军队职称英语补全短文是军队职称英语六大题型中最难的一种题型，在做这种题型时要先预测选项，注意抓选项主干，猜测选项的大致意思，同时要注意连词，代词，名词，形容词，副词等的出现。
什么叫补全短文？就是给出一篇文章，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。从A到F选项中找一个字最多的。
第5部分：补全短文（第46－50题，每题2分，共l0分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
补全短文的注意事项：
补全短文的命题原则
2.补全短文的解题技巧
Home Schooling
All children in the United States have to receive an education,but the law does not say they have to be educated at school.A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.…………（46）.There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.Soma parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values;others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.…………（47）.
David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school.…………（48）.For example,when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day,it may start a discussion or reading about climate,snow removal equipment,Alaska,polar bears,and winter tourism.Or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.………（49）.
Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,but critics say that home-schoolers aye outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life.………（50）.However,most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home,so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.
A Interestingly,results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.
B Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.
C Learning starts with the children's interests and questions
D Children who are educated at home are known as"home-schoolers"
E In some countries,there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.
F lf the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news,it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate,how deserts are formed，and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.
补全短文解题技巧：
一、看标题定文体。从中文的角度思考有记叙文、说明文、议论文。记叙文中离不开六大要素。时间、地点、人物、事件。如果标题中的词在字典中没有，那就是专有名词。国家名词一般都有。机构或人名一般没有。如果没有，首段就会给下一个定义。
Ludwig Van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven,a major composer of the nineteenth century,overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness.
Born in Bonn,Germany,in 1770,he first studied music with the court organist,Gilles van der Eeden.His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking._____（1）_____.Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782,Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola.In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron,Count Ferdinand Waldstein,to study music under Haydn.
Beethoven remained unmarried._____（2）_____.Continually plagued by ill health,he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819.
_____（3）_____.He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth:three piano sonatas,four string quartets,the Missa Solemnis,and the 9th Symphony.He died in 1827._____（4）_____.
Noting that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage,Goethe once said of him,“I am astonished by his talent,but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality.”_____（5）_____.
A.In spite of this handicap,however,he continued to write music.
B.Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons,he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life.
C.His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence.
D.When his mother died,Beethoven,then a young man,was named guardian of his two younger brothers.
E.Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed,his music shows great discipline and control,and this is how we remember him best.
F.Today his music is still being played all over the world.
一般而言第一长或第二长的往往都是答案。
说明文怎么办?说明文必须有说明的中心或说明的主题。所叙述的东西都必须围绕主题阐述。
二、看选项A到F
2.抓主干，猜大意。弄清它是啥东西。
如：for example,就要看它是不是例证。是不是举例。举例句的前一句肯定是中心主题句.举例后面的东西肯定会跟前面的有关系，有着联系。
如果出现because……那就是所原因，是因果关系。
如果出现but或however就是转折。前后正好相反。
如果出现……is……就是判断句。判断句就是给这个词下定义。
2、不要放过特征词。比如:数字。选项中如果有数字了，那么可能空格周围就会有数字出现。年代只有在记叙文当中才有用。
专有名词就是找复现。整篇文章和选项中多次出现的专有名词没用。如果是别的专有名词中没有的专有名词，那就要在文章空格的左右找复现。如果有就填进去。
只要是代词就必须有指代。重点将两个词：I,We.如果文章不是以第一人称的进行写作的，选项中如果初现I和We时，它只能放在，只能出现在引号句中。
如果整篇文章都是I和We就没有作用了。
名词和名词短语，时态语态如果文章全是用过去时写作的，突然选项中出现现在时了，那有一种情况就是文章该结尾了。还有一种情况可能是放在引号句中。
Ludwig Van Beethoven
A.In spite of this handicap,however,he continued to write music.
B.Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support
from his patrons,he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life.
C.His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence.
D.When his mother died,Beethoven,then a young man,was named guardian of his two younger brothers.
E.Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed,his music shows great discipline and control,and this is how we remember him best.
F.Today his music is still being played all over the world.
补全短文要求大家只用五分钟做完。那就首先挑一最长的。剩下的就去找数字、I,We、专有名词复现等等。
3、小词帮你出大力，时态帮你理顺序。标点解决大问题。
小词：also如果出现同结构的复现就好做了。比如：He said……,he also said…….He thinks about……,he also thinks about……
some……others……是句型的一种复现。
……，either……表示也不.
如：He is not a teacher,I'm not a teacher,either.
still
标点引号句:选项中如果有引号句出现，空格周围可能会有引号句出现。
Reinventing the Table
An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.
_____（46）_____ But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves.
“I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students,”he says,criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table._____（47）_____ But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ions react with which.
“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements,”says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _____（48）_____
_____（49）_____ He explains that sulphur,for example,shows up in three different spots one—for sulphide,which is found in minerals,one for sulphite,and one for sulphate,which is found in sea slat,for instance.
He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which are common in soil or water._____（50）_____
A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871.
B Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.
C“I imagine this would be good for undergraduates.”
D Raisback has listed some elements more than once.
E And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust.
F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.
出现引号句要一段落为主。哪一段出现引号句，就都出来。
问号句：如果是一般疑问句1）.可以去找排比句。2）.找回答语。
特殊疑问句如果使用What来问，它的回答语一般是名词或名词短语。一般很少是代词。如果是Why，回答语一般是原因。表原因的词有：because,because of或者是due to,owing to
特殊疑问句抓问句的主语和答语的主语。回答语的主语一般都是指代。
三、回头再去看原文明确1到5的空格位置
开头常是主题句（首段首句）。直接掉头看标题。
Exercise Three The Changes of Women's Lives
____1____.During the twentieth century there has been fl remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for children.A woman married at the end of the nine teenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties,and would be likely to have seven or eight children,of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.By the time the youngest was fifteen,the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years,during which custom,opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.____2____.Usually a woman's younger child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retire ment at sixty.____3____.
