. They are the legislative, the executive and the judicial branches.
56. It stands for International Business Machines.
57. Canada fought as an ally of Britain (1939-1945).
58. Small plants such as grasses and shrubs rather than forests are suitable for the hot dry climate in Australia.
59. Because New Zealand is an island in southern latitudes, it has changeable weather and it is often windy.
60. Irish nationalism became stronger and even more violent in the early decades of the 20th century and climaxed in the Eastern Uprising of 1916 in which an Irish Republic was proclaimed.
III.
61. Bank holidays are also called official public holidays. The term "Bank Holiday" goes back to the Bank Holidays Act of 1871, which owes its name to the fact that banks are closed on the days specified.
62. A constitutional monarchy is a country in which the head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reigns but does not rule.
63. The people in the British colonies opposed the unfair treatment by the British government. They declared, "No taxation without representation", that is, without their representatives taking part in decision-making, they had no obligation to pay taxes to Britain.
64. The U.S. Constitution sets up a federal system of government which has two layers of rule. There is central or federal government for the nation which alone has the power to answer questions that affect the nation as a whole. There are also state and local governments. Each layer of government has separate and distinct powers laid down in the Constitution.
全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
I．Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1．Which of the following is NOT true of Elizabeth I?
A．Her religious reform was a compromise of views.
B．Her religious reform was welcomed by both the Puritans and ardent Catholics.
C．She desired “that there should be outward conformity to the Established religion”.
D．She broke Mary’s ties with Rome and restored her father’s independent Church of England.
2．The Restoration in English history took place in _______.
A．1042 B．1066 C．1606 D．1660
3．Historically, _______ were ferocious people, but they laid the foundations of the English state.
A．the Celts B．the Vikings C．the Anglo-Saxons D．the Normans
4．William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _________.
A．William Rufus B．William the Confessor
C．William the Great D．William the Conqueror
5．In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of _______ which still bears the nickname today.
A．the Social and Democratic Liberal Party
B．the Liberal Party
C．the Labor Party
D．the Conservative Party
6．The person who was responsible for the religious Reformation of England in the 16th century was _________.
A．Edward VIII B．Henry VIII C．Elizabeth I D．Edward VI
7．Queen Mary Tudor has been known as “Bloody Mary ”because under her reign ________.
A．a series of bloody wars were fought
B．many Protestants were persecuted and burnt as heretics
C．many rebel peasants were put to death
D．many protesters against her rule were killed
8．The _______ developed later into the Lords and the Commons known as Parliament.
A．Witan B．Privy Council C．Public Records Office D．Great Council
9．In Britain,________ is the symbol of the whole nation.
A．the Queen B．the Prime Minister
C．the Prince D．the Parliament
10．Easter is the chief Christian festival, which celebrates________.
A．the birth of Jesus Christ B．the Resurrection of Jesus Christ
C．the coming of spring D．the revival of Christianity
11．The English king, who gave up his crown for the sake of a marriage with Wallis Simpson, was _______.
A. Henry Ⅷ B． Edward Ⅷ C．George Ⅵ D．James Ⅵ
12．Those who tried to destroy the hated machines during the English Industrial Revolution were called ______.
A．Destroyers B．Breakers C．Unionists D．Luddites
13．The great King of Wessex who fought against the invasion of the Danes in the 9th century was known as _______.
A．Hengist B．Alfred the Great C．the Pilgrim D．King of Picts
14．The Seven Year’s War (1756—1763) was fought between Britain and _______ for the colonization in North America.
A．Spain B．Russia C．Holland D．France
15．In Britain, the national newspapers can be divided into two groups: _______.
A．daily papers and weekly papers
B．daily papers and Sunday papers
C．weekly papers and monthly papers
D．weekly papers and quarterly papers
16．The People’s Charter was drawn up by _______ as their demands.
A．the London Working Men’s Association
B．the British Steel Corporation
C．the activists in the Chartist Movement
D．the Trade Union
17．Mrs. Margaret Thatcher, a Conservative Party leader in the 1980s, believed in the following EXCEPT _______.
A．self-reliance B．privatization
C．the strengthening of the trade unions D．the keeping of law and order
18．The two main tiers of local authority throughout England and Wales are ______.
A．counties and districts B．cities and towns
C．cities and villages D．cities and shires
19．In Britain, official public holidays are also called ______.
A．religious holidays B．saints’ holidays
C．memorial holidays D．bank holidays
20．The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ______.
A．Denmark B．Belgium C．the Netherlands D．France
21．Most of the first Chinese immigrants who came to the United States between 1850—1880 settled down in ______.
A．Florida B．Washington C．California D．New Jersey
22．In September, 1774 the First Continental Congress was held in ______, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.
A．New York B．Boston C．Philadelphia D．Concord
23．During the American westward movement, Democratic politician John L. O’Sullivan produced the famous theory of ______.
A． “Isolationism” B． “Good Neighbor Policy”
C． “Social Darwinism” D． “Manifest Destiny”
24．The American Constitution was finally adopted in 1789 by a narrow margin on the understanding that ______ after the Constitution came into force.
A．Washington would be president of the U.S.
B．the House of Representatives would be elected by each state
C．a Bill of Rights would be amended
D．each state would be equally represented in the Senate
25．In 1972, U.S. President ______ visited China, which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in January 1979.
A．Ronald Reagan B．Richard Nixon C．Jimmy Carter D．Gerald Ford
26．Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?
A．Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman.
B．Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson.
C．Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain.
D．Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser.
27．The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least ______ years of age.
A．30 B．35 C．40 D．45
28．On April 30th of 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in ______ which housed the first American government.
A．New York B．Washington C．Philadelphia D．Boston
29．Which of the following may NOT be President Wilson’s achievements in his program of New Freedom?
A．Making loans available to farmers at low rates.
B．Adopting an income tax.
C．Regulating trusts by stating clearly the unfair business practices.
D．Regulating railroad prices and their rebates.
30．In the U.S. the ______ refers to the people born in the period 1946—1964.
A． “lost generation” B． “me generation”
C． “blue-collar generation” D． “baby boom generation”
31．The conference that decided to set up a world organization ——the United Nations was held in ______.
A．Teheran B．Cairo C．Yalta D．Washington
32．The President of the United States can issue rules, regulations and instructions, which are called ______.
A．legal acts B．standing orders C．verdicts D．executive orders
33．The political theory of American Revolution came from the well-known philosopher ______.
A．Thomas Jefferson B．Thomas Paine C．Alexander Hamilton D．John Locke
34．Which statement is NOT true about the Great Depression in the 1930s?
A．Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few days.
B．Misery and personal sufferings were widespread.
C．Many lost their land and other properties because of foreclosures.
D．The stock market crash was the beginning of long economic recovery.
35．During the American Civil War, the victory at ______ proved to be the turning point for the Union Army.
A．Harrisburg B．Gettysburg C．Lexington D．Fort Sumter
36．Which statement is NOT true about the American Indians?
A．Heavy drinking and suicide rates are far above the national averages.
B．The average life expectancy of Indians is around 50 years.
C．All the American Indians are now living in the government reservations.
D．One fourth of the Indian families live below the poverty level.
