2020暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结Unit1-2

2020 暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结 Unit1-2 高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析 Unit1-2 ☆重点句型☆ 1. What should a friend be like? 询问对方的看法 2. I think he / she should be…表示个人观点的词语 3. I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer games. 等表示喜好 的词语 4. Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes. “when"作并列连词的用法 5. What / Who / When / Where is it that...? 强调句的 特殊疑问句结构 6. With so many people communicating in English everyday, ... “with+宾语+宾补”的结构做状语”的结构做状语的结构做状语 7. Can you tell me how to pronounce...? 带连接副词 (或代词)的不定式做宾补”的结构做状语的用法 ☆重点词汇☆ 1. especially v. 特别地 2. imagine v. 想像 3. alone adv. / adj. 单独，孤独的 4. interest n. 兴趣 5. everyday adj. 每天的，日常的 6. deserted adj. 抛弃的 7. hunt v. 搜寻 8. share v. 分享 9. care v. 在乎，关心 10. total n. 总数 11. majority n. 大多数 12. survive v. 生存，活下来 13. adventure n. 冒险 14. scared adj. 吓坏的 15. admit v. 承认 16. while conj. 但是，而 17. boring adj. 令人厌烦的 18. except prep. 除……之外 19. quality n. 质量 20. favourite adj. 最喜爱的 ☆重点短语☆ 1. be fond of 爱好 2. treat…as…把……看作为…… 3. make friends with 与……交朋友 4. argue with sb. about / over sth. 与某人争论某事 5. hunt for 寻找 6. in order to 为了 7. share…with 与……分享 8. bring in 引进；赚钱 9. a great / good many 许多… 10. have difficulty (in) doing 做……有困难 11. end up with 以……结束 12. except for 除……之外 13. come about 发生 14. make(a)fire 生火 15. make yourself at home 别拘束 16. the majority of 大多数 17. drop sb. a line 给某人写短信 18. for the first time 第一次 19. at all 根本；竟然 20. have a (good) knowledge of…精通…… ☆短语闯关☆ 下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词， 每个词 4 分，80 分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧? l. be fond ____ 喜欢，爱好 of 2. hunt ____ 搜索。追寻，寻找 for 3. in to ____ 为了 order 4. care ____ 担心，关心 about 5. such ____ 例如，诸如 as 6. drop sb a ____ 给某人写信(通常指写短信) line 7. make oneself at ____ 别客气 home 8. ____ total 总共 in 9. except ____ 除了……之外 for 10. stay ____ 不睡，熬夜 up 11. ____ about 发生 come 12. end ____ with 以……告终 up 13. bring ____ 引进，引来 in 14. a great ____ 许许多多，极多 many 15. be ____ 对……深感兴趣，深深迷上…… into 16. ____ the Internet 上网 surf 17. ____ classes 逃学，逃课 skip 18. get ____ 聚会，相聚，聚集 together 19. be proud ____ 为……感到骄傲 of 20. keep an ____ on 照看，注意 eye 21. be curious ____ 对……感到好奇 about 22. shut ____ (使)住口 up 23. joke ____ 开玩笑 about 24. ____ the name of 以……名义 in 25. ____ the time 总是，一直 all ☆交际用语☆ 1. I think… I like / love / hate... I enjoy... My interests are... 2. Did you have a good flight? You must be very tired. Just make yourself at home. I beg your pardon? Can you tell me how to pronounce...? Get it. ☆单词聚焦☆ 1. argue v. 的用法 ▲构词：argument n. 1. [C]争论 2. [U]讨论．辩论 3. [C]论据 ▲ 搭配： ① argue with / against sb. over / on / about sth. 与某人 争论某事 ② argue for / against sth. 辩论赞成／反对某事 ③ argue that... 主张，认为，争辩说 ④ argue sb into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做／不做某事 ▲友情提示：“说服某人做／不做某事”的结构做状语还可表达为：talk / persuade / reason sb. into / out of doing sth. ⑤ settle the argument 解决争端 ▲友情提示：an argument with sb about / over sth. 为某事和某人而发生的争执 【考例】What laughing ____ we had about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti (意大利式细面条) from plate to mouth. (2004 全国卷 I) A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments [考查目标] argue 名词形式的词义。 [答案与解析] D argument 的词义是“争辩，辩论”的结构做状语。 2. compare v. 的用法 ▲构词：comparison n. 比较 ▲搭配：① compare...to... 比拟；比作 ② compare... with / to... 将……和……相比较 ③ compare notes 对笔记；交换意见 【考例】 ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004 湖北) A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared [考查目标] compare 的用法。 [答案与解析] D 本句 compare 用在句首作状语，并有“被比较”的结构做状语的意思。 3. consider v. 的用法 ▲构词：consideration n. 考虑，思考；体谅，顾及 ▲搭配：① consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 ② consider sb (to be / as)... 认为／觉得 某人……③ consider that- clause 认为…… ④ take sth into consideration 考虑 ⑤ under consideration 在考虑中 【考例】Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer. (NMET 1993) A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented [考查目标] consider 的几种常见用法。 [答案与解析] C consider 本身是被动语态时，后接不定式的各种结构。如果表示已经 发生的事情．用不定式的完成形式。 4. deserted adj. 空无一人的；被遗弃的；被抛弃的 (1) 空无一人的 a deserted street / area 空无一人的街道，地区；The office was quite deserted.办公室里空无一人。 (2) 被遗弃的 a deserted child 被遗弃的孩子 (3) desert ['dezot] n. 沙漠 desert [dI'zo:t] vt. 丢弃；遗弃 He deserted his wife and children after becoming rich. 5. difficulty n. (1) difficulty (通常作复数) 难事，难点，难题 She met with many difficulties when travelling. (2) 在以下句型中，difficulty 是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。 have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难 there is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth. have (some) difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困难 there is (some) difficulty with sth. do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 困难地／轻而易举地做某事 We had a lot of difficulty in finding your house. Do you have any difficulty with your English? 【注意】 (1) 以上句型中，difficulty 前可加 some, little, much, a lot of, no, any 修饰 (2) 以上句型中，亦可用 trouble 来代替 difficulty。 6. favourite = favorite (A. E) 最喜爱的；最喜爱的人或事物 (1) adj. 最喜爱的 My favorite sport is playing football. (2) n. [C] 最喜爱的人或事物 He is a favorite with his uncle. 7. fun 的用法 ▲构词：funny adj. 有趣的．滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古怪的 ▲搭配： ① make fun of 取笑；嘲弄；开某人的玩笑 ② (just)for / in fun = (just) for the fun of it 取乐，非认真地，说／做着玩的 ③ be full of fun…… 很好玩 ④ have fun with sb. 和某人开一个玩笑 ⑤ have (some) fun 玩得(很)高兴，玩得(很)开心 ⑥ It's (great) fun to do sth 干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真开心 ⑦ What fun (it is) to do sth! 干某事多么有趣呀! ⑧ have a lot of fun doing sth 干某事玩得很开心 【考例】 (200 上海春招) This is not a match. We're play- ing chess just for ____. A. habit B. hobby C. fun D. game [考查目标] fun 构成的短语 for fun 的意思。 [答案与解析]C，for fun 常在句中用作状语，意思是“说／做着玩的”的结构做状语。 8. imagine 的用法 ▲构词：① imagination n. [C / U] 想像，想像力，想像的事物 ② imaginative adj. 富 有想像力的 ▲搭配：① imagine sth / doing sth ② beyond (all) imagination (完全)出乎意料地 【考例】 I can hardly imagine Peter ___across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (MET 1991) A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed [考查目标] imagine 的基本用法。 [答案与解析] C imagine 后接动词的-ing 形式，本句的 Peter 是这个动名词的逻辑主语。 9. interest 的用法 interest vt. 使……感兴趣 n. 兴趣，爱好 [U] 利息；利润 He has a great interest in politics. 他对政治极感兴趣。/ a broad interest 广泛的利益 / a common interest 共同的利 益 / a strong interest 极强的兴趣 ▲构词：① interesting 令人感兴趣的(事物) ② interested (某人对某事)有兴趣的 ▲搭配：① interest sb in sth 使某人注意，关心或参入某事；使某人对某事感兴趣 ② be interested in 对……感兴趣(关心) ③have an interest in sth. / in doing sth. have an interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面有 兴趣 (关心)；在……中有股份、权益等 ④ hold one's interest 吸引住某人的兴趣 ⑤ in the interest(s) of 为……利益；为……起见；对……有利 ⑥ lose interest in 对……不再感兴趣 ⑦ show / take (an) interest in / in doing sth. 对……表示关心(有兴趣) ⑧ have / take / feel no interest in 对……不 (不太) 感兴趣 ⑨ with interest 有兴趣地，津津有味地 ⑩ develop / find / feel interest in sth. / in doing sth. 在某方面培养／有兴趣 ? lose interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面失去兴趣 有时 interest 可与不定冠词连用。He developed an interest in science. 另外：interest 作“爱好”的结构做状语解时，是可数名词。 His interests include reading and tennis. 【考例】____, they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single one long story and paid Tracy a $50,000 advance. (2004 全国卷 II) A. Interested B. Anxiously C. Seriously D. Encouraged [考查目标] interest 派生词的词义和用法。 [答案与解析] A interested 指(出版商)对这件事有兴趣。 10. prove 的用法 ▲构词：① proof n. 证据。试验，考验，(印刷)校样 ▲搭配：① prove sth to sb 向某人证实…… ② prove to sb that 从句向某人证实…… ③ prove (oneself) to be 证明(自己)是，表现出 【考例】It was in the neighboring country — United States that such resistance to spray was first ____. (05 长春模拟) A. proved B. killed C. thought D. discussed [考查目标] 考查 prove 的意思。 [答案与解析] A 本题 was proved 的意思是“得到证实”的结构做状语，有被动意味。 11. provide 的用法 ▲构词：① provider n. 供给者，供应者，养家者 ② provided / providing conj. 倘若