2018成人高考专升本《英语》考前提分试题及答案（13）

 　　I . Phonetics (5 points)

　　Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　1. A. decade

　　B. aggressive

　　C. ancestor

　　D. bacteria

　　2. A. architect

　　B. biochemistry

　　C. butcher

　　D. ache

　　3. A. client

　　B. convenient

　　C. society

　　D. anxiety

　　4. A. rough

　　B. daughter

　　C. delight

　　D. through

　　5. A. avenue

　　B. argue

　　C. barbecue

　　D. clue

　　II. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)

　　Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　6. The New York police were very anxious__________about the crime.

　　A. learn more

　　B. learning more

　　C. to learn more

　　D. more to learn

　　7. Out__________after the class was over.

　　A. did children rush

　　B. rushed children

　　C. children rush

　　D. do children rush

　　8. This is one of the most beautiful pictures of scenery that__________displayed here.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. has been

　　D. have been

　　9. When you're ready, I'll take you to __________ airport.

　　A. /

　　B. the

　　C. a

　　D. an

　　10. For a late drink, come to our nightclub,__________stays open until 4 : 00 a. m.

　　A. where

　　B. that

　　C. which

　　D. what

　　11. -- It is not very cold. I don't think we need these big jackets.

　　-- I don't think so,__________.

　　A. anyway

　　B. neither

　　C. either

　　D. too

　　12. The tenants were asked to throw all recyclable trash into__________.

　　A. the big green plastic bag

　　B. the green big plastic bag

　　C. the big plastic green bag

　　D. the green plastic big bag

　　13.__________getting the highest result in the class, John still had problems with classmates.

　　A. Despite of

　　B. In spite of

　　C. Even though

　　D. Nonetheless

　　14. Our kitchen is a mess. We__________any cleaning for weeks.

　　A. didn't do

　　B. haven't been doing

　　C. don't do

　　D. haven't done

　　15. Open the window, __________?

　　A. do you

　　B. don't you

　　C. will you

　　D. won't you

　　16. Joseph, the politician who __________ last week, has been released unharmed.

　　A. is kidnapped

　　B. was kidnapped

　　C. has been kidnapped

　　D. had been kidnapped

　　17. A number is an abstraction__________no physical existence.

　　A. has

　　B. to have

　　C. that has

　　D. who has

　　18. You cannot ignore the situation forever, one day you will have to __________ the consequences of your act.

　　A. look up to

　　B. wake up to

　　C. stand up to

　　D. face up to

　　19. They had all stayed on the ninth floor of the Metropole Hotel in Hong Kong in __________ half of February.

　　A. the second

　　B. second

　　C. the two

　　D. two

　　20. Women who apply for jobs in middle or senior management have__________success than men, according to an employment survey.

　　A. much higher

　　B. a very higher

　　C. a much higher

　　D. far higher

　　Ⅲ. Cloze (30 points)

　　Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　On the anniversary of the artist's birth, Van Gogh's Sunflowers was 21for just under ￡25 million at the fine art auctioneers (怕迈商), Christie's, in London. The 22 was triple the previous record of￡ 8 million paid in 1985 for Mantegna's Adoration of the Magi. At least ten bidders23 for the painting, half 24 telephone, anonymously battling it out in leaps of ~500,000.

　　Van Gogh wrote in a letter of 1889 that one of these Scots or Americans 25to pay 500 francs--about ￡ 25 at that time -- for 26 a painting.

　　Christie's chairman 27reporters after the sale, "it's a rare picture. " A spokesman for the firm added, "It's fantastic. " Not 28who was at the auction agreed.One commented, " More money29sense. "

　　Many people do 30 uneasy that a picture could be auctioned for such an unbelievable sum.

　　They find distasteful the contrast 31this sort of money and the impoverished life of the painter 32Van Gogh, once a lay preacher among the miners of Belgium, was more 33 in producing work that dignified labor than he was in selling for a profit.Depressive, poor, unrecognized and 34 suicidal, he remains a romantic figure in the public 35.

