解放军文职招聘考试The Origin of Sports

 The Origin of Sports

When  did sport begin? If sport  is, in essence,  play,  the claim  might

be made that sport  is much older than   humankind, for, as we all have

observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and  play  ball  games. 

Fishes  and birds  dance.  The  apes  have  simple,  pleasurable  games.

Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult            arm wrestlers

are demonstrating strong, transgenerational and transspecies bonds with the

universe of animals - past, present, and future. Young animals,

particularly, tumble, chase, run, wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh(or so

it seems) to the point of delighted exhaustion. Their play, and ours,

appears to serve no other purpose than to      give pleasure to the players, and

apparently, to remove us temporarily from the anguish of life in earnest.     

Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part

of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly and

experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and

imagination into action. Play is release from the tedious battles against

scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and          inevitable, tragedies of

life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of

this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments - liturgy,

literature, and law     - can be traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically,

we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in

this rather happy,    nonfatalistic  view  of  human  nature,  are  more 

splendid  creations  of  the  nondatable, transspecies play impulse.

体育的起源 体育运动开始于何时?如果体育运动的本质就是游戏的话，我们就可以宣称体育运动比

人类古老，因为正如我们所观察到的，野兽也进行嬉戏。  狗和猫会扭抱玩球，鱼和鸟翩翩 起舞，猿类会进行一些简单的、愉快的游戏。 

雀跃的幼儿，捉迷藏的学童和成年摔跤者展 示出人与动物界的有力的跨越世代与物种的永恒的联系--特别是幼兽，它们翻筋斗、追逐、

奔跑、扭打、模仿、嬉笑(或者看起来是)，直到愉快地精疲力尽。  他们的玩耍，同我们的

一样，似乎并没有别的目的而只是给游戏者以愉悦，暂时把我们从严肃生活的痛苦中拉出来。 一些哲学家称我们的嬉戏是我们本质中最崇高的部分。 

依他们这些随意性很大的见解，游 戏无害而且实验性地允许我们的创造力、幻想和想象发挥作用。  游戏让人们从永不间断亦

不可避免的生活悲剧-与乏匮和衰退进行的枯燥抗争中得到一种解脱。  这是一个令人兴奋、 给人启发的伟大见解。 

这种见解的持有者宣称，我们的最高成就如宗教典礼、文学、法律 的起源可以追溯到游戏的冲动。  但令人不解的是我们看到只有幼兽和小孩子才最纯粹地享

受着这种冲动。  从这种比较豁达和非宿命的人性观来看，我们的运动是超时代、跨物种的 辉煌的创造。