关系代词引导的定语从句，这些重要的关系代词一定要记住！

关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语（whose,which）。表示人时用who（主格/宾格）,whom（宾格，也就是动词或介词的宾语）,that,whose（所有格）；表示物时用which,that,whose。（注意that和whose既可表人也可表物），另外which可以指代前面整个句子；注意，介词后宾语表人用whom，表物用which，若是表所有格，用whose。
特别注意：what不能引导定语从句，只能引导名词性从句。
我们来看以下几个例句：
The girl who/that is standing at the gate is an English teacher.(who或that作从句的主语,表人)
That’s not Tom who/that is sitting next to John.(who或that作从句的主语,表人)
=That’s not Tom.Tom is sitting next to John.
The girl whom/who/that Peter is talking to is a teacher.(whom作从句宾语,表人)
The girl to whom Peter is talking is a teacher.(介词可以前置)
The girl to who/that×Peter is talking to is a teacher.×（当介词前置时，表人只能用whom）
(人)The girl(whose mother is a nurse)is a teacher.(whose与它所修饰的名词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分)
(物)The book(whose cover is missing)is very funny.(不可分割的一部分,指物时可用of which来代替)
=The book,the cover of which is missing,is very funny.
The room(whose door faces south)is very bright.(物质所属)
=The room,the door of which faces south,is very bright.
The book(which/that belongs to me)is missing.（which/that作从句主语，表物）
I don't like the novel(that/which you are reading).(that/which作从句动词的宾语，表物)