2020湖南专升本：大学英语语法之判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错:
（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对）This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.
（对）I'll never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
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例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因in the museum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。