2019年6月英语六级语法巩固:时态、语态
英语六级语法精析:时态、语态
时态、语态需要掌握的要点:
1.表达将来时的形式:
(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中,一般现在时代替将来时,但要注意区别从句的类型,如:
I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。(宾语从句) 比较:I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。(状语从句)
(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时,如:
See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式)
2.完成时是时态测试的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语:
(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句,主句用过去完成时。如:
Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.
(表示1919年时已发生的情况)
(2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句,主句用将来完成时。如:
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.
(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months,主句用现在完成时, 但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中,主句更多的时候不用完成时。如:
It is four years since John left school.
(4)在It is the +序数词/形容词最高级+that的定语从句中,谓语动词常用现在完成时。如:
It isn’t the first time that I have found myself in an embarrassing situation.
(5)在no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…句型中,主句常用过去完成时。
3.完成进行时指动作在完成时的基础上还要继续下去。如:
The company has been promising a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened.
时态、语态答题思路:
(1)先根据选项的区别点确定考题要点为时态,然后回到题句中寻找给出的或暗示的时间状语,缩小选择范围,进而选出正确答案;
(2)根据谓语动词与句子主语或非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系,确定句子是主动语态还是被动语态。
编辑推荐:
下载Word文档
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