____4____.Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity,and most of them took a full-time job.However,when they married,they usually left work at once and never returned to it.Today the school-leaving age is sixteen,many girls stay at school after that age,and though women tend to marry younger,more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born.____5____.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life,and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money,and running the home,according to the abilities and interests of each of them.
A Today,women marry younger and have fewer children.
B Even while she has the care of children,her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods.
C Very many afterwards return to full or part-time work.
D The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women.
E For women at the beginning of the twentieth century,the amount of time spent taking care of children accounted for a great part of their lives.
F This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position.
其他段落首句先看空格下一句。没有复现再看上段段尾句。找复现就是选项中的词跟空格左右的句子、单词谁复现得多就选谁.就是看空格左右的词跟选项中的词有没有一样的。有一样的就选一样的。
2.中间不忘主题句。前瞻后望找启事。这种方法适合说明文。
3.末尾常是下结论，也可排比和举例（例子）。末尾句一般都是结论句。比如：therefore,as a result等等。
四、注意事项
绝对常是干扰项，意思太泛、太窄要小心。
2.选项与空格周围重复的字越多，可能越是答案。就是看选项中的单词与空格中单词的复现率。如果在段中，一般先看空格的左边。然后再看空格右边，找复现。如果是段尾句，则先看空格左边。如果空格没有再去本段的中心主题。如果在段首，先看右，再看上一段段尾。五个空格实际上就看十句话左右。
3.选项中的主语可能会是空格前句话的宾语的再现。或者说选项中的宾语或表语可能会是空格下句话的主语的再现（复现）。
4.与标题内容相违背的选项不能入选。意思不正确的选项不能入选。
Reinventing the Table
An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.
46 But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the ele-ments themselves.
"I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students."he says,crisscrossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table.47 But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ions react with which.
"Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements,"says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge 48
49 He explains that sulphur,for example,shows up in three different spots one-for sulphide,which is found in minerals,one for sulphite,and one for sulphate,which is found in sea slat,for instance.
He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which are common in soil or water.50
A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in l871.
B Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.
C"I imagine this would be good for undergraduates."
D Railsbaek has listed some elements more than once.
E And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust.
F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.
5.不要为了得满分而做题就能得高分。
做题的步骤：1.先把文章的标题借助字典先查一查，看一看。2.看选项，从选项中找出特殊标志的词。比如数字、专有名词、引号句、问号句、I和We，还有一些特殊标志的词能帮助我们确定答案的位置。比如：and不能放在段首句。再如for example,for instanse,告诉我们前面的句子是主题，后面的句子必须和它对上。3.开始做题。如果在段首，先看右，再看上一段段尾。如果在段中，一般先看空格的左边。然后再看空格右边，找复现。如果是段尾句，则先看空格左边。如果空格没有再去本段的中心主题。
Conservation or Wasted Effort?
The black robin（旅鸫）is one of the world's rarest birds.It is a small wild bird,and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there;in 1977 there were fewer than ten.46
Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.47 The idea is to buy an-other island nearby as a special home,a"reserve",for threatened wild life,including black robins.The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked（重新准备）with the robin's food.Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.
Is all this concern a waste of human effort?48 Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?
In the earth's long,long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved,risen to a degree of success and died out.In the long,long future there will be many new and different forms of life.Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time.49 This is nature's proven method of operation.
The rule of selection-"the survival of the fittest"-is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene.We,being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced,may last longer than most,50 You may take it as another rule that when,at last,human beings show signs of dying out,no other creature will extend a paw（爪）to postpone our departure.On the contrary,we will be hurried out.
Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins.I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.
A Some creatures,certain small animals,insects and birds,will almost certainly outlast（比……长久）man,for they seem even more adaptable.
B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.
C Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money has been made.
D Both represent orders in the classification of life.
E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?
F These are the only black robins left in the world.
含有绝对意义字眼的单词可能是干扰项。不一定是绝对错误的。不能拿阅读的方法来套补全短文。
补全短文的重点就抓两项：第一找特殊符号。第二找复现。第三是找最长的。
there be句型be动词单复数应该采取就近原则。
than前面应该找比较级。
take steps采取措施
thousand具体数字与它连用时不加s.只要是与of连用时就必须加s.
hundreds of用法与上面一样
died out死绝了，灭光了。同义改写：extinct
dying out
at last最后、终于。相当于finaly
postpone推迟相当于put off,delay
On the contrary相反
tough艰难的、困苦的相当于difficult,hard
even more比较级前面可用程度副词来修饰。共有五个：much,far,a little,a bit,even（甚至）
whether一般与or连用。一般会说whether……or;whether……or not
标题带问号，证明这道题没有答案。答案肯定是不定的。
第二步看选项A到F.
This是考指代题，他必须指代上句话的内容
Home Schooling
All children in the United States have to receive an education,but the law does not say they have to be educated at school.A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.…………（46）.There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.Soma parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values;others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.…………（47）.
David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school.…………（48）.For example,when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day,it may start a discussion or reading about climate,snow removal equipment,Alaska,polar bears,and winter tourism.Or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.………（49）.
Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,but critics say that home-schoolers aye outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life.………（50）.However,most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home,so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.
A Interestingly,results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.
B Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.
C Learning starts with the children's interests and questions
D Children who are educated at home are known as"home-schoolers"
E In some countries,there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.
F lf the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news,it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate,how deserts are formed，and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.
