2015年9月公共英语二级考试真题及答案

2015 年 9 月公共英语二级考试真题及答案 1-20 略 第一节短文理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A.、B.、C.、D.四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 Text l It' s a time when school, homework, active social lives and part-time jobs keep teenagers (少年 ) busy from early in the morning until late at night. They are likely to try to make up for a lack of sleep by "sleeping in" on the weekends. Unfortunately, this causes irregular sleep and actually makes the problem worse. Most teenagers are not able to fall asleep until late at night. Since many teens aren't sleepy until around 11 p.m., but need to be at school by 7: 30 or 8: 00 a. m., they cannot get enough sleep. During puberty(青春期), the biological clock in the brain naturally re-sets to a later time, and this causes teens to fall asleep later. Then, when it' s time to get up, a teen' s body clock is likely to still be producing the night-time hormones(荷尔蒙). This makes it hard for them to feel active and energetic in the morning. A growing body of research suggests that starting high school later improves attendance, achievements and grades. A few years ago in an important study, test scores on the SAT college entrance exams in Edina, Minnesota jumped more than 100 points on average, when the morning school bell rang an hour later. Unfortunately, most schools are not set up to start later and fail to satisfy teen's sleep needs. 21. What effect does "sleeping in" on the weekends have on teenagers? A. Improving their health. B. Weakening their energy. C. Disturbing their biological clock. D. Making up for their hormone loss. 22. The study in Minnesota shows that starting morning school one hour later helps to________. A. make teenagers grow faster B. change teenagers' sleep needs C. do more research on teenagers D. improve students' achievements 23. The text helps us to know more about teenagers' A. daytime activities B. sleeping habits C. mental problems D. studying methods 【参考答案】 21．C【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响?”由第一段末旬 “makes the problem worse”可知影响是负面的；由第二段第三句“the biological clock…re—sets…，causes teens to fall asleep later．”可知，这个负面影响主要是 生物钟被重置，即为遭到破坏或扰乱。A 选项完全有悖原文，B 选项“削弱精力”和睡懒觉无 关，D 选项“弥补荷尔蒙缺失”在原文中未曾提及。故 C 正确。 22．D【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题。题干意为“明尼苏达州的研究表明，早问上课时间推迟一个小 时有助于。”原文最后一段提到，该地区 SAT 大学入学考试平均成绩提高(jump)了 100 多 分，由此可见，D 选项“提高学生成绩”是正确答案。另外三个选项“促进青少年成长”、“改 变青少年睡眠需求”、“针对青少年做更多的研究”在原文中都未曾提及。故 D 正确二 23.B【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】主旨题。题于意为“本文有助于我们了解更多青少年的。”阅读原文可知， 本文在重点讲述青少年的睡眠问题，包括导致青少年睡眠晚的原因，睡眠推迟带来的负面 影响(如扰乱生物钟、导致睡眠不足、影响出勤率和学习效果等)，继而提出可以通过上课 时间推迟来满足睡眠需求。全文始终在围绕青少年的睡眠问题展开。故 B 正确。 Text 2 Chicago's Children's Hospital is the lucky receiver of a surprise $18 million gift from Gladys Holm. She once was a secretary who never earned more than $15,000 a year and never married. She lived alone in a small flat in Chicago, and was a volunteer at the Children's Hospital. She was called the "Teddy Bear Lady" because she brought toy animals to sick children on her regular visits. But Miss Holm, who died in 1996 at the age of 86, was also a long-time buyer of stocks ( 股票). Over the years, she saved money that rose up to $18 million, which she left to the Children's Hospital. It was the largest single donation in the hospital's ll5-year history. The hospital president, Jan Jennings, was shocked when she heard the news. "When Miss Holm's lawyer called to tell me how much that money was, I asked him to repeat it, since I was certain I had miss heard" Why did Gladys Holm feel so strongly about the Children's Hospital? Jennings said the hospital first touched Miss Holm's heart nearly 50 years ago, when doctors there saved the life of her friend's daughter. She never forgot' the happiness she felt all those years ago. Holm's gift will he devoted to heart disease research. People at the hospital said they regretted that-they couldn't thank Miss Holm for the surprising gift. 24. According to the text, Miss Holm built up her fortune by. A. playing Teddy Bear Lady B. working as a secretary C. helping in the hospital D. buying stocks 25.Why did Jan Jennings ask the lawyer to repeat what he said? A. She never expected Miss Holm would donate anything. B. She wanted to make sure who Gladys Holm was. C. She had seldom received donations before. D. She thought there was a mistake. 