万题库：2018年6月英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案(卷二)

 PartⅢ Reading Section C

　　Passage One

　　Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested.UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the European Centre for Environment and Human Health at the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. "There could be a number of reasons,” he said, “for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married.But the trouble with all those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don’t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery(彩票)winners who had won more than£500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."

　　Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.

　　Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many of the other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.

　　46.【题干】According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?

　　【选项】

　　A.Improve their work efficiency.

　　B.Add to their sustained happiness.

　　C.Help them build a positive attitude towards life.

　　D.Lessen their concerns about material well-being.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】本题对应原文首段中UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect。又根据第一段的意思可得出居住在绿色的环境里会使人更加的快乐，故得出答案。

　　【考点】

　　47.【题干】What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?

　　【选项】

　　A.Earn more money.

　　B.Gain fame and popularity.

　　C.Settle in an urban area.

　　D.Live in a green environment.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】本题对应原文首段中Mathew White所说的话中”for example people do all sorts of things to make them happier：they strive for promotion at work，pay rises，they even get married”，由此推导出答案。

　　【考点】

　　48.【题干】What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?

　　【选项】

　　A.How it affects different people.

　　B.How strong its effect is.

　　C.How long its positive effect lasts.

　　D.How it benefits physically

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】由第一段可知如升值、加薪、中彩票只会给人们带来短期的快乐，这种快乐在过了六个月到一年后就会消失，并根据第二段首句”Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time”，可推导出Dr. White想要知道居住在绿色环境中给人带来的积极的影响可以持续多久。

　　【考点】

　　49.【题干】What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green environment?

　　【选项】

　　A.Their stress was more apparent than real.

　　B.Their decisions required less deliberation.

　　C.Their memories were greatly strengthened.

　　D.Their communication with others improved.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】根据原文中第三段最后一句话”There is evidence that people within an area with green spaces are less stressed and when you are less stressed you make more sensible decisions and you communicate better”，最后的communicate better可推导出答案D。

　　【考点】

　　50.【题干】According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?

　　【选项】

　　A.Find financial support.

　　B.Improve urban planning.

　　C.Involve local residents in the effort.

　　D.Raise public awareness of the issue.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】文章中最后一段讲的是我们需要资金来建立一个高质量的绿色社区。答案也可根据最后一句话推导得出”what we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money is going to come from to help support good quality local green spaces”。

　　【考点】

　　Passage Two

　　A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives(档案馆)by the FBI after being stolen twice.

　　“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,” says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Institution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern, from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,” and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”

　　Decades passed. Finally the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C.Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.

　　The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.

　　The letter is in fairly good condition, inspite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long. “It was luckily in good shape,” says Kapsalis, “and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online.”

　　It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,” says Kapsalis. “and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don’t even have access to.”

　　51.【题干】What happened to Darwin’s letter in the 1970s?

　　【选项】

　　A.It was recovered by the FBI.

　　B.It was stolen more than once.

　　C.It was put in the archives for research purposes.

　　D.It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　【考点】

　　52.【题干】What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?

　　【选项】

　　A.They proved its authenticity.

　　B.They kept it in a special safe.

　　C.They arrested the suspect immediately.

　　D.They pressed criminal charges in vain.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　【考点】

　　53.【题干】What is Darwin’s letter about?

　　【选项】

　　A.The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.

　　B.His cooperation with an American geologist.

　　C.Some geological evidence supporting his theory.

　　D.His acknowledgement of help from a professional.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　【考点】

　　54.【题干】What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?

　　【选项】

　　A.Reserve it for research purposes only.

　　B.Turn it into an object of high interest.

　　C.Keep it a permanent secret.

　　D.Make it available online.

　　【答案】

　　【解析】

　　【考点】D

　　55.【题干】What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?

　　【选项】

　　A.Growing interest in rare art objects.

　　B.Radical changes in archiving practices.

　　C.Recovery of various missing documents.

　　D.Increases in the value of museum exhibits.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　【考点】