A number of=a lot of后边的名词必须用复数
prefer to do宁愿……prefer doing sth.to donging……宁愿做什么，
不愿做什么prefer sth.to sth.
send sb.to some place送某人去某地
Ants as a Barometer of Ecological Change
At picnics,ants are pests.But they have their uses.In industriesl such as mining,farthing and forestry,they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around and being antsy.
It has been recognized for decades that ants-which are highly sensitive to ecological change—can provide a near-percent barometer of the state of an ecosystem.Only certain species,for instance,will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees.46.And still others will move in and take up residence.
By looking at which species populate a deforested area,scientists can determine how"stressed"the land is.47 Ants are used simply because they are so common and comprise so many species.
Where mine sites are being restored,for example,some ant species will recolonize the stripped land more quickly than others.48 Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys for years to determine the rate of recovery of land that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.
Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa and Brazil,where warm climates encourage dense and diverse ant populations."We found it worked extremely well there,"says Jonathan Majer r a professor of environmental biology.Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia,he says,because ants are so common throughout the region.As Majer puts it:"That's the great thing about ants."
Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accept their results when assessing the environmental impact of mining and tree harvesting.49
Why not?Because many companies can't afford the expense or the laboratory time needed to sift results for a comprehensive survey.The cost stems,also,from the scarcity of ant specialists.50
A This allowed scientists to gauge the pace and progress of the ecological recovery.
B Yet in other businesses,such as farming and property development,ant surveys aren't used widely.
C Employing those people are expensive.
D They do this by sorting the ants,counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.
E The evolution of ant species may have a strong impact on our ecosystem.
F Others will die out for lack of food.
is out出去is in在家
与questions连用的一般都是ask或answer.
与problem连用的一般都是solve或work out
Pain
All of us have felt pain.We have cut ourselves.We have been burned.Or we have had headaches.Some of us suffer pain rarely.46
Pain can take complete control of our body and mind,making it impossible to move and even to think.Yet we need pain.Without it,we would not know if we have hurt ourselves.It is our body's warning system.47
Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor.It is the most common reason we take medicines.Until recently,however,most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped some pains.48 But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better.
Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals.49 Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain:one very fast,the other stow.The first message is the warning signal.It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second.In less than a second,the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured.50 It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.
A And others have painful attacks all the time.
B These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area,up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain,and back down again.
C It tells us that we are injured and should do something about it.
D They knew little about the process of pain itself.
E The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.
F And they send the second,slower message of pain to the brain.
it只是形式宾语，动词不定式to do才是实际宾语是的做什么怎么样。
_____it easier to make friends.
A.have B.find C.get D.go
原因词一般跟why连在一起。如果选项中出现why一般用because回答。或用because of来回答。第二种就可能用due to来回答。或这用owing to.还用一种就是用reason回答。
注意同义改写
doctor医生drugs毒品
physician内科医生take medicines吃药
dentist牙医
surgeon外科医生
recently最近地，相当于lately
recently也是完成时的标志
a few和few共同修饰可数名词的复数。a little和little修饰不可数名词。带a的是肯定。不带a的是否定。
however放句中两边都要有逗号。
be made up of由什么组成=consists of（不用被动）
both……and……两者都neither……nor……两者都不……（既不……也不……）either……or……要么这个要么那个
……,also……同结构的复现才有用。slso在原文中出现时一定要看完后面的句子后在做选择。
one……the other……是两者之中的另外一个。
冒号表示解释。冒号前后可以划等号。
and两边是平行结构。平行结构词两边要求词性、词义
同义替换中经常考：
injure指事故中受伤
wound指枪（刀、剑）伤
hurt指伤及情感感情，指肌肉的疼痛
Mergers
The most common kind of consolidation today is the merger.46
With the deregulation of natural gas,the nation's 20 interstate pipeline companies became fearful of cutthroat competition.47 In 1985 Internorth of Omaha paid,$2.3 billion for Houston Natural Gas Corporation,thereby gaining control of the world's longest pipeline.The system connected markets from coast to coast and raised sales to$10 billion.
On occasion,mergers have occurred between smaller companies in an industry dominated by a few giant firms.These smaller companies claim that they need to merge to become more efficient and effective in competing against the biggest corporations.48 The Antitrust Division of the Justice Department has not always agreed with them.
Four major waves of mergers have taken place in this country.The first started in l887,just prior to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act,and ended in l904.It involved such giants as United States Steel and Standard Oil trying to create monopolies in their industries.From the end of World War I until the l930s,large firms swallowed smaller firms to create oligopolies.The monopoly has no chance and the oligopoly little chance of succeeding today under present antitrust policy.
The third major merger movement began in the l960s,reached a peak in l969,and then gradually declined.Many of the acquisitions involved giant firms in one industry buying up large companies in totally unrelated industries.Such mergers are called conglomerate mergers 49
Mergers in the last ten years were in the thousands.More important is the value of the transactions,which has risen sharply.The number of mergers and acquisitions apply only to those valued at$100 million or more.The petroleum industry had mergers and acquisitions valued at close to$80 billion between l981 and l984.50
A Some felt that they could increase their efficiency and improve their market flexibility by merging.
B They maintain that such action increases competition instead of reducing it.
C Other industries experiencing large takeovers were banking and finance,insurance,mining and mineral,and processed foods.
D Fierce competition on the international market results in combinations of small firms.
E A classic example is Mobil Oil Corporation's purchase of the huge retail chain Montgomery Ward&Company.
F A merger occurs when two or more companies get together to form one company.