26. Miss Holm's love for the Children's Hospital grew from A. a happy life living with children B. a satisfying job given by the hospital C. an unforgettable experience many years ago D. a valuable gift she received from the hospital 27. How will the donated money be used? A. To build up a new children's hospital. B. To help sick children and their parents. C. To improve research on heart disease. D. To buy more toys for sick children. 【参考答案】 24．D【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题。题干意为“根据本文内容，Holm 女士通过——积累了她的资 产。”从第一段第二句话可知，她的职业是秘书，年收入不超过 1．5 万美元，故 B 选项靠 秘书工作积累是错误的。C 选项是她的善举，与资产的累积无关。文章第一段第四句话提 到“Teddy Bear Lady”是人们对她的昵称，不是表演，故 A 选项也错误。第一段第五句话 “a long．time buyer of stocks”以及第六句话“she saved money that lose up to…” 可知，她的这笔巨款是靠多年购买股票的增值，故 D 正确。 25．D【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题。题干意为“Jan Jennings 为何让律师重复一次他说的话?”从 第一段末句中的“since I Was certain I had misheard”可知，是因为数额巨大她不敢相 信，以为自己听错了，故 D 为正确答案、A 选项意为“她从未想到 Holm 女士会捐赠任何东 西”，文中未提及。B 选项意为“她想要确定 Holm 女士是谁”，院长对 Holm 女士很熟悉， 甚至知道 50 年前的渊源，无需确定：C 选项“她以前很少接受到捐赠”错误，只是很少接收 到单笔数额这么高的捐赠。故 D 正确。 26．C【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】归纳题。题干意为“Holm 女士对儿童医院的爱起源于”，从第二段第二 句话“…first touched…heart nearly 50years ago…saved the life of her friend’S daughter”可知．是源于 50 年前该医院挽救了 Holm 女士朋友的女儿，故 C 选项“很多年 前一次难忘的经历”符合题意。故 C 正确。 27．C【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题：题干意为“这笔捐赠款项将怎样使用?”。由末段首句“Holm’s gift will be donated to heart disease research．”可知，C 选项符合题意。故 c 正确。 Text 3 We feel it is important to start reading to your child right from the start-the younger the better! With little ones (children from birth to 4 ) it is very important to read and reread books. Starting early makes the job of the listener (for you will be teaching your child how to listen) easier, as it helps to develop an early love of the written and spoken word. We believe that you should read aloud to your child at least once every day. Set a special reading time during the day or evening when you can settle down and enjoy a book, without interruption. For most families, reading aloud at bedtime is a common practice. We understand that it can be quite discouraging to read to a child who takes no interest. Take heart! Learning to listen takes experience. The more you read, the more your child will learn to sit for a story. Children have a natural development of responses(反应) to your reading. By the time your child reaches 6-7 months, s/he is attracted by the book in your hand, and would like to test it out by using it as a chew(咀嚼) toy. This is natural! By one year, your child is learning to listen and talk about the pages, often shouting out things s/he recognizes. Encourage this! And at the onset(起始) of walking, you have your biggest challenge yet. Your child is always on the go. You need to set your reading time for a time in the day when your child is preparing to settle down. This means bedtime. Remember, it is your right and. duty to teach your child about the power of, books. Of course, it doesn't happen overnight, but the returns are great! 28. Who does "the listener" in the first paragraph refer to? A. The writer. B. The child. C. The parent. D. The teacher. 29. The best time of the day to read stories to a child is A. when the child is still active in the early evening B. when the parents finish the day's housework C. when the child has chew toy to play with D. when the child is quiet and peaceful 30. Parents may find it most difficult to read to their child when s/he A. is 6- 7 months old B. is one year old C. starts to walk D. starts to talk 【参考答案】 28．