37．The American Standard Oil Company was founded by ______.
A．John Rockefeller B．du Pont C．J.P. Morgan D．Andrew Carnegie
38．A typical example of American intolerant nationalism from 1919—1920 was ______ that exaggerated the danger of Communism.
A．McCarthyism B．the Ku Klux Klan C．the Red Scare D．Desegregation
39．Currently between 80% and 90% of immigrants to the U.S. are from ______ countries.
A．Asian and African B．European and Hispanic
C．Asian and Hispanic D．Scandinavian and Asian
40．______ is the only organization which has the power to interpret the U.S. Constitution.
A．The Supreme Court B．The Department of State
C．The House of Representatives D．The Senate
41．______ is British Columbia’s largest city and the third largest city in Canada.
A．Vancouver B．Toronto C．Quebec City D．Montreal
42．Almost half the land area of Canada is covered by ______.
A．forests B．deserts C．swamps D．bogs
43．During World War II, Canada fought as an ally of ______ with nearly one million people serving in the armed forces.
A．Germany B．Swiss C．Italy D．Britain
44．In Australia ______ has the country’s richest farmland and best grazing land.
A．the Great Western Plateau B．the Eastern Highlands
C．the Central Eastern Lowlands D．the Outback
45．In recent years Australian governments have encouraged people with different ethnic backgrounds to keep their own cultures. This policy is called ______.
A．assimilation B．integration C．multiculturalism D．alienation
46．Which of the following statements about Australia is NOT true?
A．It lies south of the equator.
B．It is the world’s smallest continent.
C．It is the flattest and lowest continent.
D．It is the continent that contains more than one country.
47．The first European to visit New Zealand was a/an ______, Abel Tasman.
A．Englishman B．Dutchman C．Frenchman D．German
48．______ is the capital of New Zealand.
A．Auckland B．Wellington C．Toronto D．Montreal
49．Which statement is NOT true about Ireland?
A．Ireland is divided into two political units.
B．Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.
C．The Republic of Ireland is an independent country.
D．Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds.
50．The largest river in Ireland is the ______, which provides electric power for much of the Republic.
A．Missouri River B．Shannon River C．Severn River D．Thames River
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. What is the official name of Great Britain?
52. What does “Oxbridge” refer to in Great Britain?
53. What are the responsibilities of British government education departments?
54. What does SAT stand for?
55. What are the two most important acts passed in the 1960s that helped to improve the political equality of the black people?
56. What is known as the “winner-take-all” system?
57. What does ACT stand for in Australian political division?
58. Why does New Zealand remain green all the year round?
59. What are the three main groups of settlers living north of 55 degree north latitude in Canada?
60. What is the most significant feature of Irish landscape, which covers all the mountains and large areas of lowlands?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. the Industrial Revolution
62. the Commonwealth
63. checks and balances
64. Electoral College
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
I．Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1．Which of the following is NOT true of Elizabeth I?
A．Her religious reform was a compromise of views.
B．Her religious reform was welcomed by both the Puritans and ardent Catholics.
C．She desired “that there should be outward conformity to the Established religion”.
D．She broke Mary’s ties with Rome and restored her father’s independent Church of England.
2．The Restoration in English history took place in _______.
A．1042 B．1066 C．1606 D．1660
3．Historically, _______ were ferocious people, but they laid the foundations of the English state.
A．the Celts B．the Vikings C．the Anglo-Saxons D．the Normans
4．William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _________.
A．William Rufus B．William the Confessor
C．William the Great D．William the Conqueror
5．In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of _______ which still bears the nickname today.
A．the Social and Democratic Liberal Party
B．the Liberal Party
C．the Labor Party
D．the Conservative Party
6．The person who was responsible for the religious Reformation of England in the 16th century was _________.
A．Edward VIII B．Henry VIII C．Elizabeth I D．Edward VI
7．Queen Mary Tudor has been known as “Bloody Mary ”because under her reign ________.
A．a series of bloody wars were fought
B．many Protestants were persecuted and burnt as heretics
C．many rebel peasants were put to death
D．many protesters against her rule were killed
8．The _______ developed later into the Lords and the Commons known as Parliament.
A．Witan B．Privy Council C．Public Records Office D．Great Council
9．In Britain,________ is the symbol of the whole nation.
A．the Queen B．the Prime Minister
C．the Prince D．the Parliament
10．Easter is the chief Christian festival, which celebrates________.
A．the birth of Jesus Christ B．the Resurrection of Jesus Christ
C．the coming of spring D．the revival of Christianity
11．The English king, who gave up his crown for the sake of a marriage with Wallis Simpson, was _______.
A. Henry Ⅷ B． Edward Ⅷ C．George Ⅵ D．James Ⅵ
12．Those who tried to destroy the hated machines during the English Industrial Revolution were called ______.
A．Destroyers B．Breakers C．Unionists D．Luddites
13．The great King of Wessex who fought against the invasion of the Danes in the 9th century was known as _______.
A．Hengist B．Alfred the Great C．the Pilgrim D．King of Picts
14．The Seven Year’s War (1756—1763) was fought between Britain and _______ for the colonization in North America.
A．Spain B．Russia C．Holland D．France
15．In Britain, the national newspapers can be divided into two groups: _______.
A．daily papers and weekly papers
B．daily papers and Sunday papers
C．weekly papers and monthly papers
D．weekly papers and quarterly papers
16．The People’s Charter was drawn up by _______ as their demands.
A．the London Working Men’s Association
B．the British Steel Corporation
C．the activists in the Chartist Movement
D．the Trade Union
17．Mrs. Margaret Thatcher, a Conservative Party leader in the 1980s, believed in the following EXCEPT _______.
A．self-reliance B．privatization
C．the strengthening of the trade unions D．the keeping of law and order
18．The two main tiers of local authority throughout England and Wales are ______.
A．counties and districts B．cities and towns
C．cities and villages D．cities and shires
19．In Britain, official public holidays are also called ______.
A．religious holidays B．saints’ holidays
C．memorial holidays D．bank holidays
20．The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ______.
A．Denmark B．Belgium C．the Netherlands D．France
21．Most of the first Chinese immigrants who came to the United States between 1850—1880 settled down in ______.
A．Florida B．Washington C．California D．New Jersey
22．In September, 1774 the First Continental Congress was held in ______, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.
A．New York B．Boston C．Philadelphia D．Concord
23．During the American westward movement, Democratic politician John L. O’Sullivan produced the famous theory of ______.
A． “Isolationism” B． “Good Neighbor Policy”
C． “Social Darwinism” D． “Manifest Destiny”
24．The American Constitution was finally adopted in 1789 by a narrow margin on the understanding that ______ after the Constitution came into force.
A．Washington would be president of the U.S.
B．the House of Representatives would be elected by each state
C．a Bill of Rights would be amended
D．each state would be equally represented in the Senate
25．In 1972, U.S. President ______ visited China, which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in January 1979.
A．Ronald Reagan B．Richard Nixon C．Jimmy Carter D．Gerald Ford
26．Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?
A．Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman.
B．Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson.
C．Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain.
D．Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser.
27．The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least ______ years of age.
A．30 B．35 C．40 D．45
28．On April 30th of 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in ______ which housed the first American government.
