【湖南函授本科】考试复习资料英语--考试题型专讲专练三：完形填空

来源： 2019-06-11 17:33中

考试题型专讲专练三：完形填空

1）题型特点

专升本的完形填空共有15道小题，每小题2分，共三十分。

完形填空是单句选择填空和篇章阅读的结合体，因此在解题时要既考虑单个的选项又要考虑整体篇章的意义。因为多了上下文的信息所以完型填空的难度应小于第二部分的题型词汇与语法的选择填空。完形填空题的考察重点和第二部分单选题大同小异,所不同的是增加了整篇阅读的综合分析和判断，完形填空题的选择项可能是名词,动词,形容词,介词,副词或连词等词汇题，也可能是动词非谓语的变化或动词的时态语态等语法题。除了扎实的语法基础和词汇基础外,还要求考生有良好的语感以及对各选项的综合分析判断能力

2）解题步骤：

（1）通读全篇了解篇章结构和大意

用1至2分钟的时间快读全文，快读全文是为了把握文章的大意和中心，把握文章发展的基本线索。快读中，可以不管空格，对要填的内容做一大概的猜测即可。

（2）详读全篇，根据各种综合信息预测填空的单词

在掌握文章大意的基础上根据上下文提供的搭配,结构,语意等线索来预测答案,要着眼空格所在的完整句子,瞻前顾后.必要时用铅笔先在卷上做上标记，比如此空可能是某个词性或词义乃至可能是某个词。重点解决与结构搭配有关的问题。如果有些填空一时难以作出判断，不要恋战而是继续往下进行,往往进行到下文,前面的填空的信息就会出现或者有了一些有用的线索。做题时，文章首句和尾句要特别注意，前者往往是文章全貌的窗口，后者往往是起画龙点睛作用和总结性句子。有些固定搭配的空缺或是上下文有明显提示的空缺在没有看到所给的四个选项之前就可以锁定，这样再看所给选项选择时既很有把握也能节省一部分时间。

（3）将预测答案和所给的四个选项进行比对，找出重叠率最高的选项

（4）核对全文，核对的意义不是第二次重做，而是要检查前后是否贯通，内容是否含糊矛盾，再从语法角度仔细检查，以便弥补疏漏。

（5）对于个别难度较大的选项，这种选项往往是同义词语，不容易辨别出它们之间的细微差别，则要凭自己的第一感觉，这和胡猜是两码事，这里是用语感在做选择。

3）解题技巧：

做完形填空时在遵循以上几个步骤的同时还要注意解题思路和技巧

（1）搭配判断法

根据对以往考试的分析，搭配形题目在完形填空中占的比例最重，搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配熟练程度，比如说哪些词要搭配不定式、动名词或某种从句，那些词必须与某个介词搭配，我们在复习时要特别注意短语动词和介词的搭配。

（2）结构判断法

结构型问题主要包括句型、句式连接词的选择等，解题时要运用句法知识，把握关键词，从而做出迅速正确的判断，完形空中有很多是利用语法的正确性与逻辑的排斥性之间的矛盾来设计的，因此考生应结合上下文的合理性，及意义关系的逻辑性，选择最佳答案，完形填空中常考的逻辑关系主要有：A.转折，让步 B.因果关系 C.表示递进，补充关系 D.表示对比比较关系。

（3）词义判断法

词汇型问题也是完型填空的一个考点，主要测试考生在段落语篇中把握语义连贯性的能力，提供选择的词可能是近义词，形近词，也可能是随意拼凑的四个选项，遇到这类题，既要联系上下文又要有扎实的词汇基础有时还必须根据自己的文化背景知识做出判断。

4）注意事项

（1）切勿拿题就做，不看全文。

（2）注意通篇文章的关联度，切勿把每个填空割裂开来做。

（3）切勿把时间和精力消耗在翻译文章上，遇到不认识的词和不明白的句子除非是影响到填空选项的选择，否则可以放在一边。

5）完形填空专项练习：

What do we mean

1 a perfect English pronunciation? In one sense there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it.

2 two speakers speak in exactly the same way. We can always hear differences

3 them, the pronunciation of English varies a great deal in different geographical

4 . How do we decide what sort of English to use

5 a model? This is not a question that can be

in the same way for all foreign learners of English. When you live in a part of the world like India or West Africa,

7 there is a long

8 of speaking English

9 general communication purposes, you should

10 to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be a fashion in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or

11 of the sort.

12 the other hand, if you live in a country

13 there is no traditional use of English, you must take as your model some fore of native English pronunciation. It does not

14 very much which form you choose. The most

15 way is to take as your model the sort of English you can hear most often.

1. A. with		B. for		C. by		D. in
答案：C 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
2. A. Not	B. No			C. None		D. Nor
答案：B 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
3. A. between	B. form		C. sort		D. way
答案：A 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
4. A. areas		B. parts		C. countries		D. spaces
答案：A 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
5. A. as	B. like			C. for		D. in
答案：A 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
6. A. given	B. responded			C. satisfied		D. answered
答案：D 解析：上下文语法关系，非限定性定语从句，听讲座录音
7. A. that	B. where			C. which		D. when
答案：B 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
8. A. custom	B. use			C. tradition		D. habit
答案：C 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
9. A. to	B. for			C. from		D. of
答案：B 解析：词组固定搭配，听讲座录音
10.A.aim	B. propose			C. select		D. tend
答案：D 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
11.A. everything	B. nothing			C. anything		D. things
答案：C 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
12. A. On	B. At			C. In		D. For
答案：A 解析：固定搭配，听讲座录音
13.A. where	B. that			C. which		D. wherever
答案：A 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
14.A. care	B. affect			C. trouble		D. matter
答案：D 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
15.A.effective	B. sensitive			C. ordinary		D. careful
答案：A 解析：下文语法关系，听讲座录音

Canada is the second largest country in the world in area, although its

1 is onlysome 25 million

, most

2 in a 200-mile strip

3 the southern border.