　　21. A. bought

　　B. sold

　　C. displayed

　　D. shown

　　22. A. price

　　B. money

　　C. sum

　　D. collection

　　23. A. competed

　　B. shouted

　　C. fought

　　D. argued

　　24. A. on

　　B. under

　　C. off

　　D. by

　　25. A. must

　　B. might

　　C. ought

　　D. could

　　26. A. so

　　B. this

　　C. very

　　D. such

　　27. A. said

　　B. spoke

　　C. told

　　D. agreed

　　28. A. all

　　B. everyone

　　C. none

　　D. anyone

　　29. A. to

　　B. than

　　C. better

　　D. over

　　30. A. felt

　　B. think

　　C. feel

　　D. thought

　　31. A. between

　　B. among

　　C. of

　　D. like

　　32. A. his own

　　B. him

　　C. Own

　　D. himself

　　33. A. upset

　　B. interested

　　C. happy

　　D. gloomy

　　34. A. eventually

　　B. finally

　　C. last

　　D. at end

　　35. A. mind

　　B. brain

　　C. thought

　　D. imagination

　　IV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)

　　Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　Passage One

　　Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools.Like you, they studied arithmetic, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek and Latin. In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin.

　　The same was true for most students in Europe. Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin.It did not matter if they lived in England or Italy or France or Spain.If they were educated, they knew Latin.

　　During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin. Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of the ancient Greeks and Romans. All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages.

　　To educated Europeans, the languages ofthe Greeks and the Romans were important. The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important. People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin.

　　They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical world.

　　Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin. Few of you will study either language in school. Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today. To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world.

　　36. A good synonym for "origin" is__________.

　　A. people

　　B. future

　　C. beginning

　　D. culture

　　37. According to this passage, all educated Europeans of the seventh century were expected to study__________.

　　A. physical science and chemistry

　　B. Greek and Latin

　　C. democracy and communism

　　D. French and Spanish

　　35. Today, most of people won't study either Greek or Latin because__________.

　　A. they are no longer important

　　B. people do not have enough time

　　C. they are no longer existed

　　D. people can not learn them well

　　39. What can we conclude from this passage?

　　A. Greeks and Romans significantly influenced European culture.

　　B. The Greeks were the founders of democracy.

　　C. The Greeks and Romans were bitter enemies.

　　D. People of the classical world were barbaric and uneducated.

　　Passage Two

　　Would you eat a bacon, lettuce and love apple sandwich? You probably have eaten many of them.

　　Love apple was the name used many years ago for the tomato.

　　The tomato is originally an American plant.It was found in South America by early Spanish explorers. The word tomato comes from the native Nahuatl word tomatl. But when it moved north, the plant earned a different name. Remarkably, the settlers in North America thought it was poisonous.

　　They believed that to eat it was surely to die. It was said that deserted suitors would threaten to eat a tomato to cause their coldhearted lovers regret. Because of this legend, the settlers called the tomato a"love apple. " While people enjoyed other native plants such as corn and sweet potatoes, everyone avoided the tomato.

　　No one knows who first dared to eat a tomato. Perhaps someone was brave enough, or lovesick enough, to try out the truth of the rumors. Of course, whoever ate this fruit was perfectly safe. No one died from eating a love apple. Still, it was many years before the people fully believed that the tomato was a safe, and even good food. But its use did become common, and the plant was sent across the ocean to become part of many traditional European dishes.

　　40. The language from which we derived the word tomato is

　　A. Portuguese

　　B. Spanish

　　C. Nahuatl

　　D. European

　　41. North American people didn't eat tomatoes at first because__________.

　　A. they had too much other food

　　B. they mistakenly thought they were poisonous

　　C. settlers ate only traditional European foods

　　D. no one liked the taste

　　42. The underlined word "suitor" in the second paragraph means__________.

　　A. boyfriend

　　B. launderer

　　C. tailor

　　D. explorer

　　43. A good title for this passage would be__________.

　　A. Life in Early America

　　B. What Happens to the Brokenhearted

　　C. The History of the Tomato

　　D. Vegetables in Our Diet

　　Passage Three

　　Nature has devised many ways to protect creatures' eyes.The most common protection is the eyelid--a fold of skin that closes over the eye, protecting it from damage. Eyelashes are useful for keeping out dust and other irritants, and tears wash away any particles that get through the other defenses.

　　Some creatures, including most birds, have three eyelids.The upper and lower lids act like human lids and keep out twigs, dirt and sand. The third eyelid, however, is a semitransparent tissue that crosses over the eye from the inside corner to the outside corner.Because of this protective membrane, birds seldom have to blink. They close their eyes only when they go to sleep. In ducks,this third eyelid self as an underwater diving mask that helps the ducks find food.