A．New York B．Washington C．Philadelphia D．Boston
29．Which of the following may NOT be President Wilson’s achievements in his program of New Freedom?
A．Making loans available to farmers at low rates.
B．Adopting an income tax.
C．Regulating trusts by stating clearly the unfair business practices.
D．Regulating railroad prices and their rebates.
30．In the U.S. the ______ refers to the people born in the period 1946—1964.
A． “lost generation” B． “me generation”
C． “blue-collar generation” D． “baby boom generation”
31．The conference that decided to set up a world organization ——the United Nations was held in ______.
A．Teheran B．Cairo C．Yalta D．Washington
32．The President of the United States can issue rules, regulations and instructions, which are called ______.
A．legal acts B．standing orders C．verdicts D．executive orders
33．The political theory of American Revolution came from the well-known philosopher ______.
A．Thomas Jefferson B．Thomas Paine C．Alexander Hamilton D．John Locke
34．Which statement is NOT true about the Great Depression in the 1930s?
A．Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few days.
B．Misery and personal sufferings were widespread.
C．Many lost their land and other properties because of foreclosures.
D．The stock market crash was the beginning of long economic recovery.
35．During the American Civil War, the victory at ______ proved to be the turning point for the Union Army.
A．Harrisburg B．Gettysburg C．Lexington D．Fort Sumter
36．Which statement is NOT true about the American Indians?
A．Heavy drinking and suicide rates are far above the national averages.
B．The average life expectancy of Indians is around 50 years.
C．All the American Indians are now living in the government reservations.
D．One fourth of the Indian families live below the poverty level.
37．The American Standard Oil Company was founded by ______.
A．John Rockefeller B．du Pont C．J.P. Morgan D．Andrew Carnegie
38．A typical example of American intolerant nationalism from 1919—1920 was ______ that exaggerated the danger of Communism.
A．McCarthyism B．the Ku Klux Klan C．the Red Scare D．Desegregation
39．Currently between 80% and 90% of immigrants to the U.S. are from ______ countries.
A．Asian and African B．European and Hispanic
C．Asian and Hispanic D．Scandinavian and Asian
40．______ is the only organization which has the power to interpret the U.S. Constitution.
A．The Supreme Court B．The Department of State
C．The House of Representatives D．The Senate
41．______ is British Columbia’s largest city and the third largest city in Canada.
A．Vancouver B．Toronto C．Quebec City D．Montreal
42．Almost half the land area of Canada is covered by ______.
A．forests B．deserts C．swamps D．bogs
43．During World War II, Canada fought as an ally of ______ with nearly one million people serving in the armed forces.
A．Germany B．Swiss C．Italy D．Britain
44．In Australia ______ has the country’s richest farmland and best grazing land.
A．the Great Western Plateau B．the Eastern Highlands
C．the Central Eastern Lowlands D．the Outback
45．In recent years Australian governments have encouraged people with different ethnic backgrounds to keep their own cultures. This policy is called ______.
A．assimilation B．integration C．multiculturalism D．alienation
46．Which of the following statements about Australia is NOT true?
A．It lies south of the equator.
B．It is the world’s smallest continent.
C．It is the flattest and lowest continent.
D．It is the continent that contains more than one country.
47．The first European to visit New Zealand was a/an ______, Abel Tasman.
A．Englishman B．Dutchman C．Frenchman D．German
48．______ is the capital of New Zealand.
A．Auckland B．Wellington C．Toronto D．Montreal
49．Which statement is NOT true about Ireland?
A．Ireland is divided into two political units.
B．Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.
C．The Republic of Ireland is an independent country.
D．Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds.
50．The largest river in Ireland is the ______, which provides electric power for much of the Republic.
A．Missouri River B．Shannon River C．Severn River D．Thames River
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. What is the official name of Great Britain?
52. What does “Oxbridge” refer to in Great Britain?
53. What are the responsibilities of British government education departments?
54. What does SAT stand for?
55. What are the two most important acts passed in the 1960s that helped to improve the political equality of the black people?
56. What is known as the “winner-take-all” system?
57. What does ACT stand for in Australian political division?
58. Why does New Zealand remain green all the year round?
59. What are the three main groups of settlers living north of 55 degree north latitude in Canada?
60. What is the most significant feature of Irish landscape, which covers all the mountains and large areas of lowlands?
III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. the Industrial Revolution
62. the Commonwealth
63. checks and balances
64. Electoral College
2007年试题参考答案
Ⅰ.
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B
11. B 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. D
21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. D
31. C 32. D 33. D 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. A
41. A 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. B
II.
51. The official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
52. It refers to the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
53. They formulate education policies and are also responsible for the supply and training of teachers.
54. It stands for Scholastic Aptitude Test, a test taken in the U. S. to measure students’ abilities before their entry into college.
55. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
56. The presidential candidate with the highest number of votes in each state wins all the electoral votes of that state.
57. It stands for Australian Capital Territory.
58. New Zealand native trees are evergreens, so the country remains green all the year round.
59. There are fur trappers, fishers and miners.
60. Bogs remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape.
Ⅲ.
61. The Industrial Revolution: It refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize in Europe.
62. The Commonwealth: It is a free association of 50 independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements. The Commonwealth has no special powers. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is left to each nation. At present there are 50 members within the Commonwealth (1991).
63. Checks and balances: The American government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each has part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.
64. Electoral College: The electors of all 50 states and the District of Columbia-a total of 538 persons---comprise what is known as the Electoral College. To be successful, a candidate for the Presidency must receive 270 votes.
Ⅰ.
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B
11. B 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. D
21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. D
31. C 32. D 33. D 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. A
41. A 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. B
II.
51. The official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
52. It refers to the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
53. They formulate education policies and are also responsible for the supply and training of teachers.
54. It stands for Scholastic Aptitude Test, a test taken in the U. S. to measure students’ abilities before their entry into college.
55. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
56. The presidential candidate with the highest number of votes in each state wins all the electoral votes of that state.
57. It stands for Australian Capital Territory.
58. New Zealand native trees are evergreens, so the country remains green all the year round.
59. There are fur trappers, fishers and miners.
60. Bogs remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape.
Ⅲ.
61. The Industrial Revolution: It refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize in Europe.
62. The Commonwealth: It is a free association of 50 independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements. The Commonwealth has no special powers. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is left to each nation. At present there are 50 members within the Commonwealth (1991).
63. Checks and balances: The American government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each has part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.
64. Electoral College: The electors of all 50 states and the District of Columbia-a total of 538 persons---comprise what is known as the Electoral College. To be successful, a candidate for the Presidency must receive 270 votes.
全国2006年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answer to the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, I point for each)
I. Which of the following is true about the British Commonwealth?
A. Members of nations arc joined together politically.
B. The Commonwealth has special powers.
C. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is made by Brian.
D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.
