2020湖南专升本英语语法讲解：虚拟语气用在其它状语从句中

专升本：虚拟语气用在其它状语从句中
1.用介词或介词短语表示虚拟条件
常用的介词或介词短语主要有without（没有），but for（要不是），in the absence of（如果没有）或were it not for（要是没有），but that（假设……不）等。例如：Without electricity,there would not be modern industry.
But for the leadership of the Party,we couldn't live such a happy life.
In the absence of gravity,there would be no air around the earth.
Example:
Without gravity,we ______ able to walk.
a.were b.should be c.can be d.should not be
Were it not for the atmosphere,the stars ______ shining at any time in the day.
a.be seen b.can be seen
c.could be seen d.could have been seen
2.用动词不定式表示虚拟条件
It would be a shame to stop our work half-way.
It would take about 125 million of molecules of water to form a row an inch long.
如果要排成一寸长就需要大约一亿二千五百万个水分子。
Example:
It ______ better to think independently.
a.goes b.looks c.would be d.shall be
3.通过上下文表示虚拟条件
常用的连接词有or,otherwise,but等。例如：
I was very busy yesterday.Otherwise I would have come to see you.
The worn parts have been replaced at the proper time,or a damage might have happened.
磨损的部件及时更换了，否则就会发生破坏。虚拟语气的其它表达形式
Example:
He went on foot,but he ______ by bus.
a.might go b.should be gone
c.could have gone d.ought have gone
The traffic was very heavy;otherwise I ______ here 50 minutes sooner.
a.would have been b.would be
c.should be d.had been
4.虚拟语气用在...would(或had)rather（或would just as soon）+从句的句式中，表示与事实相反的愿望。从句谓语动词要用过去式。例如：
I would rather you stayed here.
I would rather that you didn't do anything.
I'd just as soon you didn't go there.
Example:
I'd just as soon ______ those important papers with you.
a.that you won't take b.your not taking
c.please don't you take d.you didn't take
I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
a.do b.didn't do c.don't d.didn't
5.虚拟语气用在...had hoped that...句型中，表示过去未实现的愿望，意为“原本希望...”，从句谓语用would+原形动词。例如：
I had hoped that she would answer my letter.
We had hoped that you would change your mind.
His father had hoped that he would be a scientist.
Example:
Tom's father had hoped that he ______ into business with him.
a.would go b.would have gone
c.went d.had gone
6.虚拟语气用在had better,had best,had rather,would sooner,would rather,would have句型中，后接原形动词。例如：
You had better close the window.
I would rather stay at home.
You had best leave her alone.
Would you have me tell her a lie?
If you don't mind,I'd rather not see the play.
I had rather put the books on the desk.
Liu Hu Lan would sooner die than surrender.
Example:
I ______ do that if I were given the choice.
a.would rather not b.rather not
c.do not rather d.would not rather
“I haven't felt well for a week.”“You ______ see a doctor.”
a.had ought to b.had better
c.should have to d.had rather
______ do it myself than try to persuade a stubborn fellow like you.
a.I'd rather b.I'd better
c.I rather d.I'd like