2020湖南普通专升本：《大学英语》语法之虚拟语气

虚拟语气一直都被认为是英语学习中的一个难点，因此也便成为了各类考试的热点。现就虚拟语气的一些问题归纳如下，以帮助解决拟语气这个语法难点。
普通专升本语法虚拟语气
一、动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1．用wish表示现在的祝愿和报歉。
其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例：I wish they were at home this time.
2．用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。
其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时。例：I wish I hadn't hurt him so much。
3．用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。
其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。
例：I wish I might be able to come tomorrow。
二、用在一般虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气
湖南专升本网分享
（一）表示与现在、过去、将来事实相反的假设
1．与现在事实相反的假设。
其句子结构为：从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be变were）+其他主句：主语+would(should,could,might)+动词原形+其他
例：If I were you,I would go with him.
2．与过去事实相反的假设。
其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他主句：主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他。例：If you had studied harder last term,you could have passed exam.
3．表示对将来事实实现的可能性不大的假设。
其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+should(were to)+动词原形+其他主句：主语+would(could,should,might)+动词原形
例：If he were to go tomorrow.He might tell you.
(二)从句和主句要根据各自发所生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式
1．从句表示过去，主句表示现在。
If they had stared the early morning yesterday,they would be here now.
2．从句表示将来，主句表示过去。
If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon,I would have gone to see the film with you last night。
3．从句表示过去，主句表示将来。
If we hadn't made adequate preparations,we shouldn't dare to do the experiment next week。
4．从句表示将来，主句表示现在。
If we shouldn't have an exam this afternoon.I would go shopping now.