2. Under , the feudal system in England was completely established.
A. King Alfred B. Henry II C. Edward I D. William the Conqueror
3. The cause of the Hundred Years" War was .
A. territorial B. economic
C. partly territorial and partly economic D. partly territorial and partly religious
4. Which of the following is NOT true about the Anglo-Saxons?
A. They were regarded as ferocious people.
B. They established the manorial system.
C. They divided the country into different shires.
D. Their tribes were seldom at war with one another.
5. As a result of the Black Death, .
A. much land was left untended and there was a shortage of labour
B. landowners tended to change from sheep-farming to arable-farming
C. the government did not show much concern about the labour shortage
D. the government took several measures to raise the peasants" wages
6. The Norman Conquest in English history happened in .
A. 1035 B. 1042 C. 1066 D. 1606
7. Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Wars of the Roses?
A. Feudalism received its death-blow.
B. The great medieval nobility was much weakened.
C. The king's power became supreme.
D. Ordinary people were greatly affected.
8. In terms of press, are directed at readers who want full information on a wide range of public matters.
A. quality newspapers B. tabloids
C. popular newspapers D. mid-market newspapers
9. was the transitional period between the Middle Ages and Modern Times.
A. The Hundred Years" War B. Renaissance
C. The Wars of the Roses D. The English Civil War
10. The English Civil War is also called___.
A. the Puritan Revolution B. the Chartist Movement
C. the Wars of the Roses D. the Hundred Years' War
11. In December 1653, by an Instrument of Government, became Lard
Protector of the Commonwealth of England.
A. Richard l B. Oliver Cromwell C. Charles II D. James II
12. Two of the most famous literary works of the late 17th century were .
A. Hamlet and Paradise Lost
B. Pilgrim's Progress and Paradise Lost
C. Paradise Lost and Shepherd's Calendar
D. Romeo and Juliet and Shepherd's Calendar
13. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of .
A. economic penetration B. territorial aggression
C. cultural expansion D. military invasion
14. One of the most far-reaching consequences of World War II was that .
A. the British Empire became much stronger
B. the British Empire began to disintegrate
C. the British colonialists stepped up their expansion
D. Britain entered a period of economic and financial prosperity
15. Which of the following is NOT true about the British monarchy?
A. It is the oldest institution of government.
B. It goes back to at least the 9th century.
C. It has maintained the continuity over the past thousand years.
D. It seems that it enjoys no real power today.
16. In Britain, a parliament has a maximum duration of years.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
17. British colonial expansion began with .
A. the establishment of the British East India Company in 1600
B. the settlement of the Dutch East India Company at Cape Town in 1652
C. the occupation of Chinese Hong Kong in 1841
D. the colonization of Newfoundland in 1583
18. Many of Britain's public schools have gained a reputation for .
A. low academic standards and snobbery
B. exclusiveness and short history
C. average academic standards, exclusiveness, and short history
D. high academic standards, exclusiveness, and snobbery
19. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from .
A. the 10 th and ll th century B. the 12 th century
C. the 12 th and 13 th century D. the 13e' century
20. In Britain, formally appoints important government ministers, judges, etc.
A. the Queen
B. the Prime Minister
C. the Lord President of the Council
D. the Speaker of the House of Commons
21. Which of the following is NOT among the five biggest cities in the United States?
A. Chicago B. New York C. Miami D. Los Angeles
22. , which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution in
December, 1865.
A. The Bill of Rights B. The Thirteenth Amendment
C. The Civil Rights Act D. The Voting Rights Act
23. have made it possible for all sections of the American population to have higher education.
A. The research universities B. The doctoral universities
C. The community colleges D. The liberal arts colleges
24. Colored eggs and bunny ate traditional symbols of .
A. Easter B. Christmas C. Valentine D. New Year's Day
25. is one of the most popular places in the United States to celebrate the
New Year's Day.
A. The Disney Land in Florida
B. The White House Lawn in Washington D.C.
C. Hollywood in California
D. Times Square in New York City
26. The best-known speech made by civil fights leader Martin Luther King is .
A. "Guess who~
B. "I have a dream"
C. "United we stand, divided we fall'"
D. "First in war, fast in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen"
27. In the 1900s with the development of industry and the extension of railroad
network, there was a in the United States.
A. fast growth of population
B. rapid growth of military power
C. fast growth of labor unions
D. rapid growth of cities
28. The real American literature began .
A. before the Civil War B. after the Civil War
C. before the War of Independence D. after the War of Independence
29. Which of the following is NOT true about the Vietnam War?
A. Drug-taking was widespread in the American Armed Forces.
B. About sixty thousand young Americans died in the war.
C. American insistence on the continuation of the war drew criticism from
its allies.
D. The morale of the American soldiers was running very high.
30. MIT stands for .
A. the Military Institute of Texas
B. the Macy's Instigation of Thanksgiving
C. the Miami Institution of Trade
D. the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
31. was NOT among the first 13 British colonies along the east coast of
North America.
A. New York B. Pennsylvania C. Florida D. Maryland
32. At the Constitutional Convention in September 1787, the delegates who
argued for a national system called themselves .
A. Republicans B. Democrats
C. Anti-Federalists D. Federalists
33. The Purchase of Louisiana Territory in 1803 from France ~, .
A. increased the American territory by one third
B. i~ the American territory by a half
C. almost doubled the size of the United States
D. almost tripled the size of the United States
34. Which of the following pairs is correct?
A. Rockefeller aeroplane
B. Henry Ford- crude oil refining
C. J.P. Morgan - railroad
D. The Wright Brothers- automobile
35. The United States did not formally take part in World War I1 until Pearl
Harbor because .
A. isolationists did not want to be dragged into the war
B. the Congress had passed one neutrality law
C. President Roosevelt did not want to offend the Axis Powers
D. All of the above
36. In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion after WWII, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid, which later came to be called .
A. the Fourteen Points
B. the New Freedoms
C. the New Deal
D. the Marshall Plan
37. In view of the problem of poverty in the 1960s, President Kennedy had once admitted that of the American population went to bed hungry.
A. about one quarter B. about one third
C. about half D. about two thirds
38. Whenever the American economy is in trouble, the economy of other countries is affected because the United States is .
A. the greatest debtor in the world
B. the biggest producer of tobacco
C. the largest importer in the world market
D. the only superpower in the world
39. Membership in the House of Representatives is based on .
A. the number of cities in each state
B. the number of families in each state
C. the size of population in each state
D. the size of cities in each state
40. In the United States, if the parents don't send their children to school at certain age, .
A. the state government will be responsible for it
B. they will educate the children themselves
C. they can save a lot of money
D. they are breaking the law
41. Canada covers about of North American continent.
A. one quarter B. two-fifths
C. two-thirds D. throe-fourths
42. By the Statute of in 1931 the British Dominions, including Canada, were formally declared to be partner nations with Britain.
A. Ontario B. Vancouver C. Quebec D. West minister
43. The first British settlers in Canada were American refugees, who called themselves , because they refused to fight against the British Army in the War of American Independence.
A. Loyalists B. Whigs C. Liberals D. Separatists
44. is Australia's main watershed where short, swift rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.
A. The Great Western Plateau B. The Great Dividing Range
C. The Central Eastern Lowlands D. The Nullarbor Plain
45. Politically, Australia is divided into states and two territories.
A. four B. five C. six D. seven
46. Among the five Australian cities with a population of over a million only
lies on the Western coast.