　　Most fish and snakes have no eyelids at all. Instead, a hard glassy covering protects their eyes. In fish, water constantly sweeps away dirt from the covering. And a snake's eyesight is usually so bad that a little dirt obscuring its vision does not disturb it greatly.

　　Eyelashes defend the eye by shading it from glare. They also act like miniature brushes to remove dust. Camels have lashes that are four inches long to protect their eyes from windblown sand in the desert.

　　44. A camel has long eyelashes__________.

　　A. to keep windblown sand out of its eyes

　　B. that get in the way of its sight

　　C. to help it see better

　　D. to attract other camels

　　45. The writer implies that eyelids are__________.

　　A. not found on lizards

　　B. nice to look at

　　C. always covered with eyelashes

　　D. the most effective eye protection

　　46. The author compares the duck's third eyelid to a__________.

　　A. tissue

　　B. glassy covering

　　C. tiny brush

　　D. diving mask

　　47. A good title for this passage would be__________.

　　A. Look Out

　　B. Birds' Eyes

　　C. Eyes in the Night

　　D. Protecting the Eye

　　Passage Four

　　As part of an ongoing campaign against polyvinyl chloride (聚氯乙烯), a Virginia-based environmental advocacy group today called on manufacturers and retailers to phase out its use in shower curtains. The Center for Health, Environment and Justice ( CHEJ), released the results of a small study indicating that PVC (聚氯乙烯)-containing shower curtains are capable of emitting scores of potentially harmful materials, into people's bathrooms. A previous study, conducted by Environmental Protection Agency researchers, also found that plastic shower curtains can emit toxic compounds into the air.

　　There's still debate among scientists about just how serious the health effects are especially at low doses. However, CHEJ urges consumers to avoid using PVC shower curtains, as well as many otherPVC products.

　　For people who are concerned about their shower curtains, there are alternatives. IKEA phased out PVC shower curtains 11 years ago, switching to ethylene vinyl acetate(乙烯醋酸共聚物). The company has said that 88 percent of its shower curtains would be PVC free by spring of 2008.

　　Manufacturers are not required to label shower curtains, but some do list" PVC" or" vinyl"on the packaging. Numerous online retailers, sell shower curtains--primarily cotton or hemp--that are free of PVC. However, mildew(发霉) can be a problem with cotton and hemp products.

　　48. What did the study released by the Center for Health, Environment and Justice show?

　　A. That PVC stands for polyvinyl chloride.

　　B. Manufacturers are not required to label shower curtains.

　　C. That most shower curtains sold at IKEA are made from PVC.

　　D. That PVC shower curtains may release potentially harmful materials.

　　49. What material are the shower curtains sold at IKEA made from?

　　A. Ethylene vinyl acetate.

　　B. Polyvinyl chloride.

　　C. Cotton.

　　D. PVC and EVA.

　　50. What's the biggest problem with hemp and cotton shower curtains?

　　A. They are see-through.

　　B. They are too expensive.

　　C. They may cause mildew.

　　D. They emit harmful materials.

　　51. Is it easy for consumers to tell that a shower curtain is made from PVC?

　　A. Yes, that information is always on the shower curtain label.

　　B. Not always, because shower curtains don't have to be labeled.

　　C. Yes, but only if they're made by IKEA after 2008.

　　D. No, because they only contain low doses of PVC.

　　Passage Five

　　Companies that employ illegal immigrants are to be named and shamed in a further attempt to crack down on people smuggling.The move by the Home Office comes four months after officials launched a concerted effort to identify and prosecute companies breaking the law.More than 200 companies have already been fined for hiring illegal labor. The Home Office says names of companies and directors are to be published on the UK Border Agency website. The agency will publish how many illegal immigrants the company was employing and how much it was fined.

　　By May this year there had been 137 prosecutions under the new rules leading to fines totaling500,000--almost 3,000 per firm.The total number of prosecutions was 10 times more than were carried out in 2007, and double the total for the previous decade.

　　Immigration chiefs are also switching their focus from small-time illegal employers,such as takeaway restaurants, in an effort to major organized criminal enterprises supplying illegal labor, often relying on international networks to smuggle people into the UK.

　　Some 7,500 immigration officers will be re-organized into more localized teams with police and customs officials in an effort to better target what the Home Office says are illegal working hotspots.

　　These could include areas of the economy where there is a high demand for labor including agriculture,construction and hospitality.Nobody knows how many people are working without permission in theUK--although estimates put the number of illegal residents at more than 500,000.

