2020天津武警考军校考试-词汇和语法结构（十七）

2.定语从句

(1)在句子中作定语的从句称为定语从句。

e.g. He is the person who / that is going to give a concert on the century square.

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先行词 关联词

他是那个要在世纪广场上举行音乐会的人。

★ (2)关联词在定语从句中充当一定成分，

① 关系代词：常见的有which, that, who, whom, whose。

who ─ 作主语：

指人：who, whom

whom ─ 作宾语

指物：which ─ 作主语或宾语

that ─ 作主语或宾语

指人或物：that, whose

whose ─ 作定语

e.g. A man who does not try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。(作主语)

The engineers (whom / that) we met yesterday have worked out a new machine. 我们昨天碰到的那些工程设计出了一种新的机器。(作宾语)

It is a problem which needs very careful consideration. 这是一个需要非常认真考虑的问题。(作主语)

Madame Curie is a great scientist whose name is known all over the world. 居里夫人是一位全世界闻名的伟大科学家。(作定语)

② 关系副词：常见的有when, where, why等。分别作时间、地点、原因状语。

e.g. We can never forget the day when Hong Kong returned to out homeland. 我们永远不会忘记香港回归祖国的那一天。(作时间状语)

The building where you used to live has been pulled down. 你过去曾住过的那栋大厦已经被拆除了。(作地点状语)

We know the reason why he was very angry. 我们知道他为什么非常生气。(作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason)