Jungers'report was based upon his comparison of _____ .

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• 1Jungers'finding showed that _____ .

  A.human beings walked upright later than australopithecines

  B.bipedalism might have developed suddenly in early humans

  C.early humans might have learned to walk gradnally

  D.human beings evolved from australopithecines rather than from apes

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• 2The passage is mainly about the role of _____ .

  A.reward in promoting their children's study

  B.selfcontrol and independence in child growth

  C.emotional reaction in promoting achievement

  D.praise in promoting desired behavior

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• 3If a child gets good marks for some courses and lower marks for others，a parent of a highneed achiever will _____ .

  A.criticize him for the lower marks and praise him for the good

  B.praise him and give some suggestions for further improvement

  C.praise him for the good marks and reward him

  D.criticize him for the lower marks and punish him

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• 4In the fourth sentence of paragraph 1，the expression“berate their children”probably means _____ .

  A.praise them

  B.neglect them

  C.scold them

  D.beat them

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• 5Parents of highneed achievers _____ .

  A.usually leave their children alone

  B.set very high standards for their children

  C.allow for failure on the part of their children

  D.control their children to a minimum degree

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• 6Which of the following is TRUE about Lucy according to Junger、

  A.Lucy walked more like apes than like human beings.

  B.Lucy moved her steps in the same manner as people.

  C.Lucy might walk quite differently from modern man.

  D.Lucy had hip and leg joints like people's.

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• 7Why is the size of the hip and leg joints imortant in establishing the human habit of bipedalism、

  A.they support human body in an upright position.

  B.they are the only observable evidence in australopithecines study.

  C.the evolution of the joints is the fastest in animals.

  D.they mark the major difference between humans and humanlike animals.

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• 8Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage、

  A.Ninety percent of all the matter in the universe is invisible.

  B.Dark matter causes visible matter to behave in a strange way.

  C.Galaxies in a cluster sometimes behave in an unusual manner.

  D.invisible matter keeps galaxies together with gravity.

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• 9In astronomical terms, a cluster _____ .

  A.consists of galaxies

  B.consists of groups

  C.makes up superclusters

  D.makes up a group

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• 10The nearer a planet is to the sun, _____ .

  A.the lighter it is

  B.the greater gravity it exerts

  C.the heavier it is

  D.the faster it orbits

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