　　Trade Union leaders have also raised concerns about the government's strategy, arguing that it could drive the worst employers further underground, penalizing exceptionally poor workers unable to break out of a situation they did not necessarily choose.

　　52. What has happened in the first four months of the campaign to crack down on companies hiring illegal workers?

　　A. Nothing. The campaign is still in its beginning stage.

　　B.7,500 immigration officers will be re-organized into more localized teams.

　　C.200 companies have been fined.

　　D.3,000 small-time illegal employers have been cracked down.

　　53. What steps will officials take to "shame" these companies?

　　A. They will publish their names as well as the details of the offence online.

　　B. They will shut down their business.

　　C. They will inform the police about the illegal hiring.

　　D. They will give poor workers working permission.

　　54. Immigration officials are now focusing on__________.

　　A. small-time illegal employers B. fining individual workers

　　C. large-scale organized criminal operationsD. the government's strategy

　　55. Trade Union officials fear that this new campaign (战役) might end up unjustly penalizing __________, by driving the employers further underground.

　　A. employers

　　B. workers

　　C. illegal residents

　　D. companies

　　V. Daily Conversation (15 points)

　　Directions: Pick out five appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　A. Hold the line

　　B. flight number

　　C. ask a question

　　D. To New York

　　E. May I have your name

　　F. reconfirm my seat

　　G. please check in

　　H. On May 11

　　Reservations clerk: Northwind Airlines. Can I help you?

　　Daniel Adams: Hello. I'd like to 56, please.

　　Reservations clerk: May I have your name and 57, please?

　　Daniel Adams: My name is Daniel Adams and my flight number is 374.

　　Reservations clerk: When are you leaving?

　　Daniel Adams : 58.

　　Reservations clerk: And your destination?

　　Daniel Adams: Buenos Aires.

　　Reservations clerk: 59, please. (...) All right. Your seat is confirmed, Mr. Adams. You'll be arriving in Buenos Aires at 4 o' clock p.m. local time.

　　Daniel Adams: Thank you. Can I pick up my ticket when I check in?

　　Reservations clerk: Yes, but 60 at least one hour before departure time.

　　VI. Writing (25 points)

　　Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a letter in English in 100-120 words based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.

　　61.你(Li Yuan)刚买了一块表，但你不满意，因为它总有毛病。写一封投诉信，其内容如下：

　　(1)买表的时间、地点;

　　(2)出现的问题;

　　(3)要求退货

　　参考答案及解析：

　　11·Vocabulary and Structure

　　【答案】

　　6.C 7.A 8.D 9.Bl0.Cll.Cl2.Al3.Bl4.Dl5.Cl6.Bl7.C

　　18.Dl9.A20.C

　　【解析】

　　6.Be anxious to do sth渴望做某事。选项C是正确的。【句子大意】纽约警察急切地想知道更多的有关这一罪行的信息。

　　7.副词前置到句首表示强调，此时，该句的主谓应倒装。主谓倒装时助动词移至主语前，排除选项B。原句的时态为过去时，应选过去式的助动词。选项A是正确的。这种句型与Herecomes the bus是不同的。前者是强调行为，后者说明时间：车来了。表示车刚刚到。【句子大意】

　　一下课孩子们就冲了出去。

　　8.定语从句的先行词(pictures)是名词复数时，从句中的谓语动词用复数形式(that代表pictures)。这里时间是从过去到现在，所以应用现在完成时。选项D是正确的。【句子大意】这是这里展出的最漂亮的风景照之一。

　　9.To the airport是比较固定的用法，airport前加定冠词。选项B是正确的。【句子大意】你准备好了我就送你去机场。

　　10.非限制性定语从句应用which连接，因此选项C是正确的。【句子大意】晚上想喝点儿什么，请到我们夜总会来。我们一直营业到凌晨4点。

　　11.T00用于肯定句，表示也。Either用于否定句，表示也。Neither用于肯定句，表示否定的意思。选项C是正确的。【句子大意】天气并不冷，我觉得我们不需要这些外套。我也觉得不需要。

　　12.形容词的排列顺序一般为表示特征的形容词在前，表示性质的形容词在后。选项A是正确的。【句子大意】要求房客将可回收的垃圾扔人大的绿色塑料袋子中。

　　13.Despite=in spite of尽管，even though即便，nonetheless然而。注意，despite后没有of。

　　选项B是正确的。【句子大意】尽管约翰在班上的学习成绩最好，但他跟同学的关系不是很好。

　　14.从过去到现在一直发生的动作并且强调的是结果，采用现在完成时。选项D是正确的。【句子大意】我们的厨房简直是一团糟，我们已经好几个星期没有打扫了。

　　15.祈使句的反问疑问句，疑问部分用will you。选项C是正确的。【句子大意】打开窗户，好吗?