B【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题。题干意为“第一段中的‘the listener’指谁?”这篇文章主要在 讲给小孩读书的重要性以及方法。由第一段中“the listener”后面括号中的补充内容“因为 你在教给你的孩子怎样去听”可知，这里的 listener 是指你的孩子。故 B 正确。 29．D【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】推断题。题干意为“一天中最适合给孩子读故事的时间是。”第二段第 四句话和第三段倒数第四句话均提到阅读时间，并且都用“settle down”，该词组意为“安 定下来，平静下来”，对应 D 选项中的“quiet and peaceful”。故 D 正确。 30．C【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】细节题。题干意为“当孩子——时，父母可能会发现给他们读书最 难。”由第三段第十句话“you have your biggest challenge”可以确定答案在此处，由 该句的前半句“at the onset of walking”可知答案。故 C 正确. 第二节补全文章 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are few people who draw up life goals. Most people want to take one step at a time, and are frightened when they .have to set life goals. 31.They can't be more wrong. Life goals are only a road map. They record what you want to be at the end of your life. 32 Others may want to be known as great builders or great sportspeople. In fact, there is no end to what you may want to be. However, the only way you can achieve your dream is by writing down your goal. Once you have done that, you need to break this goal into several small goals. While writing the small goals, you must provide for change. 33 If you want to achieve your goals, you should be prepared to change them from time to time. This makes your goals really up-to-date. Also, there cannot be just one life goal. There are at least five subjects that you need to address. These are: education, career(职业), family, health and money.34 For example, there can .be no career goals unless they are backed by education goals. Similarly, there can be no family goals unless they are based on practical financial(金融的) goals. None of these goals is taught in college. Yes, there are some families that try to train their kids to think wisely, and plan for their life. 35 They know what they want to get in life, They are also mentally prepared for most of the difficulties they expect to meet on the way. A. These are happy families. B. Good health helps you to realize your goals, C. Nothing remains unchanged in this world. D. Many people do not know how to set life goals. E. to them, life is too big to be reduced to a few goals. F. You will find that all these goals are related. G. Some may want to be known as great scientists. 【参考答案】 31．E【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】从第二段第一句“They Call’t be more wrong．”可推断出，本题所 对应的句子应该是接着前一句“他们面临设置人生目标时会感到恐慌”继续讲，而且这种观 点会错得很离谱。E 选项“对于他们，人生范围太大了，不能缩减成几个小小的目标”符合上 下文。故 E 正确。 32．G【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】空格前在讲生活目标的作用，空格之后却忽然提到另外一些人，显得 很突兀，可见此空格处必然应该先讲“一些人”，才能有后面的“另外一些人”。G 选项“一些 人想要成为伟大的科学家被大家熟知”符合文意。故 G 正确。 33．C【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】空格前面讲到“你必须做好改变的准备”，空格后讲“若想实现目标，你 应该准备好不停地改变”，由此可知，此空格对应的句子应该和“改变”有关。C 选项“这个世 界上没有什么是保持不变的”符合文意。故 C 正确。 34．F【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】空格前提到五个方面的目标，空格后即开始举例说教育目标和职业目 标，家庭目标和金钱目标的联系，可见空格处应该．是在概括地讲五个方面目标的联系。 F 选项“你会发现所有这些目标都是相互联系的”符合文意。故 F 正确。 35．A【精析】细节题。题干意为“周末‘睡懒觉’对青少年有何影响】空格前讲一些家庭开始培养孩子的能力，空格后讲这些孩子目标明确， 做好了迎接挑战的心理准备。A 选项“这些家庭是幸福的”符合文章。故 A 正确。 第一节完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I became interested in writing at an early age. So when my fourth-grade teacher told me about a 36 writer's conference where students my age could 37 published writers, I decided to go. I began thinking about the writers whose stories I 38 --Judy Blume, Beverly Cleary, Shell Silverstein and 39 if they would be at this conference. Well, I went to the conference, but I was a little 40. None of them were there. But the conference was well 41, and every half hour we would move on to hear a new writer speak. Soon the42period of the day came. A man introduced himself and gave the same little speech we had heard since that