Over 25 percent of the

4 number live in the three main cities. The northern areas of the country are almost uninhabited

5 for

isolated settlements.

Canada is

6 a rich country, its national

7 per capita is fifth highest in the world, but its economy in recent years has been rather patchy

8 the varied nature of what it does.

Over the last three years, the Canadian economy has been hard

9 by falling oil prices by rising US interest

10 .This has

11 to

a steep fall in industrial production ——by as much as a fifth since 1981. some

12 now think

Canada is on the

13 to recovery, though more cautious spirits say that no

14 can be expected

15 there is a tendency to lower interest rates in the USA.

1. A. people			B. residents		C. population		D. number
答案：C 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
2. A. residing	B. living				C. stay		D. inhabit
答案：B 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
3. A. down	B. along			C. beside		D. near
答案：B 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
4. A. absolute			B. total		C. all		D. compete
答案：B 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
5. A. except	B. but				C. only		D. besides
答案：A 解析：固定搭配，上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
6. A. fundamental		B. widely			C. overall		D. basically
答案：D 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
7. A. product	B. resource				C. production		D. manufactures
答案：C 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
8. A. because	B. because of				C. despite		D. in spite of
答案：B 解析：上下文逻辑关系，语法判断。听讲座录音
9. A. influence	B. hit				C. pushed		D. hammered
答案：B 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
10.A.jobs	B. founds				C. rates		D. industries
答案：C 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
11.A. caused	B. moved				C. amounted		D. led
答案：D 解析：固定搭配，上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
12. A. economists			B. scholars		C. Canadians		D. scientists
答案：A 解析：上下文语意关系，听讲座录音
13.A. line	B. period				C. time		D. road
答案：D 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
14.A. uplift	B. cheer				C. future		D. improvement
答案：D 解析：上下文逻辑关系，听讲座录音
15.A. if	B. unless				C. as		D. until
答案：D 解析：下文语法关系，听讲座录音

The computer is fast, never makes a mistake, while people are too slow, full of mistakes sometimes. That’s

1 people often say when

2 talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, scientists have been

3 better better computers. Now a computer can

4 a lot of

5 jobs wonderfully. It is

6 used in factories, hospitals, post offices airports. A computer can report, decide control in almost

7 field

. Many computer scientists are thinking of

8 the computer “think

” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can

9 pictures

, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize voices, translate languages so on. Perhaps computers will

10 really think feel. Do you think the people will be afraid

11 they find that the computer is too clever to listen to serve the people? No, people will

12 better use of

the computers in

13 future.

Man is

14 the of the computer. The computer works only

15 the help of

man. It cannot take the place of man.

1. A. that	B. what	C. how	D. why
答案：B 解析：这里需要一个表语从句的引导词，并在从句中作say的宾语，代替上文的内容。 what从意思和语法上都合乎文意，为正确选项。
2. A. we	B. they	C. you	D. people
答案：B 解析：替代前文的people应用they。
3. A. loving	B. taking	C. making	D. thinking
答案：C 解析：科学家们一直在制造越来越好的电脑，故选择making。
4. A. have	B. get	C. do	D. offer
答案：C 解析：do a lot of jobs意思为“干许多事情”。其余三个动词皆不合文意。
5. A. everyday	B. every day	C. each day	D. some day
答案：A 解析：词组every day意思为“每天”；some day指将来的“某一天”；形容词everyday意思为“日常的”，合乎文意，为正确选项。
6. A. widely	B. wide	C. great	D. deeply
答案：A 解析：这里应选择一个副词，表示电脑应用的程度。widely意思是“广泛地”，为正确选项。
7. A. either	B. all	C. both	D. every
答案：D 解析：下文中的field是可数名词单数形式，意思为“领域”，而either指两者中的任意一个，不合文意，故选择every。
8. A. producing	B. ordering	C. making	D. building
答案：C 解析：make作使役动词时，后面应接不定式的复合结构，且不定式省去to，即make sb. do sth.，故选择make。
9. A. take	B. look at	C. draw	D. put
答案：C 解析：draw意思为“画图”，合乎文意。
10. A. one day	B. a day	C. any day	D. the other day
答案：A 解析：the other day指过去的某一天；one day既可指过去的某一天，也可指将来的某一天。这里讲的是将来的设想，故选one day。
11. A. when	B. that	C. how	D. while
答案：A 解析：这是一个时间状语从句。while引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词；when引导的从句中，动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词，故when为正确选项。
12. A. chose	B. get	C. take	D. make
答案：D 解析：固定结构make use of意思为“利用”。
13. A. a	B. an	C. the	D. /
答案：C 解析：in the future意思为“将来”，为正确选项。而in future意思为“今后”，不合文意。
14. A. often	B. never	C. always	D. sometimes
答案：C 解析：根据上下文，电脑是不可能取代人类的，而人类应永远是电脑的操纵者，故选always。
15. A. with	B. under	C. by	D. for
答案：A 解析：固定结构with the help of意思为“在……的帮助下”。