　　16.上个星期发生的事情应用一般过去时。选项B是正确的。【句子大意】上个星期被绑架的政治家Joseph已经被释放了，未受伤害。

　　17.这句话要求补全定语从句，排除选项A和B。修饰语是物时应用that引导，选项C是正确的。【句子大意】数字是没有物理存在的抽象概念。

　　18.Look up to仰望、尊敬，wake up to认识到，stand up to忍耐、经受，face up to勇敢地面对。

　　选项D是正确的。【句子大意】你不可能永远地忽视这个情形，总有一天你不得不面对你自己造成的后果。

　　19.表示前一半或后一半要用序数词，序数词前加定冠词。选项A是正确的。【句子大意】二月份的后半个月他们全都住在香港的Metropole大酒店的第九层。

　　20.比较级应用much修饰，表示……得多。Success在这里是可数名词，应用不定冠词a。选项C是正确的。【句子大意】根据职业调查，女性在申请中高级别的管理职位时，其成功率比男性高得多。

　　Ⅲ.Cloze

　　【答案】

　　21.B 22.A 23.A 24.D25.C26.D27.C28.B29.B30.C31.B

　　32.D33.B34.A35.D

　　【解析】

　　21.根据单词auctioneers拍卖商给出的具体的钱数，可以知道这句话的大概意思：一幅梵·高的作品《向日葵》拍卖到多少钱。这里应是售出。选项B是正确的。

　　22.这个空的后面提到以前付过的价钱，这里应指这个价格是以前的多少倍。选项A是正确的。

　　23.前面已经说了是拍卖，bidder可估计是投标者，为了这幅画竞争。这种竞争不是肢体上的争斗fight，也不是口头上的争论argue，当然也不是喊叫shout了。选项A是正确的。

　　24.通过电话竞买这幅画。By经、由，如果用on，名词前应有定冠词。选项D是正确的。

　　25.这里实际指价值多少，应付多少。Must表示一定、必须，语气很强;might表示可能，could表示能够，均与上下文语气不符。选项C是正确的。

　　26.so，very，such都表示强调，但so 后应跟形容词，this和very后应跟名词，但其与名词间不能有冠词。选项D是正确的。

　　27.当用于对某人说某事或争论时，say和speak后不能直接跟某人。选项C是正确的。

　　28.Who was表明所修饰的人是单数。选项B是正确的。

　　29.前面有more，表明是比较级：more…than。再根据上下文：花那么多钱买一幅画并不是所有的人都赞同。选项B是正确的。

　　30.Do表示强调，修饰动词，被修饰的动词应用原型。根据后面所说，画家的实际生活和他的画的价值具有相当大的反差。所以人们觉得不舒服，但不能说认为不舒服。选项C是正确的。

　　31.表示二者之间用between。三者及以上用amon9。选项B是正确的。

　　32.这里应指画家自己个人的生活。选项D是正确的。

　　33.More…than的句型说明画家倾向于前者而不是后者，空后有介词in，可以断定选项B是正确的。

　　34.前面列举了几个形容画家悲惨生活的词，最后的词是自杀，这里应是“最终”。Finally终于，last最后，at end结尾。选项A是正确的。

　　35.全篇讲了画家的画在今天的价值，又说了画家生前的生活，由此，画家的画和画家的生活是人们不可思议的，所以说是给人们留下了无穷的想象。选项D是正确的。

　　【原文大意】

　　在艺术家梵·高诞辰纪念日时，他的作品《向日葵》在伦敦Christie’s(专门从事美术作品买卖的公司)拍卖出了近2500万英镑的价格。这个价格是l985年卖出的Mantegna的作品《敬意》的三倍，它的价格是800万英镑。至少有十个投标者竞争这幅画，其中一半的人是通过电话匿名竞买的，每次的叫价涨幅是50万英镑。梵·高在1889年的一封信中写道：苏格兰人或美国人对这样的画应付500法郎——相当于当时的25英镑。

