“文艺复兴是科学家和艺术家的时代，但也是世界探险家和航海家的时代。”对这两个“时代”的理解正确的是

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• 1新航路开辟以后，世界各民族的历史逐渐融合为一部统一的人类历史。这种“融合”和“统一”实现的主要方式是

  A.西方的殖民掠夺

  B.东方的借鉴学习

  C.正常的文化交往

  D.工业革命的推广

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• 21641年，英国大主教劳德指出：“每当下院有什么议案将要提出，并且认为上院会坚持拒绝或国王不会同意的时候，渐渐的暴民们就会来到国会，高声喊出他们所要提出的这个或那个要求……。”这表明

  A.资产阶级和新贵族的斗争得到了城乡群众的支持

  B.城乡群众对下院的声援引发了英国资产阶级革命

  C.革命初期人民群众受封建贵族的迷惑而反对革命

  D.新议会的下院同英国广大人民群众处于对立状态

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• 3“牛顿的发现，给人类带来了从未有过的自信。曾经匍匐在上帝脚下的人类，终于大胆地抬起头来，开始用自己理性的眼光打量世界。”这段材料说明牛顿的发现

  A.推动了天文学的发展

  B.使人类彻底摆脱了神学的束缚

  C.促进了人类思想解放

  D.使人类开始关注现实世界

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• 4在法国巴黎的先贤祠里，长眠于伏尔泰对面的是卢梭，值得注意的是，从卢梭的棺木里向外伸出一只手臂，而在手里的是一团熊熊燃烧的火焰，对此，正确的理解是

  A.由于工作人员的不慎把手臂遗留在外面

  B.手里的火是卢梭对封建制度愤怒之情的心中之火

  C.卢梭的思想点燃了法国的大革命之火

  D.这是在昭示人们不要忘记卢梭思想的光辉

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• 5“英国人一定是丧失了所有道德和自由感，否则怎么会对这场世界经历过的最重要革命，对它正在进行的庄严方式，不表敬仰赞赏。”（摘自英国《晨邮报》1789年7月21日《论巴士底狱的陷落》）《晨邮报》持上述态度是因为英国

  A.曾进行过资产阶级革命，建立资产阶级共和制

  B.经过启蒙运动，自由平等观念已得到了进步人士认可

  C.经过议会改革，工业资产阶级掌握国家政权

  D.期望法国迅速成为资本主义强国

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• 6赫尔曼、梅尔维尔有句名言说：“美国人血液里的每一滴血，都混合着全世界各民族的血液！”读表《1700—1860年美国人口种族构成的变化》，在这160年间，美国人口构成呈现的变化趋势及其原因分析错误的是（单位：万人） <table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoTableGrid"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">时间（年）</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">土著人口</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">白种人口</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">黑种人口</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.2pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">合计</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 19.4pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">1700</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">75.0</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">22.3</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">2.7</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.2pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">100</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">1820</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">32.5</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">788.4</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">177.2</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.2pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.5pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">998.1</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 19.4pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">1860</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">16.0</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">2724.0</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">2724.0</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 81.2pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="108">3140.0</td></tr></tbody></table>

  A.奴隶制的废除是人口总数大幅上升的主要原因

  B.种植园经济发展和奴隶贸易的进行致使黑种人口剧增

  C.欧洲移民源源而来导致白种人剧增

  D.欧洲移民者的屠杀、折磨和奴役及美国西进运动的影响导致土著人口骤减

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