A. Sydney B. Brisbane C. Melbourne D. Perth
47. In Ireland the basic ethnic stock is .
A. Celtic B. Roman C. Norman D. English
48. Ireland has four unusual demographic features. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. A low birthrate.
B. A late marriage.
C. A high proportion of unmarried people.
D. An excess of females in the population.
49 The first Englishman to visit New Zealand was James Cook who sailed in his ship______.
A. Endurance B. Endeavor C. Explorer D. Enquirer
50. Which of the following is NOT true about New Zealand climate?
A. The climate in New Zealand is generally temperate
B. Seasonal variations are less extreme.
C. Snow usually falls in the far south.
D. Summer is often uncomfortably hot.
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following question. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. What does the British Parliament consist of?
52. Why is King Alfred known as "the father of the British navy"?
53. Which party did Margaret Thatcher represent in the 1970"s?
54. How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?
55. What does the term "indentured servants" refer to in American history?
56. What was the most important act passed in 1964 to prohibit discrimination based on color, race, or national origin in places of public accommodation?
57. How many provinces and territories is Canada made up of?
58. What is Australia also known as in the West?
59. What does IRA stand for?
60. Why is New Zealand considered to be the first country to get the new day?
Ш. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. Comprehensive schools
62. Whigs (in Britain)
63. The Puritans
64. War Power Act
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answer to the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, I point for each)
I. Which of the following is true about the British Commonwealth?
A. Members of nations arc joined together politically.
B. The Commonwealth has special powers.
C. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is made by Brian.
D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.
2. Under , the feudal system in England was completely established.
A. King Alfred B. Henry II C. Edward I D. William the Conqueror
3. The cause of the Hundred Years" War was .
A. territorial B. economic
C. partly territorial and partly economic D. partly territorial and partly religious
4. Which of the following is NOT true about the Anglo-Saxons?
A. They were regarded as ferocious people.
B. They established the manorial system.
C. They divided the country into different shires.
D. Their tribes were seldom at war with one another.
5. As a result of the Black Death, .
A. much land was left untended and there was a shortage of labour
B. landowners tended to change from sheep-farming to arable-farming
C. the government did not show much concern about the labour shortage
D. the government took several measures to raise the peasants" wages
6. The Norman Conquest in English history happened in .
A. 1035 B. 1042 C. 1066 D. 1606
7. Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Wars of the Roses?
A. Feudalism received its death-blow.
B. The great medieval nobility was much weakened.
C. The king's power became supreme.
D. Ordinary people were greatly affected.
8. In terms of press, are directed at readers who want full information on a wide range of public matters.
A. quality newspapers B. tabloids
C. popular newspapers D. mid-market newspapers
9. was the transitional period between the Middle Ages and Modern Times.
A. The Hundred Years" War B. Renaissance
C. The Wars of the Roses D. The English Civil War
10. The English Civil War is also called___.
A. the Puritan Revolution B. the Chartist Movement
C. the Wars of the Roses D. the Hundred Years' War
11. In December 1653, by an Instrument of Government, became Lard
Protector of the Commonwealth of England.
A. Richard l B. Oliver Cromwell C. Charles II D. James II
12. Two of the most famous literary works of the late 17th century were .
A. Hamlet and Paradise Lost
B. Pilgrim's Progress and Paradise Lost
C. Paradise Lost and Shepherd's Calendar
D. Romeo and Juliet and Shepherd's Calendar
13. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of .
A. economic penetration B. territorial aggression
C. cultural expansion D. military invasion
14. One of the most far-reaching consequences of World War II was that .
A. the British Empire became much stronger
B. the British Empire began to disintegrate
C. the British colonialists stepped up their expansion
D. Britain entered a period of economic and financial prosperity
15. Which of the following is NOT true about the British monarchy?
A. It is the oldest institution of government.
B. It goes back to at least the 9th century.
C. It has maintained the continuity over the past thousand years.
D. It seems that it enjoys no real power today.
16. In Britain, a parliament has a maximum duration of years.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
17. British colonial expansion began with .
A. the establishment of the British East India Company in 1600
B. the settlement of the Dutch East India Company at Cape Town in 1652
C. the occupation of Chinese Hong Kong in 1841
D. the colonization of Newfoundland in 1583
18. Many of Britain's public schools have gained a reputation for .
A. low academic standards and snobbery
B. exclusiveness and short history
C. average academic standards, exclusiveness, and short history
D. high academic standards, exclusiveness, and snobbery
19. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from .
A. the 10 th and ll th century B. the 12 th century
C. the 12 th and 13 th century D. the 13e' century
20. In Britain, formally appoints important government ministers, judges, etc.
A. the Queen
B. the Prime Minister
C. the Lord President of the Council
D. the Speaker of the House of Commons
21. Which of the following is NOT among the five biggest cities in the United States?
A. Chicago B. New York C. Miami D. Los Angeles
22. , which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution in
December, 1865.
A. The Bill of Rights B. The Thirteenth Amendment
C. The Civil Rights Act D. The Voting Rights Act
23. have made it possible for all sections of the American population to have higher education.
A. The research universities B. The doctoral universities
C. The community colleges D. The liberal arts colleges
24. Colored eggs and bunny ate traditional symbols of .
A. Easter B. Christmas C. Valentine D. New Year's Day
25. is one of the most popular places in the United States to celebrate the
New Year's Day.
A. The Disney Land in Florida
B. The White House Lawn in Washington D.C.
C. Hollywood in California
D. Times Square in New York City
26. The best-known speech made by civil fights leader Martin Luther King is .
A. "Guess who~
B. "I have a dream"
C. "United we stand, divided we fall'"
D. "First in war, fast in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen"
27. In the 1900s with the development of industry and the extension of railroad
network, there was a in the United States.
A. fast growth of population
B. rapid growth of military power
C. fast growth of labor unions
D. rapid growth of cities
28. The real American literature began .
A. before the Civil War B. after the Civil War
C. before the War of Independence D. after the War of Independence
29. Which of the following is NOT true about the Vietnam War?
A. Drug-taking was widespread in the American Armed Forces.
B. About sixty thousand young Americans died in the war.
C. American insistence on the continuation of the war drew criticism from
its allies.
D. The morale of the American soldiers was running very high.
30. MIT stands for .
A. the Military Institute of Texas
B. the Macy's Instigation of Thanksgiving
C. the Miami Institution of Trade
D. the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
31. was NOT among the first 13 British colonies along the east coast of
North America.
A. New York B. Pennsylvania C. Florida D. Maryland
32. At the Constitutional Convention in September 1787, the delegates who
argued for a national system called themselves .
A. Republicans B. Democrats
C. Anti-Federalists D. Federalists
33. The Purchase of Louisiana Territory in 1803 from France ~, .
A. increased the American territory by one third
B. i~ the American territory by a half
C. almost doubled the size of the United States
D. almost tripled the size of the United States
34. Which of the following pairs is correct?
A. Rockefeller aeroplane
B. Henry Ford- crude oil refining
C. J.P. Morgan - railroad
D. The Wright Brothers- automobile
35. The United States did not formally take part in World War I1 until Pearl
Harbor because .