　　Christie’s的主席在售后对记者说：“这是难得的一幅画。”该公司的发言人补充说：“这幅画太不可思议了。”但并不是在拍卖场上的所有人都同意这种说法。有人就说：“是钱而不是理性。”

　　许多人都感觉不舒服，一幅画竟能拍出如此价格。他们的不愉快在于这种钱和画家生前的贫穷生活所形成的反差。曾做过比利时地区矿工的非专业牧师的梵·高感兴趣的是尊重劳动的工作，而不是卖东西盈利。压抑、贫穷、不被认可，导致最终自杀，他在人们的想象中是充满幻想的人。

　　IV.Reading Comprehension

　　第一篇

　　【答案】

　　36.C37.B38.B39.A

　　【解析】

　　36.第四段。这个单词的后面一句提到beginnings，这是对origin的解释：最初的、最开始的。

　　要想了解他们自己的文化，就必须知道它的起源。选项C是正确的。

　　37.第三段。7世纪的时候，受过教育的欧洲人都既学希腊语又学拉丁语。选项B是正确的。

　　38.最后一段。如今，我们有很多事情要学以至于几乎没有人有时间学希腊语和拉丁语了。选项B是正确的。

　　39.这篇文章的主要观点是说无论过去大家都学希腊语和拉丁语，还是现在几乎无人学希腊语和拉丁语，罗马和希腊对欧洲文化仍然起着很重要的作用。选项A是正确的。

　　【原文大意】

　　两百年以前，美国学生进美国学校，跟你一样，他们学算术、英文拼写和地理。但跟你不同的是，他们还要学希腊语和拉丁语。事实上，学生花在学习希腊语和拉丁语的时间超过学习时间的一半。

　　欧洲的大多数学生也是如此。直到7世纪，所有受过教育的欧洲人都懂拉丁语。无论是居住在英格兰、意大利、法国还是西班牙，只要他受过教育，他就会拉丁语。

　　在7世纪，受过教育的欧洲人开始学希腊语，也学拉丁语。这两种语言已经成为古希腊和古罗马的第一位语言。所有受过教育的欧洲人都要求会这两种语言。

　　对于受过教育的欧洲人来说，希腊和罗马的语言是非常重要的。希腊和罗马的思想也是非常重要的。人们很清楚他们的许多观点都来自希腊和罗马。要想理解自己的文化，就必须知道它的起源。他们明白，起源存在于古典世界中。

　　而今天，我们有太多的事情要学以至于几乎无人有时间学习希腊语和拉丁语。你们几乎没有人在学校学这两种语言。然而，希腊和罗马的思想对我们来说仍然非常重要。这些思想仍然起着形成当今西方文化的作用。要了解我们自己的文化，就必须了解古典世界的文化。

　　第二篇

　　【答案】

　　40.C 41.B42.A43.C

　　【解析】

　　40.第二段。Tomato这个词来源于纳华族文字的tomatl。选项C是正确的。

　　41.第二段。北美人认为这个植物是有毒的，他们认为吃了它肯定会死。选项B是正确的。

　　42.第二段。Desexed被抛弃的。原句的意思是：被抛弃的suitor会威胁说吃西红柿使情人悔恨。提到情人，可以断定suitor是相爱双方的一方。Suitor追求者，通常指男性。选项A是正确的。

　　43.从love apple到tomat0，从最初的纳华族到世界各地，从无人敢尝试这最普通的食物，文章讲了西红柿的历史。选项C是正确的。

　　【原文大意】

　　你吃腊肉、莴苣和爱情果三明治吗?你可能吃过很多。很多年前人们把西红柿叫爱情果。

　　西红柿最初是美洲的植物。早期的西班牙探险者在南美发现了它。西红柿的名字最初来源于纳华族的tomatl。但当这个植物移居到北部，就有了不同的名字。不可思议的是，北美的移居者认为西红柿是有毒的。他们认为吃了它肯定就会死。据说，被抛弃的追求者会威胁说要吃西红柿，以便使心肠冷酷的情人感到悔恨。基于这个传说，移居者就把西红柿叫“爱情果”。但是，人们却非常欣赏其他当地的植物，如玉米、甜薯等等，每个人都对西红柿敬而远之。

　　没有人知道谁是第一个敢于尝试西红柿的。也许有人如此胆大或相思得如此痛苦，以至于要证实传说的真实性。当然，吃了这个果实的人很安全。没人因为吃了爱情果而死亡。过了很多年人们才完全相信西红柿是安全的，甚至是很好的食物。而它的用途也极为普通，这个植物被送往大海的另一边成了欧洲许多国家的传统菜肴。

