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2019年6月大学英语六级基础语法知识:情态动词

来源: 2019-06-03 13:58

  英语六级基础语法知识:情态动词

  1、情态动词的完成式
  1)must have done——表示对过去的事情较有把握
  的、肯定性的推测,常译为“一定,准是,肯定”,其否定形式是can’t/couldn’thave done,意为“决不可能,不太可能”。
  e.g. Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.
  2)should/ought to have done——表示过去应该做的
  却没有做,常含有后悔、责备、埋怨的口吻,意为“本应该”,“应该就好了”; e.g. With all the work finished, I should have gone to your birthday party last night.
  3)shouldn’t/ought not to have done——表示过去不该
  做的事却给做了,也常含有责备、不满之意,意为“本不该”。
  e.g. You shouldn’t have gone back to work yesterday without the doctor’s permission.
  4)may/might have done——表示对过去的事情的推
  测,但不十分有把握,意为“可能,或许已经”。 e.g. A traffic accident happened yesterday and a driver may have been hurt.
  5)could have done——表示过去有可能或有能力做某
  事,而实际未做、未能实现的事;有时也表示轻度批评,意为“本来可以,完全可以”。 e.g. The gas leakage could have been avoided if the
  gas company took immediate measures after the warning call.
  6)needn’t have done——表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要,意为“其实没有必要”。 e.g. I needn’t have bought all that wine——only three people came.
  2、可作情态动词用的短语
  would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, cannot but, may/might as well
  [例1]You all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.
  A. needn’t have done B. must not have done
  C. shouldn’t have done D. can’t have done
  [例2]I to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.
  A. ought to have written B. must have written
  C. couldn’t have written D. needn’t have written
  [例3]You those letters. Why didn’t you
  A. should post B. must have posted
  C. should have posted D. ought to post

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