2021湖南专升本英语复习资料大放送：that从句的用法有哪些？

由湖南专升本网整理的专升本英语that从句用法讲解，供各位考生参考学习，希望能对大家有所帮助。
That引导的从句可分为名词性从句和定语从句两种，其分类及语法功能如下：
1．名词性从句分主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句，连接词为that从句wh-从句（who/whom/whose/where…)
（1）引导主语从句
①置于句首，不能省略。例如：That he is still alive is sheer luck.
②置于句末，通常用it作先行词。例如：It isn’t surprising that you have failed your exam.
如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，只能用it作形式主语结构。例如：Is it possible that he would run a company.
(2)引导宾语从句
①较短的句子，可省。从句太长，不宜省。两个及两个以上从句同时作宾语时，最后一个that不能省。例如：She admitted(that)you had known her before,and that you had sent a gift to her.
②that从句可跟在形式宾语it之后作介词的实际宾语。例如：I’m looking forward it that he will forgive me.
③固定搭配：in that因为、except that除了、save that除了、besides that除了、but that要不是。例如：He hates her in that she is noisy.
④that从句
★双宾语结构动词。advice、ask、assure、promise、question、warm可省间接宾语。例如：He asked(us)that we should pay the bill.
★tell、inform、remind、show、teach不能省间接宾语。例如：He told us that we should pay the bill.
⑤当主句谓语动词为assume、believe、expect、guess、imagine、suppose、think等表示“认为”、“猜想”的动词时，否定主句往往是否定去宾语从句的意义。例如：I didn’t expect that he came.
★此类动词主语为I第一人称时，变反义疑问句应变宾语从句中的谓语动词。例如：I don’t expect that he understands it,does he?
★而其他人称则变主句中的谓语动词。例如：He said that she wasn’t a good singer,didn’t he?
⑥在doubt、doubtful引导的宾语从句中，主句为肯定句，连接词则用whether、if;主句为否定句或疑问句，则用that。例如：I don’t doubt that he will believe me.
(3)引导表语从句。例如：What he said is that he won’t come here again.
当主语为reason时，表语从句要用that引导，不要误用because。例如：The reason why I came here was that I wanted to apologize to you.
(4)引导同位语从句。that从句作同位语时，是具体说明与之同位名词的实际内容，例如：The fact that he won’t come let me down.有时同位语从句会被个别词分开，例如：The fact came to me that he won’t come here.
★同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于：前者的连接词不充当成分，而后者一定要充当。例如：
He told us the news that he would come here.(同)He told us the news that he got from thenewspaper.(定)
★That从句与wh引导的名词性从句区别在于:that不作成分，而wh连词要作一定成分。例如：
What is most important in life isn’t mony.(what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当主语)
We could see the runners very well from where we stood.(where引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语)
2．定语从句。是指在复合句中修饰n或代词的从句。被修饰n为先行词，由关系代词和关系副词引出。关系代词有who、whom、whose、which、that等，关系副词有when、where、why等。
（1）一般的that引导的定语从句
①that可指人或物，代替who、whom、which等在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。例如：The man that/who is looking at me is bad.
②that作关系副词时，常代替when、where、why等，通常可以省略。例如：We will seek a fine day(that)we’ll go hiking.（代替when）
★当先行词为the way时，不用how引导，而用that、in which，或省略。例如：It’s the way(that/in which)I like.
（2）只能由that引导的定语从句
①先行词为人与物。例如：I saw the woman and her pet that were playing together.
②先行词有序数词或最高级修饰。例如：He is the most stupid guy that I have ever seen.
③先行词前有the only、the last、very、the same、all与no、any、every等组成的复合词时。例如：There is nothing that you can do for me.
④以疑问词（who、which、what）开头的疑问句中，为避免重复，用that代替。例如：Who is the girl that has long curly hair?
⑤当定语从句为There be句型是，只能用that，但可以省略。例如：He knows the difference(that)there is between you.
⑥It is…that句型中，表示强调。例如：It is this book that I was looking for.
★当先行词为人时，可用who。例如：It is you who/that are to blame.
★关系代词that和关系副词why都不能引导非限制性定语从句：
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉句子意思不明确。例如：He is the man who I met yesterday.
非限制性定语从句是先行词的补充说明，去掉了不影响主句意思，通常与主句有逗号隔开。例如：I am going to spent my holiday in Suzhou,where I have been dreaming for a long time.