　　第三篇

　　【答案】

　　44.A45.D46.D47.D

　　【解析】

　　44.最后一段最后一句。骆驼的眼睫毛如此长是为了挡住沙漠中大风吹起的沙子。选项A是正确的。

　　45.作者说，大多数的鱼和蛇没有眼皮，但并未说所有的蜥蜴都没有眼皮，排除选项A。第一段说眼皮和眼睫毛都是保护眼睛的;第二段说有些动物如鸟类有三层眼皮，但并未说睫毛;第三段说有些动物没有眼皮;第四段说骆驼的睫毛长。这些都未提及有眼皮就肯定有睫毛，排除选项C。选项D是正确的。

　　46：第二段最后。鸭子的第三层眼皮如同潜水罩。选项D是正确的。

　　47.选项B是错的。文章不光讨论了鸟，也讨论了鱼、蛇等;文章讨论的焦点不是眼睛而是眼皮。选项D是正确的。文章讨论了保护眼睛的是什么。

　　【原文大意】

　　大自然给动物设计了很多保护眼睛的方法。最普通的保护方式是眼皮——眼睛外部一层折叠的皮肤，用来保护眼睛免受伤害。眼睫毛是用来挡住外来的灰尘和其他的刺激物的。眼泪可以冲刷掉冲破其他防御措施进入眼睛的微粒。

　　有些动物，包括大多数的鸟类，有三层眼皮。上下眼皮跟人类眼皮的功能是一样的：把碎枝、灰尘和沙子阻挡在外。而第三层眼皮是半透明的薄膜，从内眼角到外眼角盖住眼睛。正是因为这种保护膜，鸟很少眨眼。它们只有睡觉时才闭眼。对鸭子来说，这第三层眼皮就像是水下的潜水罩，帮助鸭子寻找食物。

　　大多数鱼和蛇类根本没有眼皮，而是有一种坚硬的玻璃状覆盖层来保护眼睛。作为鱼来讲，水不停地把附着在覆盖层上的脏东西冲洗干净。而蛇的视力通常是很差的，一点脏东西对它的视觉没有多大的影响。

　　眼睫毛可作遮挡保护眼睛免受强光。它们的功能如同微缩的刷子，扫去灰尘。骆驼有4英寸长的睫毛来保护它们的眼睛不被沙漠中风刮起的沙子伤害。

　　第四篇

　　【答案】

　　48.D49.A50.C51.B

　　【解析】

　　48.这篇文章是关于浴室的浴帘含有聚氯乙烯的问题。第一段指出，健康环境及正义中心发布了一个研究报告，证实含有聚氯乙烯的浴帘可放射大量的有害物质。选项D是正确的。

　　49.第三段。11年前宜家就开始逐步淘汰含有聚氯乙烯的浴帘，而改用乙烯醋酸共聚物。选项A是正确的。

　　50.最后一段，最后一句。用棉或麻做的浴帘的最大问题是会发霉。选项C是正确的。

　　51.最后一段，第一句。并没有要求厂家一定要在浴帘上贴标签，但有些厂家的确在包装上打上含有聚氯乙烯的标签。所以消费者不会很清楚他所买的浴帘是否含有聚氯乙烯。选项B

　　是正确的。

　　【原文大意】

　　作为抵制聚氯乙烯的持续战役的一部分，弗吉尼亚州的环境保护组织号召厂家和零售商逐步淘汰含有聚氯乙烯的浴帘。健康环境及正义中心发布了一个小型的研究结果，证明含有聚氯乙烯的浴帘会在人们使用的卫生间里放射大量的潜在有害物质。环境保护部的研究员们在先前所做的研究中也发现了塑料的浴帘会向空气中释放有毒的混合物。

　　但就对健康的影响到底有多严重，科学家们仍有分歧，尤其是在小剂量的情况下。不过，健康环境及正义中心力劝消费者不要使用聚氯乙烯的浴帘，以及其他许多含有该物质的产品。

　　担心自己浴帘的人还有其他的选择。宜家在11年前就在逐步淘汰含有聚氯乙烯的浴帘，转而使用乙烯醋酸共聚物。宜家说到2008年的春天，88%的浴帘将不含聚氯乙烯。

　　没有要求厂家一定要在浴帘上标明是否含有聚氯乙烯，但有些厂家在包装上将聚氯乙烯列入表内。众多的网上零售商出售的主要是麻或棉布制作的浴帘，而不含聚氯乙烯。然而，麻和棉布制作的浴帘很容易发霉。