A. isolationists did not want to be dragged into the war
B. the Congress had passed one neutrality law
C. President Roosevelt did not want to offend the Axis Powers
D. All of the above
36. In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion after WWII, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid, which later came to be called .
A. the Fourteen Points
B. the New Freedoms
C. the New Deal
D. the Marshall Plan
37. In view of the problem of poverty in the 1960s, President Kennedy had once admitted that of the American population went to bed hungry.
A. about one quarter B. about one third
C. about half D. about two thirds
38. Whenever the American economy is in trouble, the economy of other countries is affected because the United States is .
A. the greatest debtor in the world
B. the biggest producer of tobacco
C. the largest importer in the world market
D. the only superpower in the world
39. Membership in the House of Representatives is based on .
A. the number of cities in each state
B. the number of families in each state
C. the size of population in each state
D. the size of cities in each state
40. In the United States, if the parents don't send their children to school at certain age, .
A. the state government will be responsible for it
B. they will educate the children themselves
C. they can save a lot of money
D. they are breaking the law
41. Canada covers about of North American continent.
A. one quarter B. two-fifths
C. two-thirds D. throe-fourths
42. By the Statute of in 1931 the British Dominions, including Canada, were formally declared to be partner nations with Britain.
A. Ontario B. Vancouver C. Quebec D. West minister
43. The first British settlers in Canada were American refugees, who called themselves , because they refused to fight against the British Army in the War of American Independence.
A. Loyalists B. Whigs C. Liberals D. Separatists
44. is Australia's main watershed where short, swift rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.
A. The Great Western Plateau B. The Great Dividing Range
C. The Central Eastern Lowlands D. The Nullarbor Plain
45. Politically, Australia is divided into states and two territories.
A. four B. five C. six D. seven
46. Among the five Australian cities with a population of over a million only
lies on the Western coast.
A. Sydney B. Brisbane C. Melbourne D. Perth
47. In Ireland the basic ethnic stock is .
A. Celtic B. Roman C. Norman D. English
48. Ireland has four unusual demographic features. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. A low birthrate.
B. A late marriage.
C. A high proportion of unmarried people.
D. An excess of females in the population.
49 The first Englishman to visit New Zealand was James Cook who sailed in his ship______.
A. Endurance B. Endeavor C. Explorer D. Enquirer
50. Which of the following is NOT true about New Zealand climate?
A. The climate in New Zealand is generally temperate
B. Seasonal variations are less extreme.
C. Snow usually falls in the far south.
D. Summer is often uncomfortably hot.
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following question. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet (30 points, 3 points for each)
51. What does the British Parliament consist of?
52. Why is King Alfred known as "the father of the British navy"?
53. Which party did Margaret Thatcher represent in the 1970"s?
54. How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?
55. What does the term "indentured servants" refer to in American history?
56. What was the most important act passed in 1964 to prohibit discrimination based on color, race, or national origin in places of public accommodation?
57. How many provinces and territories is Canada made up of?
58. What is Australia also known as in the West?
59. What does IRA stand for?
60. Why is New Zealand considered to be the first country to get the new day?
Ш. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
61. Comprehensive schools
62. Whigs (in Britain)
63. The Puritans
64. War Power Act
2006年试题答案
I.
1．D 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B l0．A
11．B 12．B l3．A l4．B l5．C l6．C 17．D l8．D l9．C 20．A
21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．D 29．D 30．D
31．C 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．D
II.
51．It consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons．
52．Because he founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and then protected the coasts and encouraged trade．
53．She represented the Conservative Party．
54．It was described as a period of material success and spiritual frustration and purposelessness．
55．It refers to the people who had to work for a fixed term for the masters to repay the cross-Atlantic fare and debts．
56．The Civil Rights Act of l964．
57．It is made up of ten provinces and two territories．
58．It is also known as the Land Down Under．
59．IRA stands for Irish Republican Army．
60．Because it lies just west of the International Date Line and it has one time zone．
Ⅲ．
61．Comprehensive schools take pupils without reference to ability or aptitude and provide a wide—ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district．
62． The name of Whigs originated with the Glorious Revolution．It was known by the nickname．It was a derogatory name for cattle drivers．Loosely speaking, the Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists．
63．The Puritans were wealthy, well—educated gentlemen．They wanted to purify the Church of England．Dissatisfied with the political corruption in England and threatened with religious persecution, the Puritan leaders saw the New World as the refuge provided by God for those He meant to save．
64．It was an act that limited the President’s power in sending troops abroad and required the President to consult Congress before any such decision．
I.
1．D 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B l0．A
11．B 12．B l3．A l4．B l5．C l6．C 17．D l8．D l9．C 20．A
21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．D 29．D 30．D
31．C 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．D
II.
51．It consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons．
52．Because he founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and then protected the coasts and encouraged trade．
53．She represented the Conservative Party．
54．It was described as a period of material success and spiritual frustration and purposelessness．
55．It refers to the people who had to work for a fixed term for the masters to repay the cross-Atlantic fare and debts．
56．The Civil Rights Act of l964．
57．It is made up of ten provinces and two territories．
58．It is also known as the Land Down Under．
59．IRA stands for Irish Republican Army．
60．Because it lies just west of the International Date Line and it has one time zone．
Ⅲ．
61．Comprehensive schools take pupils without reference to ability or aptitude and provide a wide—ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district．
62． The name of Whigs originated with the Glorious Revolution．It was known by the nickname．It was a derogatory name for cattle drivers．Loosely speaking, the Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists．
63．The Puritans were wealthy, well—educated gentlemen．They wanted to purify the Church of England．Dissatisfied with the political corruption in England and threatened with religious persecution, the Puritan leaders saw the New World as the refuge provided by God for those He meant to save．
64．It was an act that limited the President’s power in sending troops abroad and required the President to consult Congress before any such decision．
全国2005年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
Ⅰ. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40 points, 1 point for each)
1.Traditional British farming involved（ ）, which dated back to the 5th century.
A. the open field system
B. the system of crop rotation
C. the use of artificial fertilizer
D. the use of new agricultural machinery
2.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by（ ）, and the Cavaliers who were King Charles’s supporters.
A. John Lilburne B. Oliver Cromwell C. Prince Rupert D. William Joyce
3.（ ）radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great Fire nearly three centuries earlier.
A. The Black Death B. The Civil War C. The First World War D. The Blitz
4.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name form“（ ）”.
A. The Bill of Rights B. The Agreement of the People
C. the People’s Charter D. the Great Charter
5.Today, the Domesday Book is kept in the Public Records Office in（ ）.
A. Cambridge B. Oxford C. London D. York
6.In Britain, thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First World War, votes were granted to women over（ ）in 1918.
A. 20 B. 25 C. 30 D. 35
7.By（ ）Britain had built up a big empire, “on which the sun never set”.
A. 1900 B. 1910 C. 1920 D. 1930
8.In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of（ ）, which still bears the nickname today.
A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party
C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party
9.The eldest son of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ——Prince Charles, Prince of（ ）, is the heir to the throne.
A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland
10.In Britain, a full meeting of（ ）is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.
A. the Privy Council B. the House of Lords
C. the House of Commons D. the Parliament
11.In Britain, the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of（ ）.
