2020湖南专升本网：主动语态和被动语态英语语法解析

主动语态和被动语态英语语法解析
一、主动语态改成被动语态方法
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1.将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语；
2.谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态；
3.主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时by的短语可以省略）；
例：1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→A letter is written by Bruce every week.
二、被动语态的用法：
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year.
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+be+及物动词的过去分词
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often.
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
7.不定式的被动语态：to+be+及物动词的过去分词
There are two books to be read.→There are twenty more trees to be planted.