2020年MPAcc考研：英语写作考场必备素材

英语写作有哪些常见话题？这些话题又涉及到哪些词汇词组？下面就给大家介绍一下常考场必备素材，希望对你的考研有所帮助。

一、经济

economy

adj. 经济（上）的；产生经济效益的

income/salary/wage/payment

n.收入，报酬

finance

n.金融;财政

financial condition

财务[政]状况

lay a solid financial foundation for...

为……打下坚实的财政基础

increasing average family income

平均家庭收入增加

financial incentive

财务激励

favorable policy in economy

经济上的优惠政策

[例1]

The income of average families has been greatly increased, providing a possible economic foundation for overseas study.

普通家庭的收入大大增加，为海外留学提供了可能的经济基础。

[例2]

Apart from the transformation of consumers’purchasing mode, another indispensable impetus to the boom of E-commerce is the favorable trend in economy.

除了消费者购买模式的转变，电子商务繁荣的另一个不可或缺的推动力是经济的有利趋势。

[例3]

The severity of pollution can be alleviated to some extent through sufficiently fining the factories whose emission exceeded the legal amount.

通过对排放超过法定数量的工厂进行充分的罚款，可以在一定程度上减轻污染的严重程度。

二、政府职能

government

n.政府

all levels of governments

各级政府

central government

中央政府

local government

地方政府

restrict/curb

n.约束，抑制

regulate

v.调节，控制

implement

v.实施

execute

v.执行

manage

v.管理

supervise

v.监督，管理，指导

Rectify

v.纠正

[例1]

All levels of governments are required to supervise strictly food industry so as to rectify the unhealthy food market.

各级政府都要严格监督食品行业，整顿不健康的食品市场。

[例2]

Authorities are required to work out specific measures restricting the emission of diverse vehicles.

有关部门必须制定具体措施，限制各种车辆的排放。

三、法律法规

rules and regulations

规章制度

laws

n.法律，规章

lawmaker/ legislators

n.立法者

legislative

adj.立法的

legislate

v.立法

legislative initiatives

立法倡议

legislative measures

立法措施

a set of adequate and comprehensive laws

一套充分而全面的法律

abide by/ comply with/conform to

遵守

obey

v.服从

break/violate/breach/default

v.违反

punish/Penalize/

v.惩罚

penalty

v.罚款

castigate

v.严惩

fine

v.罚款

make out

开出（支票、账单等）

optimize

v.使尽可能完善

[例1]

The present rules and laws concerning the environment have to be optimized to meet the new challenges in preserving the environment.

目前有关环境的规章制度必须优化，以适应环境保护的新挑战。

[例2]

Severe penalty is required to be enforced onto people who pollute the environment without any awareness of environment conservation.

在没有环境保护意识的情况下，必须对污染环境的人实施严厉的惩罚。

四、科学技术

science and technology

科学技术

scientific and technological

科技

advance

n.发展

contribute to

有助于

[例1]

The great advance of science and technology in computer and the internet contribute a lot to the prosperity of e-commerce.

科技在计算机和互联网上的巨大进步为电子商务的繁荣做出了巨大贡献。

[例2]

Only through the development of science and technology can we resolve the problems we meet in the process of progress.

只有通过科学技术的发展，才能解决我们在进步过程中遇到的问题。

五、人们的意识

raise

v.提高

arouse the public awareness

唤醒公众意识

sense of

……的感觉

[例1]

The key reason why many citizens waste the fresh water is the weak public awareness of the fact that the fresh water available for human is exceedingly limited.

许多市民浪费淡水的主要原因是，人类可利用的淡水资源极其有限的这一公众意识浅薄。

[例2]

Only through raising the public awareness in thrift can we eliminate the phenomena of waste on campus.

只有通过提高公众的节俭意识，才能消除校园浪费的现象。

六、文化传统及习俗

culture

n.文化

cultural

adj.文化的

tradition

n.传统

convention

n.习俗

custom

n.风俗

traditional /conventional

adj.传统的

distinct

adj.独特的

attractive/charming

adj.有吸引力的

alien/exotic

adj.异域的

scenery/landscape

n.风景

experience

v.经历

fascinate/captivate

v.深深吸引

[例1]

The stunning foreign landscape and distinct customs fascinate a growing number of Chinese.

令人惊叹的外国景观和独特的风俗吸引了越来越多的中国人。

[例2]

Experiencing different cultures and customs through traveling enables us to widen our scope.

通过旅行体验不同的文化和习俗，我们可以扩大我们的眼界。

七、个人价值

individual value

个人价值

Profundity

n.深刻

Broaden/widen our scope/horizon

扩大我们的视野

enrich our experiences

丰富我们的经历

健康

sincere

adj.真诚的

cooperativeness

n.协调、合作

considerateness

n.体贴

righteousness

n.正直

[例]

The positive character such as sincerity, considerateness and cooperativeness can be developed through participating in group activities.

积极的性格如真诚、体谅人、合作，可以通过参与集体活动进行提升。

八、利他主义

altruism

n.无私

altruistic

adj.无私心的

considerateness

n.体谅

egoism

n.自私自利

[例]

With materialism expanding drastically, it seems that our mainstream value is not so much altruistic, but is self-centered.

随着物质主义的急剧扩张，我们的主流价值观似乎并不是那么无私，而是以自我为中心。

环保

environmentally sound

environmentally friendly

环保

[例]

Plastic shopping bags are absolutely/ definitely not environmentally friendly though they bring consumers great convenience.

塑料购物袋绝对不环保，尽管他们给消费者带来了极大的便利。