A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Prime Minister
C. the Speaker D. the Attorney General
12.In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in （ ）.
A. the Privy Council B. the House of Lords
C. the Supreme Court D. the House of Commons
13.The British government departments are staffed by members of（ ）, whose duty is to assist in carrying out laws passed by Parliament.
A. the Civil Service B. the Privy Council
C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
14.In the 1970s, oil was discovered in（ ）, but the revenue from oil did not create an economic miracle for Britain.
A. the English Channel B. the Irish Sea
C. the St. George Sea D. the North Sea
15.Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through（ ）.
A. the income tax B. the council tax
C. the capital receipts D. personal contribution
16.The modern games of tennis originated in（ ）in the late 19th century.
A. Scotland B. Ireland C. England D. Wales
17.America was named after（ ）.
A. Italian navigator Columbus
B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci
C. some Indian chieftain
D. George Washington, founding father of the United States
18.Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（ ）large-scale population movements.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
19.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the option of（ ）.
A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troops
B. sending supplies through the waterways
C. starting large-scale airlifting
D. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets
20. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of（ ）.
A. coal B. electricity C. oil D. wheat
21.During the War of Independence, America allied with（ ）.
A. Spain B. France C. Holland D. Germany
22.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by（ ）.
A. all of the 13 states
B. all of the states except Maryland
C. all of the states except Rhode Island
D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention
23.President Theodore Roosevelt made use of the Hepburn Act to（ ）.
A. regulate federal-funded electricity project
B. maintain forest reserves
C. regulate railway price
D. ban corporation merger
24.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous（ ）.
A. because of his wealth
B. because he set up the Standard Oil Corporation
C. because he was the first to invent cars
D. because of his Model T automobile
25.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WWⅡ can be described as（ ）.
A. following the main trend of view B. intolerant
C. indifferent D. tolerant
26.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to（ ）.
A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communism
B. a fear of Soviet subversion
C. a senseless hate of anything foreign
D. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea
27.Urbanization was realized in the U.S.（ ）.
A. in 1900 B. in 1910 C. after WW I D. after WWⅡ
28.In the United States, the “winner-take-all” system applies to（ ）.
A. all the states B. a majority of the states
C. all states except Maine D. only Maine
29.In “Old Man and Sea”, Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude towards（ ）.
A. defeat and failure B. the sea
C. his work D. nature
30.In order to remember George Washington（ ）.
A. a memorial hall was built in his birthplace
B. a memorial hall was built in Washington D.C.
C. a tall white Washington Monument was built in the capital
D. an expensive car was named after him
31.The final breakaway of American foreign policy from isolationism was（ ）.
A. the bombing of Pearl Harbor
B. the fall of France
C. German attack of the Soviet Union
D. the battle of Britain
32.In the U.S., the fastest growing minority group is（ ）.
A. the African-American B. the Hispanic-American
C. the Native Indians D. the Asian-American
33.The name “Canada” is believed to be derived from an Indian word “Kanata”, meaning（ ）.
A. a settlement B. a country C. a meeting place D. a colony
34.Quebec differs from the provinces of Canada because（ ）.
A. it has the largest population
B. it was the first European settlement
C. it has a strong French culture
D. it is more highly developed than other parts of Canada
35.Australia’s most common native plants are（ ）.
A. palms and roses B. willows and sunflowers
C. pines and orchids D. eucalypts and wattles
36.The first white settlement in Australia was set up on January 26,（ ）.
A. 1778 B. 1788 C. 1878 D. 1888
37.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of（ ）.
A. its shape B. its connection with Britain
C. its abundant natural resources D. its green countryside
38.The central part of Ireland is characterized by many lakes, low ridges and（ ）.
A. peat bogs B. rapid streams C. small islands D. high cliffs
39.New Zealand consists of two main islands:（ ）.
A. North Island and South island
B. Steward Island and Long Island
C. West Island and East Island
D. Victorian island and Tasman Island
40.New Zealand’s climate is generally（ ）and seasonal differences are not so great.
A. dry and cold B. mild and moist C. hot and wet D. windy and cold
PART TWO (60 POINTS)
Ⅱ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
41. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?
42. What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain?
43. What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?
44. Which sport is regarded as typically English?
45. What are the principal functions of American higher education?
46. What is meant by Operation Overlord?
47. Why Americans are always on the move?
48. How will you characterize American foreign policy in the early 1930s?
49. What are the main characteristics of Canadian climate?
50. Geographically, Australia can be divided into three major regions. What are they?
Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
51. Stonehenge
52. The Metropolitan Police Force
53. Foreclosure
54. Chicano
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
Ⅰ. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40 points, 1 point for each)
1.Traditional British farming involved（ ）, which dated back to the 5th century.
A. the open field system
B. the system of crop rotation
C. the use of artificial fertilizer
D. the use of new agricultural machinery
2.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by（ ）, and the Cavaliers who were King Charles’s supporters.
A. John Lilburne B. Oliver Cromwell C. Prince Rupert D. William Joyce
3.（ ）radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great Fire nearly three centuries earlier.
A. The Black Death B. The Civil War C. The First World War D. The Blitz
4.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name form“（ ）”.
A. The Bill of Rights B. The Agreement of the People
C. the People’s Charter D. the Great Charter
5.Today, the Domesday Book is kept in the Public Records Office in（ ）.
A. Cambridge B. Oxford C. London D. York
6.In Britain, thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First World War, votes were granted to women over（ ）in 1918.
A. 20 B. 25 C. 30 D. 35
7.By（ ）Britain had built up a big empire, “on which the sun never set”.
A. 1900 B. 1910 C. 1920 D. 1930
8.In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of（ ）, which still bears the nickname today.
A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party
C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party
9.The eldest son of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ——Prince Charles, Prince of（ ）, is the heir to the throne.
A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland
10.In Britain, a full meeting of（ ）is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.
A. the Privy Council B. the House of Lords
C. the House of Commons D. the Parliament
11.In Britain, the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of（ ）.
A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Prime Minister
C. the Speaker D. the Attorney General
12.In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in （ ）.
A. the Privy Council B. the House of Lords
C. the Supreme Court D. the House of Commons
13.The British government departments are staffed by members of（ ）, whose duty is to assist in carrying out laws passed by Parliament.
A. the Civil Service B. the Privy Council
C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
14.In the 1970s, oil was discovered in（ ）, but the revenue from oil did not create an economic miracle for Britain.
A. the English Channel B. the Irish Sea
C. the St. George Sea D. the North Sea
15.Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through（ ）.
A. the income tax B. the council tax
C. the capital receipts D. personal contribution
16.The modern games of tennis originated in（ ）in the late 19th century.
A. Scotland B. Ireland C. England D. Wales
17.America was named after（ ）.
A. Italian navigator Columbus
B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci
C. some Indian chieftain
D. George Washington, founding father of the United States
18.Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（ ）large-scale population movements.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
19.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the option of（ ）.
A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troops
B. sending supplies through the waterways
C. starting large-scale airlifting
D. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets
20. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of（ ）.
A. coal B. electricity C. oil D. wheat
21.During the War of Independence, America allied with（ ）.
