2020天津公安消防考军校考试：语法总结（9）

●who, whom, whose:

who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人

whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语; 只可指人

whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。

I like the students who/that work hard. (主语)

All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.)

Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. (宾语)

He's a man from whom we should learn.

= He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.

比较：He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.

He is the student who you think is worth praising.

A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.(指人)

I'd like a room whose window faces south. (指物)

=I'd like a room of which the window faces south.

=I'd like a room the window of which faces south.

There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come

关系代词作介词宾语:

关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.(介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.)

This is the book for which you asked.

=This is the book (that/which) you asked for.

Do you know the person with whom I shook hands?= Do you know the person (whom/who/that) I shook hands with?

The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.

In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.

Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week?

Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week?

This is the girl whom they are looking after. (介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。look at, look for, look after, take care of等)