男，76岁。一年来日常活动时即感胸闷，3天前突发夜间阵发性呼吸困难，伴咳粉红泡沫痰。查体：BP100/70MMHG，心尖搏动呈抬举样，胸骨右缘第二肋间可闻及4/6级收缩期喷射样杂音，向颈部传导，双肺可闻及散在细湿啰音。最恰当的治疗措施是

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