如果空格前边出现一个主谓宾的现象时，选项中的主语有可能是空格前一句的宾语的再现。选项的宾语或表语就有可能是空格下一句的主语的再现。
from……to……从……到……industry工业，工厂;行业
from……till……works重型工业工厂/factory
occur发生=happen,take place
两者之间用between,三者以上用among
表示行业的词：industry,business,trade,line
dominate控制=control
名词+-ed+by这时候的-ed+by是作定语的。
the room cleaned by us
claim声称
agreed with同意某人
prior to容易考同义改写相当于before在……之前
such……as……象……一样
1930s二十世纪三十年代
1400十五世纪
看到such,this.these这样的词都是考指代出题原则。前面肯定会提到，否则就不能选。看到这样的题一定要往前指。
last容易考同义改写。相当于past表示刚刚过去的。
ten years=decade（十年）
which前面一般有逗号。如果这儿给你的选项是that,which,what,where这儿只能选which.which在引导非限定性定语时它做has risen的主语，what永远不能引导定语从句。where引导定语从句必须是作状语。
The number of表示……的总数（总量）谓语动词必须用单数和第三人称。
at close to接近
between一般和and搭配表示在两者之间。（也是在完型中比较爱考的一个现象。）
instead of而不是，肯定前者否定后者。等于rather than.
A instead of（ratner than）B就是肯A否B
反义词：increase增加
reduce减少
finance当动词是提供资金，提供基金和fund,grant是特别重要的同义改写。
results in导致和lead to是同义改写。（强调的是果）
results from由……引起（强调的是因）
purchase=buy但purchase一般是购买大件，购买小件最好用buy.
单选练习
18.John ________ him that he should say a few words about this at the meeting.
A talked B told C spoke
19.When the teacher came into the classroom,the students stopped ________ at once.
A 1aughing B 1aughed C 1augh
20.A girl saw it ________ when she Was walking past.
A happened B was happening C happen
21.You must keep your room ________.
A clean B cleaning C to clean
22.My parents ________ to Kunming.They left this morning and will return in a month.
A have been B went C have gone
23.Two months ________ quite long for me.I can't wait.
A is B are C wore
24.One day,I ________ some boys playing in that river.
A asked B saw C made
25.The policeman let the traffic ________ again.
A go B to go C going
26.I'm sorry she's out and she ________ back until 9:00.
A will come B come C won't be
27.Has Lucy forgotten ________?Yes,she has forgotten ________.
A somthing…something B anything…nothing C anything…something
28.There is ________ with Kate.
A anything wrong B wrong something C something wrong
29.The Great Green Wall stops the sand ________ towards the rich farmland in the south.
A not to move B without moving C from moving
30.—Let's go out for a walk,________?
—All right.
A don't we B shall we C will you
talk表示讨论、谈论clean当形容词用指清洁的。
tell sb.告诉去了还没回就用have gone
speak说某种语言去了已经回来了就用have been
stop+to do停下来去做另一件事Two months是整体概念，动词用单数。
stop+doing别做了直到……才……not……until……
感官动词+sb.（代词）+do something用于肯定;anything用于否定或疑问
感官动词+sb.（代词）+doing
形容词修饰不定代词时形容词要后置。
阻止……stop……from……=keep……from……;prevent……from……
祈使句的反义问句一般情况下就用will you?
let's咱们，包括听话人也包括说话人，要用shall we?
let us让我们，是征求对方的意见。要用will you?……你同意吗?
祈使句的反义问句都要求用will you?
祈使句就是第一人称对第二人称的命令。
一、题型要求
补全短文的设计思路是，给出一篇300-450词的短文，其中有5处空白，文章后面有6段文字，要求应试者根据文章的内容选择5段文字，将其放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。这种题型重在考查应试者把握文章结构、掌握作者思路的能力。这是一种较高层次的阅读理解能力，要求考生能够从宏观的角度把握文章的内容和结构，要想做好这类题，必须从语篇的角度，搞清楚文章的脉络，吃透文章的意思。
二、解题技巧
补全短文是军队职称英语六大题型中最难的一种题型，在做这种题型时要先预测选项，注意抓选项主干，猜测选项的大致意思，同时要注意连词，代词，名词，形容词，副词等的出现。之后回到原文中看看空白处所在的位置，如果是在段首句，也许意味着是中心主题句，如果是在段尾句，也许意味着是中心主题句或是细节论述，如果是在段中，也许意味着是细节论述。最后根据空白处的前后句的意思，按先易后难的顺序将原文恢复原貌。做完之后在把文章看一遍，检查一下所填的顺序是否符合文章二下文的要求。
三、补全短文常考连词
并列递进
and和;又;及such…a…象…一样
he same…as和…一样either……or……或者…或者…
in other words换句话说similar相似的
neither…nor…既不…也不…
like象…
likewise也，而且
in addition另外
even甚至，更
not only…but also不但…而且
also也moreover而且;此外
2.转折
but但是
instead（0f）代替
despite不管
though尽管
conversely相反地
unlike不象
whereas然而
as well也，此外
besides在…旁边;除了
such如此
this means这意味着
still then就在那时
furthermore更
not…but不是…而是
however但是
rather（than）不是…而是
in spite of不管
although尽管
unless除非
unfortunately不幸地
no matter how/what/where/who无论怎样/什么/在哪里/谁
while/nevertheless然而
3.比较
while然而
inferior仍比…低级（次）
as…as和…一样
in contrast相反
prefer A to B宁愿选A而不选B
4.原因
because（0f）因为，由于
due to由于
as a result of因为，由于
thanks to由于
5.结果
as a result结果…
Thus.therefore因此
so（such）…that如此…以至于
6.列举。
first（1y）首先
third（1y）再次
another……另一个…
0n the other hand另一方面
the more…the more越…越…
on the contrary t0相反地
superior to比…高级（好）
not so/as…as不和…一样
more/less than多/少于
since因为
as因为,由于
for the reason因为，由于
consequently结果
so因此
second（ly）其次
finally最后
the most…最…的
one factor（problem，means，feature）一个因素（问题，方法，特色）
什么叫补全短文？就是给出一篇文章，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。从A到F选项中找一个字最多的。
第5部分：补全短文（第46－50题，每题2分，共l0分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
补全短文的注意事项：
补全短文的命题原则
2.补全短文的解题技巧
Home Schooling
All children in the United States have to receive an education,but the law does not say they have to be educated at school.A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.…………（46）.There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.Soma parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values;others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.…………（47）.
