2020湖南普通专升本：英语语法归纳总结之一般过去时

一般过去时：两种变化形式：在动词后加ed或不规则变化的动词；在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态：常用时间状语：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等；Did you go to Shanghai last week?
补充：used to/be used to（1）used to+do："过去常常"，表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在；Mike used to take a walk.（2）be used to+doing：对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词；1.Mike is used to taking a walk.2.He is used to taking a shower with cold water.（3）be used to do：被用来做……Leaves are used to fight enemies in Kong fu movies as the weapons.
英语语法归纳总结之一般过去时
----Your phone number again?I _A__ quite catch it.
----It's 69568442.
A.didn't B.couldn't C.don't D.can't
答案A.本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。
一般过去式和过去完成时的对比：（1）过去完成时：过去的过去；Before I came to Beijing,I had stayed in Shanghai.①一个句子里有两个谓语动词，一个发生在前，一个发生在后，发生在前的用一般过去时，发生在后的用过去完成时；When the police arrived,the thieves had run away.②表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，却未能…"1.We had hoped that you would come,but you didn't.2.We had thought that he would take part in the competition，but he didn't.
③虚拟语气：若虚拟的现象与过去事实相反，则用过去完成时；If you had come to my birthday party,you would have seen Yaoming.（虚拟语气中可以用had+过去分词，表示对过去事实的虚拟）3.一般将来时（1）shall/will,shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替;Which paragraph shall I read first？（2）be going to+不定式，表示将来；表示要发生的事情有了预先的计划、准备或有迹象表明要发生；1.What are you going to do tomorrow?2.What will you do this afternoon?（will表示纯粹的将来）
（3）be+不定式：表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事；We are to/will discuss the report next Saturday.（4）be about to+不定式：意为马上做某事，后面不可以接时间状语；He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：（1）一般现在时有时也可表将来；The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.①趋向性动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。When does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.②在时间或条件句中，用一般现在时表将来；I'll write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.
（2）现在进行时也可表将来：通常用于口语，翻译为打算……；come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay等词可以用进行时表将来；