　　第五篇

　　【答案】

　　52.C53.A54.C55.B

　　【解析】

　　52.这篇文章指出了雇用非法移民的问题。第一段提到从英国内政部发起打击雇用非法移民行动的四个月以来，已有超过200家公司受到处罚。选项C是正确的。

　　53.第一段。内政部要求所有雇用非法移民公司的名字及其董事，以及所雇用的非法移民的人数和罚款数额都要在英国边境署的网页上曝光。选项A是正确的。

　　54.第三段。移民局官员已经把处罚的重点转移到大型的提供非法劳工的犯罪组织。选项C是正确的。

　　55.最后一段。工会官员担心政府的策略可能会导致最恶劣的雇主转入地下活动，从而惩罚了走投无路的贫穷的工人。选项B是正确的。

　　【原文大意】

　　雇用非法移民的公司在进一步严打偷运人口的行动中将被曝光。这个由内政部发起的行动是在官员统一识别、检举违法公司的四个月之后开始的。超过200家公司已经因雇用非法劳工而受到处罚。内政部宣布，所有违法的公司及其董事的名字将公布在英国边境署的网页上。边境署也将公布该公司所雇用的非法移民人数及其所受的处罚金额。

　　到今年五月，已经有137个这种案例按照新的规则受到起诉，其处罚数额总数达到50万，几乎平均每个公司是3000。而起诉的总数是2007年的l0倍之多，是过去10年总数的2倍。移民局官员还将他们的重点从小规模的非法雇主，如外卖餐厅，转向了大型的提供非法劳工的犯罪组织。这些组织靠国际网络将人口偷运进英国。

　　约7500名移民官将被重新组合，插入由警察、海关工作人员组成的地区小组，在内政部所说的非法工作的热点地区明确目标。这些地区包括对劳动力需求高的经济区，如农业、建筑业和餐饮业等。虽然估计的非法居民有50万之多，但究竟有多少没有工作许可的人在英国工作无从知晓。

　　工会官员也很担心政府的策略，认为这样做可能会迫使最恶劣的雇主转入地下，从而惩罚的是那些无法逃脱这种无能为力的境况的异常贫穷的工人。

　　V.Daily Conversation

　　【答案】

　　56.F57.B58.H59.A60.G

　　【解析】

　　56.只有在确认机票时才会被要求告知姓名。选项F是正确的。

　　57.从下面的答话可知，对方要的是飞机航班号。选项B是正确的。

　　58.这里实际上问的是离开的日期。选项H是正确的。

　　59.问完信息后需要按照信息查询，这需要一点时间，所以有省略号。为让对方不着急，因此声明请对方等一会儿。选项A是正确的。

　　60.后半句话说明订票员给的常规性提醒。选项G是正确的。

　　【原文大意】

　　Reservations clerk：北风航空公司，我能为您做什么?

　　Daniel Adams：您好。我想再确认一下机票。

　　Reservations clerk：请告诉我您的姓名和您的航班号，好吗?

　　Daniel Adams：我叫Daniel Adams，我的航班号是374。

　　Reservations clerk：您什么时间离开?

　　Daniel Adams：5月11号。

　　Reservations clerk：您的目的地?

　　Daniel Adams：布宜诺斯艾利斯。

　　Reservations clerk：请稍候。好，您的座位已经确认。Adams先生，您将在当地时间下午4点到达布宜诺斯艾利斯。

　　Daniel Adams：谢谢。我可不可以在办登机手续时再取票?

　　Reservations clerk：可以，但请在飞机起飞前至少l小时到达机场。

　　V1.Writing

　　61.【高分作文】

　　To Whom It May Concern:

　　Three days ago, I just got the watch I ordered from your store. You sent it on time and thanks for that. But I found several problems. First, the color is not what I wanted. I wanted golden, but you gave me silver instead. I thought that would be OK, if everything else is good enough. The stranger thing happens. The watch gets five minutes slower every day, so I have to keep correcting it. Because of this, I feel nervous about being late for work. I really cannot stand it any longer. So I have to write this letter to request giving the watch back to you and full money back to me.

　　Along with the letter is the copy of the order.

　　Thank you. I am looking forward to hearing from you.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Yuan