David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school.…………（48）.For example,when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day,it may start a discussion or reading about climate,snow removal equipment,Alaska,polar bears,and winter tourism.Or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.………（49）.
Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,but critics say that home-schoolers aye outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life.………（50）.However,most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home,so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.
A Interestingly,results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.
B Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.
C Learning starts with the children's interests and questions
D Children who are educated at home are known as"home-schoolers"
E In some countries,there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.
F lf the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news,it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate,how deserts are formed，and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.
补全短文解题技巧：
一、看标题定文体。从中文的角度思考有记叙文、说明文、议论文。记叙文中离不开六大要素。时间、地点、人物、事件。如果标题中的词在字典中没有，那就是专有名词。国家名词一般都有。机构或人名一般没有。如果没有，首段就会给下一个定义。
Ludwig Van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven,a major composer of the nineteenth century,overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness.
Born in Bonn,Germany,in 1770,he first studied music with the court organist,Gilles van der Eeden.His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking._____（1）_____.Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782,Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola.In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron,Count Ferdinand Waldstein,to study music under Haydn.
Beethoven remained unmarried._____（2）_____.Continually plagued by ill health,he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819.
_____（3）_____.He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth:three piano sonatas,four string quartets,the Missa Solemnis,and the 9th Symphony.He died in 1827._____（4）_____.
Noting that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage,Goethe once said of him,“I am astonished by his talent,but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality.”_____（5）_____.
A.In spite of this handicap,however,he continued to write music.
B.Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons,he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life.
C.His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence.
D.When his mother died,Beethoven,then a young man,was named guardian of his two younger brothers.
E.Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed,his music shows great discipline and control,and this is how we remember him best.
F.Today his music is still being played all over the world.
一般而言第一长或第二长的往往都是答案。
说明文怎么办?说明文必须有说明的中心或说明的主题。所叙述的东西都必须围绕主题阐述。
二、看选项A到F
2.抓主干，猜大意。弄清它是啥东西。
如：for example,就要看它是不是例证。是不是举例。举例句的前一句肯定是中心主题句.举例后面的东西肯定会跟前面的有关系，有着联系。
如果出现because……那就是所原因，是因果关系。
如果出现but或however就是转折。前后正好相反。
如果出现……is……就是判断句。判断句就是给这个词下定义。
2、不要放过特征词。比如:数字。选项中如果有数字了，那么可能空格周围就会有数字出现。年代只有在记叙文当中才有用。
专有名词就是找复现。整篇文章和选项中多次出现的专有名词没用。如果是别的专有名词中没有的专有名词，那就要在文章空格的左右找复现。如果有就填进去。
只要是代词就必须有指代。重点将两个词：I,We.如果文章不是以第一人称的进行写作的，选项中如果初现I和We时，它只能放在，只能出现在引号句中。
如果整篇文章都是I和We就没有作用了。
名词和名词短语，时态语态如果文章全是用过去时写作的，突然选项中出现现在时了，那有一种情况就是文章该结尾了。还有一种情况可能是放在引号句中。
Ludwig Van Beethoven
A.In spite of this handicap,however,he continued to write music.
B.Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support
from his patrons,he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life.
C.His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence.
D.When his mother died,Beethoven,then a young man,was named guardian of his two younger brothers.
E.Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed,his music shows great discipline and control,and this is how we remember him best.
F.Today his music is still being played all over the world.
补全短文要求大家只用五分钟做完。那就首先挑一最长的。剩下的就去找数字、I,We、专有名词复现等等。
3、小词帮你出大力，时态帮你理顺序。标点解决大问题。
小词：also如果出现同结构的复现就好做了。比如：He said……,he also said…….He thinks about……,he also thinks about……
some……others……是句型的一种复现。
……，either……表示也不.
如：He is not a teacher,I'm not a teacher,either.
still
标点引号句:选项中如果有引号句出现，空格周围可能会有引号句出现。
Reinventing the Table
An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.
_____（46）_____ But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves.
“I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students,”he says,criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table._____（47）_____ But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ions react with which.
“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements,”says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _____（48）_____
_____（49）_____ He explains that sulphur,for example,shows up in three different spots one—for sulphide,which is found in minerals,one for sulphite,and one for sulphate,which is found in sea slat,for instance.
He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which are common in soil or water._____（50）_____
A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871.
B Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.
C“I imagine this would be good for undergraduates.”
D Raisback has listed some elements more than once.
E And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust.
F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.
出现引号句要一段落为主。哪一段出现引号句，就都出来。
问号句：如果是一般疑问句1）.可以去找排比句。2）.找回答语。
特殊疑问句如果使用What来问，它的回答语一般是名词或名词短语。一般很少是代词。如果是Why，回答语一般是原因。表原因的词有：because,because of或者是due to,owing to
特殊疑问句抓问句的主语和答语的主语。回答语的主语一般都是指代。
三、回头再去看原文明确1到5的空格位置
开头常是主题句（首段首句）。直接掉头看标题。
Exercise Three The Changes of Women's Lives
____1____.During the twentieth century there has been fl remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for children.A woman married at the end of the nine teenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties,and would be likely to have seven or eight children,of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.By the time the youngest was fifteen,the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years,during which custom,opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.____2____.Usually a woman's younger child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retire ment at sixty.____3____.
