朱维铮在《重读中国近代史》中有这样的叙述：“（缔造者们）言辞的崇高与行为的凶暴，平等的许诺与特权的森严，恰成对比，越来越使渴望解脱重重压迫的贫民失望。这一观点最有可能用来描述近代中国的

试卷相关题目

• 1古代罗马法被誉为“以私有制为基础的法律最完备的形式”,也是“商品生产者社会的第一个世界性法律”。15—16世纪，西欧各国普遍出现“采用罗马法”的热潮，这一现象出现的社会原因是

  A.资本主义生产关系的兴起

  B.世界市场形成的推动

  C.罗马法具有普遍的适应性

  D.早期殖民扩张的需要

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• 2苏格拉底有句名言“未经审视的生活是毫无价值的”，这主要表明他

  A.主张不断认识自我

  B.追求理性的价值

  C.倡导提高生活质量

  D.强调生命的意义

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• 3某小组在对古代中国一朝代开展研究性学习时曾搜集到以下一条重要史料：“我朝阁臣，只备论思顾问之职，原非宰相”。该小组所研究的朝代

  A.打破了长期实行的世卿世禄制度

  B.开始采取分割相权的方式加强皇权

  C.以内阁制为载体的代议制形成

  D.儒学思想已逐渐趋于僵化

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• 4元代是中国戏曲的黄金时代，杂剧、散曲、南戏等都取得巨大成就，后世将其与唐诗、宋词并称。后人则充分肯定元曲的艺术风格，称其“文而不晦，俗而不俚”，“明白如话”，这种风格反映了元代

  A.城镇经济繁荣

  B.统治者政治清明

  C.戏曲创作者文化水平不高

  D.中外文化交流频繁

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• 5下表是16—17世纪中国著名科学家及其成就简表，从中能够分析得出的信息有<table style="width: 216pt; margin-left: 4.9pt; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0.0000pt 0.0000pt 0.0000pt 0.0000pt;" align="center" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: 0pt; border: 0.5pt solid windowtext; width: 51pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="68">姓名</td><td style="border-width: 0.5pt 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 72pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="96">生卒年代</td><td style="border-width: 0.5pt 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 93pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="124">著作</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 51pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="68">李时珍</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 72pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="96">1518—159</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 93pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="124">《本草纲目》</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 51pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="68">徐光启</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 72pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="96">1562—1633</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 93pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="124">《农政全书》</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 51pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="68">徐霞客</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 72pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="96">1586—1641</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 93pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="124">《徐霞客游记》</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 51pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="68">宋应星</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 72pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="96">1587—？</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 93pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="124">《天工开物》</td></tr></tbody></table>①中国传统科技进入总结阶段②当时中国科技成就与社会生产和生活密切相关③当时中国科技在研究方法上主要采取整理典籍和总结经验的方法④当时中国科技吸取了西方近代自然科学的成就

  A.①②③

  B.②③④

  C.①②④

  D.①③④

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• 6《大公报》载：1906年1月，两广总督岑春煊发布示谕“婢膝奴颜，有伤气节”，宣布广东、广西两省官员，在下级见上级时，一律废除跪拜请安之礼。此后，各省纷纷效法。这说明

  A.辛亥革命使民主平等思想深入人心

  B.封建等级制度被废除

  C.晚清时期曾进行社会习俗的改革

  D.儒家传统礼仪被废除

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• 7五四时期流行“公理战胜强权”的口号，1918年12月在北京创刊的《每周评论》将“主张公理，反对强权”作为其办刊宗旨。这里的“公理”是指

  A.宋明理学“天理”

  B.平等、自由

  C.进化论和个人权利

  D.自然科学定律

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• 8陈独秀著文指出，“我们中国多数国民口里虽然是不反对共和，脑子里实在装满了帝制时代的旧思想。”对这一说法的正确解说不包括

  A.准确反映普通民众的思想状态

  B.忽视辛亥革命对思想解放的作用

  C.是其宣传民主科学的依据之一

  D.推动探索活动进入学习观念阶段

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• 9毛泽东说：“中国的革命，自从一九二四年开始，就由国共两党的情况起着决定的作用……孙中山先生致力国民革命凡四十年还未能完成的革命事业，在仅仅两三年之内，获得了巨大的成就。”其中“巨大的成就”获得的主要原因是

  A.新三民主义的提出

  B.国民革命军建立

  C.广大工农群众支持

  D.革命统一战线建立

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• 10下表出自《交通杂志》（1935年1月）。这一对比研究可以用来说明各种运输方法运费之比较（单位：分）<table style="width: 330pt; margin-left: 4.9pt; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0.0000pt 0.0000pt 0.0000pt 0.0000pt;" align="center" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: 0pt; border: 0.5pt solid windowtext; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">运输方法</td><td style="border-width: 0.5pt 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">运费（吨／公里）</td><td style="border-width: 0.5pt 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">运输方法</td><td style="border-width: 0.5pt 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">运费（吨／公里）</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">肩挑</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">34．0</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">驴车</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">18．0</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">公路汽车</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">30．0</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">轻便铁路</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">2．4</td></tr><tr><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">独轮车</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">19．2</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 61.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="82">铁路</td><td style="border-width: medium 0.5pt 0.5pt medium; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: currentColor windowtext windowtext currentColor; padding: 0pt; width: 103.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: none; mso-border-right-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-top-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0.5000pt solid windowtext;" valign="top" width="138">2．0</td></tr></tbody></table>

  A.近代铁路发展的原因

  B.中国近代交通的多样性

  C.近代交通工具革新的条件

  D.近代交通的殖民地特征

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