According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by ________.

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• 1The word “arbiters” (Line 7, Paragraph 4) most probably refers to those ________.

  A.who work as coordinators

  B.who function as judges

  C.who supervise transactions

  D.who determine the price

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• 2It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.

  A.shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad

  B.there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide

  C.overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief

  D.a government board ensures fair play in railway business

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• 3What is many captive shippers’ attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry、

  A.Indifferent.

  B.Supportive.

  C.Indignant.

  D.Apprehensiv

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• 4According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because ________.

  A.cost reduction is based on competition

  B.services call for cross-trade coordination

  C.outside competitors will continue to exist

  D.shippers will have the railway by the throat

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• 5From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ________.

  A.a well-known humanist

  B.a medical practitioner

  C.an enthusiast in animal rights

  D.a supporter of animal research

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• 6What is implied in the first sentence、

  A.Americans are better prepared for death than other people.

  B.Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.

  C.Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.

  D.Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.

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• 7The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that ________.

  A.medical resources are often wasted

  B.doctors are helpless against fatal diseases

  C.some treatments are too aggressive

  D.medical costs are becoming unaffordable

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• 8The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of ________.

  A.strong disapproval

  B.reserved consent

  C.slight contempt

  D.enthusiastic support

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• 9In contrast to the U.S., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care ________.

  A.more flexibly

  B.more extravagantly

  C.more cautiously

  D.more reasonably

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• 10The text intends to express the idea that ________.

  A.medicine will further prolong people’s lives

  B.life beyond a certain limit is not worth living

  C.death should be accepted as a fact of life

  D.excessive demands increase the cost of health care

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