2019上半年翻译资格考试初级英语笔译词汇：农业

　　三农问题issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers

　　打白条issue IOU(IOU:借款、债务、由I owe you 读音缩略转移而来)

　　立体农业three-dimensional agriculture

　　农业技术合作ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation

　　联产承包责任制system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; countract system with remuneration linked to output

　　老少边穷地区former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas

　　三下乡a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers

　　农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor (laborers)

　　生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture

　　温饱型农业subsistence agriculture

　　退耕还林还牧convert the land for forestry and pasture; grain for green

　　小农经济small-scale peasant economy; autarkical small-scale farming

　　效益农业profitable agriculture

　　鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey

　　草根工业grass root industry (village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wild grass)

　　多功能性(农业)multifuncitionality

　　农林间作agro-forestry

　　农业生态学agricultural ecology

　　农业增值税added value of agriculture

　　农产品的统购派购unified purchasing of farm produce by the state according to fixed quotes

　　农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor(laborers)

　　农垦agricultural reclamation

　　农转非rural residents become urban residents

　　土地酸化acidification

　　土地沙化desertification of land; desert encroachment

　　土地使用权land-use right

　　土地承包期land contract period

　　粮食收购部门 (government’s) grain procurement (purchasing)agencies

　　提高农产品收购价格the government’s increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)

　　按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices

　　粮食仓库grain depot

　　粮食收储企业grain collection and storage enterprise

　　粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds

　　粮食销售市场grain sales market

　　过度开垦excess reclamation

　　技术下乡spread technological knowledge to farmers

　　江南水乡the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River

　　禁渔期closed fishing seasons

　　经济林cash tree

　　庄家歉收crop failure

　　乡统筹，村提留fees paid by farmers for overall township planning and village reserve

　　种植业crop farming

　　白色农业white agriculture; white engineering agriculture; microbiological agriculture

　　有机农业organic agriculture

　　开拓农村消费市场develop consumer markets in rural areas

　　取消国家对农产品的统购统销cancel the state’s monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural/products

　　土壤land,soil

　　耕地arable land, tilled land

　　旱田dry soil

　　沃土，肥沃的土壤fertile soil

　　腐殖质humus

　　水浇地irrigable land

　　贫瘠土壤lean soil, poor soil

　　荒地wasteland, barren land

　　草grass

　　草地grassland

　　草甸meadow

　　大草原prairie

　　牧场pasture land

　　休闲to lie fallow

　　休闲地fallow

　　亩茬地stubble, stubble field

　　稿杆straw, hay

　　农村人口rural population

　　农村迁徙rural exodus

　　土地改革land reform, agrarian reform

　　农业机械化mechanization of farming

　　机械化耕作mechanized farming

　　农场farm

　　奶牛场cattle farm

　　大农场，牧场ranch

　　庄园hacienda

　　田产holding

　　地块plot, parcel, lot

　　合作农场cooperative farm

　　集体农场collective farm

　　农村country, countryside

　　农民，农夫countryman

　　农民，农妇countrywoman

　　农学家agronomist

　　大农场主latifundium, large landed estate

　　农户farmer

　　农业工人producer

　　佃户settle

　　地主，土地拥有者landowner

　　外居地主absentee landlord

　　小农smallholder, small farmer

　　牧场主rancher

　　土地租用人tenant farmer, leaseholder

　　佃农sharecropper

　　农夫，犁田者ploughman

　　农场工人，农业工人farm labourers (美作：farm laborers)

　　农场短工farm hand

　　牧场工人cattle farmer

　　牛仔cowherd, cowboy

　　牧人shepherd

　　果农fruit grower

　　葡萄栽植者vinegrower

　　采葡萄者vintager

　　农业farming, husbandry

　　畜牧业animal husbandry, animal breeding

　　乳品业，乳牛业dairy farming

　　园艺horticulture

　　商品蔬菜种植业market gardening

　　果树栽培fruit growing

　　葡萄栽培vinegrowing, viticulture

　　油橄榄栽培olive growing

　　树艺arboriculture

　　造林学silviculture

　　农产品agricultural products, farm products

　　食品foodstuffs

　　乳制品dairy produce, dairy products

　　乳品加工业dairy industry

　　农事年crop year, farming year

　　季节season

　　农业市场agricultural, commodities market

　　牲畜livestock