____4____.Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity,and most of them took a full-time job.However,when they married,they usually left work at once and never returned to it.Today the school-leaving age is sixteen,many girls stay at school after that age,and though women tend to marry younger,more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born.____5____.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life,and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money,and running the home,according to the abilities and interests of each of them.
A Today,women marry younger and have fewer children.
B Even while she has the care of children,her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods.
C Very many afterwards return to full or part-time work.
D The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women.
E For women at the beginning of the twentieth century,the amount of time spent taking care of children accounted for a great part of their lives.
F This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position.
其他段落首句先看空格下一句。没有复现再看上段段尾句。找复现就是选项中的词跟空格左右的句子、单词谁复现得多就选谁.就是看空格左右的词跟选项中的词有没有一样的。有一样的就选一样的。
2.中间不忘主题句。前瞻后望找启事。这种方法适合说明文。
3.末尾常是下结论，也可排比和举例（例子）。末尾句一般都是结论句。比如：therefore,as a result等等。
四、注意事项
绝对常是干扰项，意思太泛、太窄要小心。
2.选项与空格周围重复的字越多，可能越是答案。就是看选项中的单词与空格中单词的复现率。如果在段中，一般先看空格的左边。然后再看空格右边，找复现。如果是段尾句，则先看空格左边。如果空格没有再去本段的中心主题。如果在段首，先看右，再看上一段段尾。五个空格实际上就看十句话左右。
3.选项中的主语可能会是空格前句话的宾语的再现。或者说选项中的宾语或表语可能会是空格下句话的主语的再现（复现）。
4.与标题内容相违背的选项不能入选。意思不正确的选项不能入选。
Reinventing the Table
An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.
46 But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the ele-ments themselves.
"I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students."he says,crisscrossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table.47 But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ions react with which.
"Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements,"says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge 48
49 He explains that sulphur,for example,shows up in three different spots one-for sulphide,which is found in minerals,one for sulphite,and one for sulphate,which is found in sea slat,for instance.
He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which are common in soil or water.50
A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in l871.
B Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.
C"I imagine this would be good for undergraduates."
D Railsbaek has listed some elements more than once.
E And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust.
F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.
5.不要为了得满分而做题就能得高分。
做题的步骤：1.先把文章的标题借助字典先查一查，看一看。2.看选项，从选项中找出特殊标志的词。比如数字、专有名词、引号句、问号句、I和We，还有一些特殊标志的词能帮助我们确定答案的位置。比如：and不能放在段首句。再如for example,for instanse,告诉我们前面的句子是主题，后面的句子必须和它对上。3.开始做题。如果在段首，先看右，再看上一段段尾。如果在段中，一般先看空格的左边。然后再看空格右边，找复现。如果是段尾句，则先看空格左边。如果空格没有再去本段的中心主题。
Conservation or Wasted Effort?
The black robin（旅鸫）is one of the world's rarest birds.It is a small wild bird,and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there;in 1977 there were fewer than ten.46
Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.47 The idea is to buy an-other island nearby as a special home,a"reserve",for threatened wild life,including black robins.The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked（重新准备）with the robin's food.Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.
Is all this concern a waste of human effort?48 Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?
In the earth's long,long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved,risen to a degree of success and died out.In the long,long future there will be many new and different forms of life.Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time.49 This is nature's proven method of operation.
The rule of selection-"the survival of the fittest"-is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene.We,being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced,may last longer than most,50 You may take it as another rule that when,at last,human beings show signs of dying out,no other creature will extend a paw（爪）to postpone our departure.On the contrary,we will be hurried out.
Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins.I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.
A Some creatures,certain small animals,insects and birds,will almost certainly outlast（比……长久）man,for they seem even more adaptable.
B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.
C Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money has been made.
D Both represent orders in the classification of life.
E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?
F These are the only black robins left in the world.
含有绝对意义字眼的单词可能是干扰项。不一定是绝对错误的。不能拿阅读的方法来套补全短文。
补全短文的重点就抓两项：第一找特殊符号。第二找复现。第三是找最长的。
there be句型be动词单复数应该采取就近原则。
than前面应该找比较级。
take steps采取措施
thousand具体数字与它连用时不加s.只要是与of连用时就必须加s.
hundreds of用法与上面一样
died out死绝了，灭光了。同义改写：extinct
dying out
at last最后、终于。相当于finaly
postpone推迟相当于put off,delay
On the contrary相反
tough艰难的、困苦的相当于difficult,hard
even more比较级前面可用程度副词来修饰。共有五个：much,far,a little,a bit,even（甚至）
whether一般与or连用。一般会说whether……or;whether……or not
标题带问号，证明这道题没有答案。答案肯定是不定的。
第二步看选项A到F.
This是考指代题，他必须指代上句话的内容
Home Schooling
All children in the United States have to receive an education,but the law does not say they have to be educated at school.A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.…………（46）.There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.Soma parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values;others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.…………（47）.
David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school.…………（48）.For example,when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day,it may start a discussion or reading about climate,snow removal equipment,Alaska,polar bears,and winter tourism.Or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.………（49）.
Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,but critics say that home-schoolers aye outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life.………（50）.However,most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home,so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.
A Interestingly,results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.
B Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.
C Learning starts with the children's interests and questions
D Children who are educated at home are known as"home-schoolers"
E In some countries,there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.
F lf the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news,it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate,how deserts are formed，and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.
A number of=a lot of后边的名词必须用复数
prefer to do宁愿……prefer doing sth.to donging……宁愿做什么，
不愿做什么prefer sth.to sth.
send sb.to some place送某人去某地
Ants as a Barometer of Ecological Change
At picnics,ants are pests.But they have their uses.In industriesl such as mining,farthing and forestry,they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around and being antsy.
