According to paragraph 2, the interest among photographers in each of the photography's two ideals can be described as

试卷相关题目

• 1The two directly opposite ideals of photography differ primarily in the

  A.emphasis that each places on the emotional impact of the finished product.

  B.degree of technical knowledge that each requires of the photographer.

  C.way in which each defines the role of the photographer.

  D.extent of the power that each requires of the photographer's equipment.

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• 2The author's attitude toward online advertising can be summarized as

  A.reserved consent but discontent.

  B.objective analysis void of opinions.

  C.enthusiastic support but slight contempt.

  D.approval so far but uncertainty in the futur

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• 3The expression “do the trick” in the last paragraph most probably means

  A.come to the point.

  B.fulfill their purpose.

  C.fail of their success.

  D.live up to their promis

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• 4Analyzing the current state of the online advertising in paragraph 4, the author implies that

  A.it has to be modified over time to remain effective.

  B.for all its current profits, it will fade in the long run.

  C.banners are beginning to lose their advertising efficiency.

  D.Internet advertising methods will continue to decrease sales.

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• 5The second and third paragraphs are written in order to illustrate

  A.the policy Internet advertisers design to lure clientele and its outcome.

  B.the process and mixed consequences of Internet advertising and shopping.

  C.the biggest splash Internet advertisers have recently made in sales promotions.

  D.the banners Internet advertisers take advantage of to arouse customers'interest.

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• 6The text states all of the following about photographs EXCEPT:

  A.They can display a cropped reality.

  B.They can convey information.

  C.They can depict the photographer's temperament.

  D.They can change the viewer's sensibilities.

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• 7The author mentions the work of Harold Edgerton in order to provide an example of

  A.the relationship between photographic originality and technology. [

  B.how the content of photographs has changed from the nineteenth century to the twentieth.

  C.the popularity of high-speed photography in the twentieth century.

  D.how a controlled ambivalence toward photography's means can produce outstanding pictures.

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• 8The author is primarily concerned with

  A.describing how photographers'individual temperaments are reflected in their work.

  B.establishing new technical standards for contemporary photography.

  C.analyzing the influence of photographic ideals on picture-taking.

  D.explaining how the technical limitations affect photographers'work.

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• 9Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the latter.41)______________________ Animals have a few cries that serve as signals, but even the highest apes have not been found able to pronounce words, even with the most intensive professional instruction. The superior brain of man is apparently a necessity for the mastering of speech. When man became sufficiently intelligent, we must suppose that he gradually increased the number of cries for different purposes. It was a great day when he discovered that speech could be used for narrative. There are those who think that in this respect picture language preceded oral language. A man could draw a picture on the wall of his cave to show in which direction he had gone, or what prey he hoped to catch. 42)_________________________Two important stages came not so long before the dawn of written history. The first was the domestication of animals; the second was agriculture. Agriculture made possible an immense increase in the number of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practiced. 43)___________________________44)______________________________These inventions and discoveries—fire, speech, weapons domestic animals, agriculture, and writing—made the existence of civilized communities possible. From about 3000 B.C. until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution less than two hundred years ago there was no technical advance comparable to these. During this long period man had time to become accustomed to his technique, and to develop the beliefs and political organizations appropriate to it. There was, of course, an immense extension in the area of civilized life. At first it had been confined to the Nile, the Euphrates, the Tigris, and the Indus, but at the end of the period in question it covered much the greatest part of the inhabitable globe. I do not mean to suggest that there was no technical progress during the time. 45)______________________ (512 words)Notes: ape 猿、pastoral nomad 田园式的游牧部落的人、the Euphrates 幼发拉底河、the Tigris 底格里斯河、the Indus 印度河、in question所谈的(在名词后作后置定语)、

  A.Probably picture language and oral language developed side by side. I am inclined to think that language has been the most important single factor in the development of man.

  B.Another fundamental technical advance was writing, which, like spoken language, developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage, it was possible to keep records and transmit information to people who were not present when the information was given.

  C.With the development of civilization, primitive people who lived in caves at that time badly needed a language, which would help them to communicate with one another.

  D.The origin of language is also obscur

  E.I am inclined to think that language has been the most important single factor in the development of man.B.Another fundamental technical advance was writing, which, like spoken language, developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage, it was possible to keep records and transmit information to people who were not present when the information was given.C.With the development of civilization, primitive people who lived in caves at that time badly needed a language, which would help them to communicate with one another.D.The origin of language is also obscure. No doubt it began very gradually.E.In fact, there was progress—there were even two inventions of very great importance, namely, gunpowder and the mariner's compass—but neither of these can be compared in their revolutionary power to such things as speech and writing and agriculture.

  G.These were, at first, only those in which nature fertilized the soil after each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance from the pastoral nomads, but the agricultural way of life prevailed in the end because of the physical comforts it provided.

  H.A.Probably picture language and oral language developed side by side. I am inclined to think that language has been the most important single factor in the development of man.B.Another fundamental technical advance was writing, which, like spoken language, developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage, it was possible to keep records and transmit information to people who were not present when the information was given.C.With the development of civilization, primitive people who lived in caves at that time badly needed a language, which would help them to communicate with one another.D.The origin of language is also obscure. No doubt it began very gradually.E.In fact, there was progress—there were even two inventions of very great importance, namely, gunpowder and the mariner's compass—but neither of these can be compared in their revolutionary power to such things as speech and writing and agriculture.F.These were, at first, only those in which nature fertilized the soil after each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance from the pastoral nomads, but the agricultural way of life prevailed in the end because of the physical comforts it provided.G.But industry was a step in human progress to which subsequently there was nothing comparable until our own machine age.A. B. C. D. E. F. G.

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