2020天津武警考军校考试-词汇和语法结构(十六)
(十)从句
A.知识要点:
复合句中的从句除了经常用that作为引导词外,也常用疑问词(what, which, why, where, how, who等等)来引导。
1.名词从句
(1)在句中起名词作用的从句称为名词从句,可以在句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语、表语、同位语等。名词性从句通常由that, whether/if, 疑问词(which, what, why, how等)以及连接词(whenever“无论什么时候”, whatever“无论什么”等)引导。
e.g. That she doesn’t understand spoken English is obvious. 很明显她不懂口语。(主从)
I think (that) he is a good actor. 我知道他是个好演员。(宾从)
The truth is that he is only eighteen. 事实是他只有18岁。(表从)
The fact that Ann was late didn’t surprise me. 安迟到的事实我不足为奇。(同位语从句)
(2)由whether / if 引导的名词性从句:whether / if表示“是否”的意思。
e.g. Whether she goes with us (or not) is not important to me. 她是否和我们一起去对我而 言不重要。(主语从句)
I don’t know whether/if he will come. 我不知道他来不来。(宾语从句)
★ (3)由疑问词引导的名词性从句:疑问词引导名词性从句时,在从句中担任语法成分,而且常保留其本身的含义。
e.g. Why they left the country is a secret. 他们为什么要离开乡下是个秘密。(主从)
She explained to him how he can start the car. 她向他解释他怎样才能启动这汽车。(宾从)
The question was who owned the house. 问题是谁是那房子的主人。(表从)
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