A. Spain B. France C. Holland D. Germany
22.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by（ ）.
A. all of the 13 states
B. all of the states except Maryland
C. all of the states except Rhode Island
D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention
23.President Theodore Roosevelt made use of the Hepburn Act to（ ）.
A. regulate federal-funded electricity project
B. maintain forest reserves
C. regulate railway price
D. ban corporation merger
24.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous（ ）.
A. because of his wealth
B. because he set up the Standard Oil Corporation
C. because he was the first to invent cars
D. because of his Model T automobile
25.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WWⅡ can be described as（ ）.
A. following the main trend of view B. intolerant
C. indifferent D. tolerant
26.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to（ ）.
A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communism
B. a fear of Soviet subversion
C. a senseless hate of anything foreign
D. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea
27.Urbanization was realized in the U.S.（ ）.
A. in 1900 B. in 1910 C. after WW I D. after WWⅡ
28.In the United States, the “winner-take-all” system applies to（ ）.
A. all the states B. a majority of the states
C. all states except Maine D. only Maine
29.In “Old Man and Sea”, Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude towards（ ）.
A. defeat and failure B. the sea
C. his work D. nature
30.In order to remember George Washington（ ）.
A. a memorial hall was built in his birthplace
B. a memorial hall was built in Washington D.C.
C. a tall white Washington Monument was built in the capital
D. an expensive car was named after him
31.The final breakaway of American foreign policy from isolationism was（ ）.
A. the bombing of Pearl Harbor
B. the fall of France
C. German attack of the Soviet Union
D. the battle of Britain
32.In the U.S., the fastest growing minority group is（ ）.
A. the African-American B. the Hispanic-American
C. the Native Indians D. the Asian-American
33.The name “Canada” is believed to be derived from an Indian word “Kanata”, meaning（ ）.
A. a settlement B. a country C. a meeting place D. a colony
34.Quebec differs from the provinces of Canada because（ ）.
A. it has the largest population
B. it was the first European settlement
C. it has a strong French culture
D. it is more highly developed than other parts of Canada
35.Australia’s most common native plants are（ ）.
A. palms and roses B. willows and sunflowers
C. pines and orchids D. eucalypts and wattles
36.The first white settlement in Australia was set up on January 26,（ ）.
A. 1778 B. 1788 C. 1878 D. 1888
37.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of（ ）.
A. its shape B. its connection with Britain
C. its abundant natural resources D. its green countryside
38.The central part of Ireland is characterized by many lakes, low ridges and（ ）.
A. peat bogs B. rapid streams C. small islands D. high cliffs
39.New Zealand consists of two main islands:（ ）.
A. North Island and South island
B. Steward Island and Long Island
C. West Island and East Island
D. Victorian island and Tasman Island
40.New Zealand’s climate is generally（ ）and seasonal differences are not so great.
A. dry and cold B. mild and moist C. hot and wet D. windy and cold
PART TWO (60 POINTS)
Ⅱ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
41. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?
42. What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain?
43. What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?
44. Which sport is regarded as typically English?
45. What are the principal functions of American higher education?
46. What is meant by Operation Overlord?
47. Why Americans are always on the move?
48. How will you characterize American foreign policy in the early 1930s?
49. What are the main characteristics of Canadian climate?
50. Geographically, Australia can be divided into three major regions. What are they?
Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)
51. Stonehenge
52. The Metropolitan Police Force
53. Foreclosure
54. Chicano
Ⅳ.Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10 points)
55. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?
56. In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?
55. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?
56. In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?
2005年试题答案
I.
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. B 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. A
21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C
31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. A 40. C
II.
41. Britain was under the Roman occupation for nearly 400 years.
42. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of it’s the process of lawmaking.
43. The peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners, whether the tenants-in-chief or subtenants, took the oath of allegiance for the land they held, not only to their immediate lord, but also to the king.
44. Cricket is regarded as the typically English of sports.
45. The principal functions of American higher education are teaching, research and public service.
46. Operation Overlord was the codename for Ally landing on the south of France. It was launched in May, 1944. The decision of launching Operation Overlord was made at the Teheran Conference
47. Americans moves to a new home every year seeking new job opportunities, a better climate or some other goals.
48. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist.
49. Generally speaking the climate in Canada is unfavorable. Much of Canada has long and cold winters with deep snow.
50. They are the Great western Plateau, the Eastern Highlands and the Central Eastern Lowlands.
III.
51. Stonehenge: Stonehenge was in Wiltshire, constructed before 2000BC. Exactly why it was built is unknown but it must have had religious and political significance.
52. The metropolitan police: The police service for the United Kingdom is organized and controlled on a local basis under the Home Secretary and the Scottish and Northern Ireland secretaries. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Home secretary. At the end of 1993 police strength in the United Kingdom was about 28.000 belonged to the Metropolitan Police Force.
53. Foreclosure: Foreclosure is the taking away of properties of the debtor as a result of failure to pay interest.
54. Chicano: Chicano is Mexican-Americans, the three major Hispanic groups, historically have had the greatest influence on the United States.
IV.
55. The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcherism became the first women prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly refereed to as Thatcherism. The components included: 1) the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, 2) the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, 3) the weakening of trade unions, and 4) the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.
56. The war had great impact on the development of the United States. 1) The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government. 2) The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism. 3) For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent. 4) It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solved through negotiation.
I.
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. B 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. A
21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C
31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. A 40. C
II.
41. Britain was under the Roman occupation for nearly 400 years.
42. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of it’s the process of lawmaking.
43. The peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners, whether the tenants-in-chief or subtenants, took the oath of allegiance for the land they held, not only to their immediate lord, but also to the king.
44. Cricket is regarded as the typically English of sports.
45. The principal functions of American higher education are teaching, research and public service.
46. Operation Overlord was the codename for Ally landing on the south of France. It was launched in May, 1944. The decision of launching Operation Overlord was made at the Teheran Conference
47. Americans moves to a new home every year seeking new job opportunities, a better climate or some other goals.
48. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist.
49. Generally speaking the climate in Canada is unfavorable. Much of Canada has long and cold winters with deep snow.
50. They are the Great western Plateau, the Eastern Highlands and the Central Eastern Lowlands.
III.
51. Stonehenge: Stonehenge was in Wiltshire, constructed before 2000BC. Exactly why it was built is unknown but it must have had religious and political significance.
52. The metropolitan police: The police service for the United Kingdom is organized and controlled on a local basis under the Home Secretary and the Scottish and Northern Ireland secretaries. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Home secretary. At the end of 1993 police strength in the United Kingdom was about 28.000 belonged to the Metropolitan Police Force.
53. Foreclosure: Foreclosure is the taking away of properties of the debtor as a result of failure to pay interest.
54. Chicano: Chicano is Mexican-Americans, the three major Hispanic groups, historically have had the greatest influence on the United States.
IV.
55. The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcherism became the first women prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly refereed to as Thatcherism. The components included: 1) the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, 2) the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, 3) the weakening of trade unions, and 4) the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.
56. The war had great impact on the development of the United States. 1) The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government. 2) The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism. 3) For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent. 4) It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solved through negotiation.
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