It has been recognized for decades that ants-which are highly sensitive to ecological change—can provide a near-percent barometer of the state of an ecosystem.Only certain species,for instance,will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees.46.And still others will move in and take up residence.
By looking at which species populate a deforested area,scientists can determine how"stressed"the land is.47 Ants are used simply because they are so common and comprise so many species.
Where mine sites are being restored,for example,some ant species will recolonize the stripped land more quickly than others.48 Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys for years to determine the rate of recovery of land that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.
Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa and Brazil,where warm climates encourage dense and diverse ant populations."We found it worked extremely well there,"says Jonathan Majer r a professor of environmental biology.Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia,he says,because ants are so common throughout the region.As Majer puts it:"That's the great thing about ants."
Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accept their results when assessing the environmental impact of mining and tree harvesting.49
Why not?Because many companies can't afford the expense or the laboratory time needed to sift results for a comprehensive survey.The cost stems,also,from the scarcity of ant specialists.50
A This allowed scientists to gauge the pace and progress of the ecological recovery.
B Yet in other businesses,such as farming and property development,ant surveys aren't used widely.
C Employing those people are expensive.
D They do this by sorting the ants,counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.
E The evolution of ant species may have a strong impact on our ecosystem.
F Others will die out for lack of food.
is out出去is in在家
与questions连用的一般都是ask或answer.
与problem连用的一般都是solve或work out
Pain
All of us have felt pain.We have cut ourselves.We have been burned.Or we have had headaches.Some of us suffer pain rarely.46
Pain can take complete control of our body and mind,making it impossible to move and even to think.Yet we need pain.Without it,we would not know if we have hurt ourselves.It is our body's warning system.47
Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor.It is the most common reason we take medicines.Until recently,however,most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped some pains.48 But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better.
Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals.49 Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain:one very fast,the other stow.The first message is the warning signal.It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second.In less than a second,the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured.50 It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.
A And others have painful attacks all the time.
B These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area,up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain,and back down again.
C It tells us that we are injured and should do something about it.
D They knew little about the process of pain itself.
E The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.
F And they send the second,slower message of pain to the brain.
it只是形式宾语，动词不定式to do才是实际宾语是的做什么怎么样。
_____it easier to make friends.
A.have B.find C.get D.go
原因词一般跟why连在一起。如果选项中出现why一般用because回答。或用because of来回答。第二种就可能用due to来回答。或这用owing to.还用一种就是用reason回答。
注意同义改写
doctor医生drugs毒品
physician内科医生take medicines吃药
dentist牙医
surgeon外科医生
recently最近地，相当于lately
recently也是完成时的标志
a few和few共同修饰可数名词的复数。a little和little修饰不可数名词。带a的是肯定。不带a的是否定。
however放句中两边都要有逗号。
be made up of由什么组成=consists of（不用被动）
both……and……两者都neither……nor……两者都不……（既不……也不……）either……or……要么这个要么那个
……,also……同结构的复现才有用。slso在原文中出现时一定要看完后面的句子后在做选择。
one……the other……是两者之中的另外一个。
冒号表示解释。冒号前后可以划等号。
and两边是平行结构。平行结构词两边要求词性、词义
同义替换中经常考：
injure指事故中受伤
wound指枪（刀、剑）伤
hurt指伤及情感感情，指肌肉的疼痛
Mergers
The most common kind of consolidation today is the merger.46
With the deregulation of natural gas,the nation's 20 interstate pipeline companies became fearful of cutthroat competition.47 In 1985 Internorth of Omaha paid,$2.3 billion for Houston Natural Gas Corporation,thereby gaining control of the world's longest pipeline.The system connected markets from coast to coast and raised sales to$10 billion.
On occasion,mergers have occurred between smaller companies in an industry dominated by a few giant firms.These smaller companies claim that they need to merge to become more efficient and effective in competing against the biggest corporations.48 The Antitrust Division of the Justice Department has not always agreed with them.
Four major waves of mergers have taken place in this country.The first started in l887,just prior to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act,and ended in l904.It involved such giants as United States Steel and Standard Oil trying to create monopolies in their industries.From the end of World War I until the l930s,large firms swallowed smaller firms to create oligopolies.The monopoly has no chance and the oligopoly little chance of succeeding today under present antitrust policy.
The third major merger movement began in the l960s,reached a peak in l969,and then gradually declined.Many of the acquisitions involved giant firms in one industry buying up large companies in totally unrelated industries.Such mergers are called conglomerate mergers 49
Mergers in the last ten years were in the thousands.More important is the value of the transactions,which has risen sharply.The number of mergers and acquisitions apply only to those valued at$100 million or more.The petroleum industry had mergers and acquisitions valued at close to$80 billion between l981 and l984.50
A Some felt that they could increase their efficiency and improve their market flexibility by merging.
B They maintain that such action increases competition instead of reducing it.
C Other industries experiencing large takeovers were banking and finance,insurance,mining and mineral,and processed foods.
D Fierce competition on the international market results in combinations of small firms.
E A classic example is Mobil Oil Corporation's purchase of the huge retail chain Montgomery Ward&Company.
F A merger occurs when two or more companies get together to form one company.
如果空格前边出现一个主谓宾的现象时，选项中的主语有可能是空格前一句的宾语的再现。选项的宾语或表语就有可能是空格下一句的主语的再现。
from……to……从……到……industry工业，工厂;行业
from……till……works重型工业工厂/factory
occur发生=happen,take place
两者之间用between,三者以上用among
表示行业的词：industry,business,trade,line
dominate控制=control
名词+-ed+by这时候的-ed+by是作定语的。
the room cleaned by us
claim声称
agreed with同意某人
prior to容易考同义改写相当于before在……之前
such……as……象……一样
1930s二十世纪三十年代
1400十五世纪
看到such,this.these这样的词都是考指代出题原则。前面肯定会提到，否则就不能选。看到这样的题一定要往前指。
last容易考同义改写。相当于past表示刚刚过去的。
ten years=decade（十年）
which前面一般有逗号。如果这儿给你的选项是that,which,what,where这儿只能选which.which在引导非限定性定语时它做has risen的主语，what永远不能引导定语从句。where引导定语从句必须是作状语。
The number of表示……的总数（总量）谓语动词必须用单数和第三人称。
at close to接近
between一般和and搭配表示在两者之间。（也是在完型中比较爱考的一个现象。）
instead of而不是，肯定前者否定后者。等于rather than.
A instead of（ratner than）B就是肯A否B
反义词：increase增加
reduce减少
finance当动词是提供资金，提供基金和fund,grant是特别重要的同义改写。
results in导致和lead to是同义改写。（强调的是果）
results from由……引起（强调的是因）
purchase=buy但purchase一般是购买大件，购买小件最好用buy.
单选练习
18.John ________ him that he should say a few words about this at the meeting.
A talked B told C spoke
19.When the teacher came into the classroom,the students stopped ________ at once.
A 1aughing B 1aughed C 1augh
20.A girl saw it ________ when she Was walking past.
A happened B was happening C happen
21.You must keep your room ________.
A clean B cleaning C to clean
22.My parents ________ to Kunming.They left this morning and will return in a month.
A have been B went C have gone
23.Two months ________ quite long for me.I can't wait.
A is B are C wore
24.One day,I ________ some boys playing in that river.
A asked B saw C made
25.The policeman let the traffic ________ again.
A go B to go C going
26.I'm sorry she's out and she ________ back until 9:00.
A will come B come C won't be
27.Has Lucy forgotten ________?Yes,she has forgotten ________.
A somthing…something B anything…nothing C anything…something
28.There is ________ with Kate.
A anything wrong B wrong something C something wrong
29.The Great Green Wall stops the sand ________ towards the rich farmland in the south.
A not to move B without moving C from moving
30.—Let's go out for a walk,________?
—All right.
A don't we B shall we C will you
talk表示讨论、谈论clean当形容词用指清洁的。
tell sb.告诉去了还没回就用have gone
speak说某种语言去了已经回来了就用have been
stop+to do停下来去做另一件事Two months是整体概念，动词用单数。
stop+doing别做了直到……才……not……until……
感官动词+sb.（代词）+do something用于肯定;anything用于否定或疑问
感官动词+sb.（代词）+doing
形容词修饰不定代词时形容词要后置。
阻止……stop……from……=keep……from……;prevent……from……
祈使句的反义问句一般情况下就用will you?
let's咱们，包括听话人也包括说话人，要用shall we?
let us让我们，是征求对方的意见。要用will you?……你同意吗?
祈使句的反义问句都要求用will you?
祈使句就是第一人称对第二人称的命令。
一、题型要求
补全短文的设计思路是，给出一篇300-450词的短文，其中有5处空白，文章后面有6段文字，要求应试者根据文章的内容选择5段文字，将其放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。这种题型重在考查应试者把握文章结构、掌握作者思路的能力。这是一种较高层次的阅读理解能力，要求考生能够从宏观的角度把握文章的内容和结构，要想做好这类题，必须从语篇的角度，搞清楚文章的脉络，吃透文章的意思。
二、解题技巧
补全短文是军队职称英语六大题型中最难的一种题型，在做这种题型时要先预测选项，注意抓选项主干，猜测选项的大致意思，同时要注意连词，代词，名词，形容词，副词等的出现。之后回到原文中看看空白处所在的位置，如果是在段首句，也许意味着是中心主题句，如果是在段尾句，也许意味着是中心主题句或是细节论述，如果是在段中，也许意味着是细节论述。最后根据空白处的前后句的意思，按先易后难的顺序将原文恢复原貌。做完之后在把文章看一遍，检查一下所填的顺序是否符合文章二下文的要求。
三、补全短文常考连词
并列递进
and和;又;及such…a…象…一样
he same…as和…一样either……or……或者…或者…
in other words换句话说similar相似的
neither…nor…既不…也不…
like象…
likewise也，而且
in addition另外
even甚至，更
not only…but also不但…而且
also也moreover而且;此外
2.转折
but但是
instead（0f）代替
despite不管
though尽管
conversely相反地
unlike不象
whereas然而
as well也，此外
besides在…旁边;除了
such如此
this means这意味着
still then就在那时
furthermore更
not…but不是…而是
however但是
rather（than）不是…而是
in spite of不管
although尽管
unless除非
unfortunately不幸地
no matter how/what/where/who无论怎样/什么/在哪里/谁
while/nevertheless然而
3.比较
while然而
inferior仍比…低级（次）
as…as和…一样
in contrast相反
prefer A to B宁愿选A而不选B
4.原因
because（0f）因为，由于
due to由于
as a result of因为，由于
thanks to由于
5.结果
as a result结果…
Thus.therefore因此
so（such）…that如此…以至于
6.列举。
first（1y）首先
third（1y）再次
another……另一个…
0n the other hand另一方面
the more…the more越…越…
on the contrary t0相反地
superior to比…高级（好）
not so/as…as不和…一样
more/less than多/少于
since因为
as因为,由于
for the reason因为，由于
consequently结果
so因此
second（ly）其次
finally最后
the most…最…的
one factor（problem，means，feature）一个因素（问题，方法，特色）
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